Bella Akhmadulina: biography
Name: Bella Akhmadulina
Date of Birth: April 10, 1937
Age: 73 years old
Date of death: November 29, 2010
Place of Birth: Moscow
Activity: poetess, writer, translator
Family status: was married
Bella Akhmadulina: biography
Isabella Akhatovna Akhmadulina was born in April 1937 in Moscow, in an intelligent and wealthy family. Her father served as a deputy minister, her mother served as a translator with the rank of KGB major.
The name Isabella was given to the girl by her grandmother Nadezhda Mitrofanovna. In the 1930s, Spain and everything connected with it was very popular in the Soviet Union. Therefore, the mother of the future poetess was looking for a Spanish name for her daughter. Grandmother decided that Isabella was exactly what she needed. So Isabella Akhmadulina was born. As the poetess later wrote in her memoirs, she "recollected herself in time" and shortened her name to Bell.
In Bella Akhmadulina, the blood of different nationalities was mixed: Tatar on the father's side, Russian-Italian on the mother's side. Grandmother Nadezhda Mitrofanovna had a great influence on Akhmadulina. Since the parents were busy people, the granddaughter often remained in the care of her grandmother on her mother's side. It was she who taught Bella to read, instilled in her a love for classical literature, reading not only fairy tales, but also the works of Gogol and Pushkin.
During the war, Bella's father went to the front. The girl was sent to Kazan, where her second paternal grandmother lived. In Kazan, Akhmadulina fell ill and had every chance of dying if her mother had not arrived in time. Immediately after the end of the war, Bella returned to the capital with her mother and went to school. She studied reluctantly, often skipped classes and gave preference only to literature classes. Akhmadulina was a very well-read girl for her age and from an early age she wrote without grammatical errors.
Bella Akhmadulina's first poems appeared during her school years. At the age of 15, she already had her own style. The literary debut of the 18-year-old poetess took place in the October magazine. And 2 years later, in 1957, Akhmadulina's poetry was criticized in the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper. The poems were considered too mannered and old-fashioned, not corresponding to the spirit of the Soviet era.
Creation
In her school years, Bella Akhmadulina attended classes in the capital's Literary Association. Even then, she planned to connect her life with literature. Parents did not like such plans of their daughter: they dreamed of seeing Bella as a journalist. The daughter agreed and took the documents to Moscow State University, to the Faculty of Journalism. Unfortunately (or still fortunately), Akhmadulina failed the entrance exams. Then she, following all the same wishes of her parents, got a job at the Metrostroyevets newspaper. But she published there not only articles, but also her poems.
The following year, Bella Akhmadulina entered the place she dreamed of - the Literary Institute. But in 1959, when a scandal broke out in the USSR over the award of the Nobel Prize, Akhmadulina refused to sign a letter condemning the "traitor to the motherland." For this, she was expelled from the university. Akhmadulina managed to get a job as a freelance correspondent for Literaturnaya Gazeta in Irkutsk. Soon the editor-in-chief, amazed by Bella's talent, contributed to her return to the Literary Institute. Akhmadulina graduated with honors from the university in 1960.
The creative biography of Bella Akhmadulina developed rapidly. In 1962, her debut poetry collection "String" appeared. The talent of the poetess was immediately noted by recognized masters, among whom Evgeny Yevtushenko, . Together with them, Bella Akhatovna Akhmadulina began to appear at creative evenings, where she read her works penetratingly, in a manner peculiar only to her. Her light, airy poems were a huge success. Although there were many critics. Akhmadulina was reproached for her intimacy, old-fashionedness and pompous style.
The second collection of poetry, Chills, was published in Frankfurt in 1968. A year later, another book of poems appeared, called Music Lessons. Bella Akhmadulina created a lot and with anguish. Her writings, read in one breath, have been through suffering. The collections "Blizzard", "Poems", "Candle" followed one after another.
