Where the drunken Cossack locked himself. The main stages of the life and work of A. Pushkin
1. Who was Azamat Bele?
And the father
b) friend
c) brother
d) son
2. Indicate the title of Maxim Maksimych.
a) second lieutenant
b) colonel
c) lieutenant
d) captain
3. Indicate the nationality of Bela.
a) Ossetian
b) Georgian
c) Circassian
d) Chechen
4. Where did Pechorin and Maxim Maksimych go on the day Bela died?
a) on business
b) go fishing
c) hunting
d) to a wedding
5. Indicate the name and patronymic of Pechorin.
a) Alexey Petrovich
b) Grigory Alexandrovich
c) Alexander Maksimovich
d) Petr Grigorievich
6. Indicate on which animals the author-narrator carried luggage?
a) horses
b) buffaloes
c) bulls
d) dogs
7. What is the peculiarity of the composition of the story "Bela"?
a) the story of Bel is interspersed with the story of the author's journey
b) Bela's story is in the middle of the author's journey
c) Bela's story includes an account of the author's journey
8. Which of the things Pechorin kept and then gave to the author Maxim Maksimych?
a) pistols
b) notes
c) a scarf
d) epaulettes
9. How did Maxim Maksimych surprise the author-narrator? (head "Maxim Maksimych")
a) by successfully roasting a pheasant
b) by the fact that he killed a wild boar with a well-aimed shot
c) by sailing across the Terek
d) by putting a servant in his place
10. What did Maxim Maksimych pay attention to before he found out about Pechorin's arrival? (head "Maxim Maksimych")
a) in a wheelchair
b) suitcases
c) on horses
d) on the phone
Surname, name ______________________________ Option 2
1. What noble title did Bela's father have?
a) count
b) baron
c) baronet
d) prince
2. Indicate the name of the horse for which Azamat sold Bel.
a) Circassian
b) Karagoz
c) Kazbich
d) Abrek
3. Indicate the place where the love story of Pechorin and Bela took place?
a) in the fortress beyond the Terek
b) in a sakla on the banks of the Aragva
c) in the castle at the foot of Kazbek
d) in a mansion in Tiflis
4. Where did Pechorin first see Bela?
a) at a wedding
b) housewarming
c) at a public holiday
d) on a birthday
5. On whose behalf is Bela's story told?
a) Pechorin
b) Maksim Maksimych
d) Bela
6. Indicate the reason why the narrator had to spend the night at the station at the foot of Krestovaya Hill?
a) a storm is coming
b) there were no horses
c) the road was washed out
d) there were no porters
7. When do the events described in the story "Maxim Maksimych" take place?
a) before the story with Bela
b) after the story with Bela
c) during the story with Bela
8. Where did Pechorin go when Maxim Maksimych met him for the second time?
a) to Petersburg
b) to Georgia
c) Persia
d) to Turkey
9. When did the meeting between Pechorin and Maxim Maksimych take place after the servant reported that the old man was in the hotel? (head "Maxim Maksimych")
a) immediately
b) in an hour
c) in the evening
d) in the morning
a) gait
b) smile
in the eyes
d) nose
Surname, name ______________________________ Option 3
1. Indicate the surname of Princess Mary.
a) Lanskaya
b) Ligovskaya
c) Petrovskaya
d) Raevskaya
2. In what city did Pechorin and Mary meet?
a) Essentuki
b) Kislovodsk
c) Zheleznovodsk
d) Pyatigorsk
3. What did Grushnitsky drop at the well to attract Mary's attention?
a) glass
b) handset
c) cane
d) lorgnette
4. Indicate the ballroom dance that Mary Grushnitsky dreamed of inviting, but invite Pechorin in advance.
a) mazurka
b) polonaise
c) waltz
d) quadrille
5. In what military rank Grushnitsky came to the waters and hid him from the princess.
A) an officer
b) junker
c) cadet
d) ensign
6. What was the name of the woman with a mole on her cheek whom Pechorin secretly met?
a) Mary
b) Faith
c) Bela
d) Dasha
7. What was the name of the people who came to the Caucasus for treatment?
a) secular society
b) sick society
c) water society
d) mountain society
8. How many steps did Pechorin and Grushnitsky shoot at?
a) 9
b) 8
at 7
d) 6
9. Whose portrait is this: “... small in stature, thin, and weak as a child; one leg was shorter than the other, like Byron's; in comparison with the body, his head seemed huge ... "?