In the 1970s, Bella Akhmadulina visited Georgia. This country and its culture made a great impression on the poetess. However, like Akhmadulina on Georgia. The result of this mutual love is a collection of poetry "Dreams of Georgia". Bella Akhatovna translated poems by Galaktion Tabidze, Nikolai Baratashvili, Simon Chikovani and others into Russian. And the journal "Literary Georgia" published the works of Akhmadulina even at a time when there were ideological prohibitions on them in Russia.
Akhmadulina is the author of many talented essays about outstanding creative personalities. She wrote works about, Veniamin Erofeev, and many other talented people, many of whom she was personally acquainted with.
In 1979, Bella Akhmadulina became one of the creators of the Metropol, an uncensored almanac. Often she openly supported Soviet dissidents, among whom were Andrei Sakharov, Lev Kopelev, Vladimir Voinovich and many others. The statements of the poetess in their defense were published by the New York Times. They were read out on Voice of America and Radio Liberty.
In 1993, Akhmadulina put her signature under the "Letter of Forty-Two", the authors of which demanded that the president ban "all types of communist and nationalist parties." In 2001, Bella Akhatovna signed a letter in defense of the NTV channel.
Movies
Bella Akhmadulina starred in only two films - "Such a guy lives" and "Sport, sport, sport." The first picture, the scriptwriter and director of which was, was released in 1959, when Bella was 22 years old. Akhmadulina played a journalist who writes about a simple guy who committed a heroic deed. The tape was awarded the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival. In the film "Sport, Sport, Sport" by Elem Klimov, Bella Akhmadulina read her poems about sports and athletes.
Leonid Kuravlev and Bella Akhmadulina in Vasily Shukshin's film "Such a Guy Lives"
But if Akhmadulina in the role of an actress can be seen only twice, then her poems and songs appear on them quite often, bringing an unusual charm and amazing romantic aura to the picture. Movies that have become cult can serve as an example. In "The Irony of Fate, or Enjoy Your Bath!" a song sounds on the verses of Bella Akhatovna “On my street which year ...”, performed. In "Cruel Romance" the heroine sings "And in the end I will say." The verse “Oh, my shy hero”, read in “Office Romance” is also a work by Akhmadulina from the collection “Chills”.
Unforgettable and original is the style of Bella Akhmadulina's recitation. , who voiced Piglet in the cartoon about Winnie the Pooh, took exactly the “Akhmadulin intonations”, for which the poetess jokingly thanked her for the “planted pig”.
Personal life
Akhmadulina got married very early - at the age of 18. She was her first husband. Together they lived only 3 years. There were no children in this marriage.
Bella Akhmadulina's personal life improved quickly. The following year, she married the famous writer Yuri Nagibin. Together they lived from 1959 to 1968. But this marriage was not destined to last long. The reason for the breakup, as you can learn from Vasily Aksyonov's biographical novel "Mysterious Passion", was Bella's betrayal. In the year of parting, Akhmadulina took the girl Anya from the orphanage. Adopted Anna received a patronymic from Yuri Nagibin, although she was not his daughter.
The civil marriage of Bella Akhatovna with the son of the famous writer Kaisyn Kuliev, Eldar, was very short. But it was in this marriage that the second daughter, Elizabeth, was born. In 1974, Bella Akhmadulina married Boris Messerer. He was a theater designer and set designer. Daughters Anya and Lisa remained in the care of their mother and housekeeper.
Death
The last years of Bella Akhmadulina's life were very difficult. The poetess was sick. She could only move by touch, because she was practically blind. Bella Akhatovna died on November 29, 2010. She died late in the evening in an ambulance.
Her death was the result of an acute cardiovascular crisis. Farewell to the legendary woman took place in the capital, in the Central House of Writers. Akhmadulina was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Bibliography
- String
- Chills
- Music lessons
- Poetry
- Candle
- Dreams about Georgia
- Blizzard
- Secret
- ridge of stones
- Sound pointing
- Moment of being
- My friends beautiful features
- Expectancy