a) Grushnitsky
b) dragoon captain
c) Werner
d) Pechorin
10. Who in the story says these words: “These St. Petersburg fledglings are always conceited until you hit them on the nose! He thinks that he is the only one and lived in the world, because he always wears clean gloves and polished boots ... "
a) Grushnitsky
b) dragoon captain
c) Werner
d) Pechorin
Last name, first name ______________________________ Option 4
1. Indicate the name of the doctor with whom Pechorin made friends on the waters.
a) Bitner
b) Apfelbaum
c) Werner
d) Vulich
2. Near what city did the duel between Pechorin and Grushnitsky take place?
a) Essentuki
b) Kislovodsk
c) Zheleznovodsk
d) Pyatigorsk
3. What did Pechorin buy, giving a higher price than Princess Mary, and thereby causing her annoyance and anger?
a) chair
b) carpet
c) a blanket
d) shawl
4. Indicate the ballroom dance to which Mary was invited by a drunken gentleman, but Pechorin saved the princess from humiliation, saying that the dance was promised to him.
a) mazurka
b) polonaise
c) waltz
d) quadrille
5. In what rank was Grushnitsky promoted on the waters and was he very proud of it?
A) an officer
b) junker
c) cadet
d) ensign
6. Who was the instigator of the dishonest duel between Grushnitsky and Pechorin?
a) Grushnitsky
b) Pechorin
c) dragoon captain
d) doctor
7. Why did everyone gather at the well every morning in Pyatigorsk?
a) take a bath
b) breathe air
c) drink water
d) wash
8. Where, at the suggestion of Pechorin, should the one who was shot at the duel be in order to be killed for sure?
a) on top of a mountain
b) on the edge of the abyss
c) on an unstable stone in the course of a river
d) over an overhanging rock
9. Whose portrait is this: “... well-built, swarthy and black-haired ... Throws his head back when he speaks, and constantly twists his mustache with his left hand, because he leans on a crutch with his right ...”
a) Grushnitsky
b) dragoon captain
c) Werner
d) Pechorin
10. Who in the story says these words?: “Oh epaulettes, epaulettes! Your stars, guiding stars... No! Am I completely happy now?
a) Grushnitsky
b) dragoon captain
c) Werner
d) Pechorin
Surname, name ______________________________ Option 5
1. What did the commandant mean when he told Pechorin about the shack where he stayed, that “it’s unclean there”?
a) the house was not cleaned
b) the owners were unkind people
c) the hostess was very untidy
d) the house was in the city dump
2. What was the name of the man whom the blind boy and girl were waiting for at night on the seashore?
a) Ivanko
b) Petro
c) Janko
d) Michael
3. Where was the girl when Pechorin first heard her singing?
a) on the roof
b) on the porch
c) on the fence
d) on a rock
4. Who, together with Pechorin, lodged in a shack?
a) Cossack
b) servant
suddenly
d) Maksim Maksimych
5. How did Pechorin find out about the smugglers?
a) he overheard a conversation between an old woman and a boy
b) he followed the boy
c) a girl told him
d) the commandant informed him
Surname, name ______________________________ Option 6
1. What congenital deformity did the boy have?
a) he was blind
b) he was hunchbacked
c) he was dumb
d) he was deaf
2. What did Pechorin consider a “bad sign” in the shack?
a) it was dark in the house
b) there was not a single image on the walls
c) there were no windows in the house
d) weapons were hung on the walls
3. What was the weather like at sea that night when Pechorin was following the smugglers?
a) rain
b) wind
c) thunderstorm
d) fog
4. What did the girl throw overboard when she tried to drown Pechorin?
a) dagger
b) wallet
c) pistol
d) a tube
5. How does Pechorin talk about the smugglers whose lives he ruined?
a) honest
b) brave
c) the poor
d) unhappy
Surname, name ______________________________ Option 7
1. Indicate the most passionate hobby of Vulich.
a) drink wine
b) take care of girls
c) collect weapons
d) play cards
2. What card did Pechorin throw at the moment when Vulich shot himself in the forehead?
a) an ace of hearts
b) the queen of spades
c) cross seven
d) king of diamonds
3. What animal was the drunken Cossack chasing?
a) dog
b) pig
c) a horse
d) cow
4. What did Vulich aim at and shoot with the second shot?
a) window
b) cap
c) carpet
d) lamp
5. What weapon killed Vulich?
a) pistol
b) saber
c) checker
d) a gun
Surname, name ______________________________ Option 8
1. Why did the officer stay up late at the major's?
a) they played cards
b) they drank wine
c) they had an interesting conversation
d) they listened to Vulich's stories
2. Specify the nationality of Vulich
a) Czech
b) Hungarian
c) Serb
d) Bulgarian
3. Who was the woman who “sat on a thick log, leaned on her knees and supported her head with her hands ...” to a drunken Cossack
and the wife
b) mother
c) daughter
d) sister
4. Where is the drunken Cossack locked up?
a) in the house
b) in the barn
c) in the stable
d) in the barracks
5. Who saw the imprint of imminent death on Vulich's face?
a) Yesaul
b) major
c) Pechorin
d) a drunken Cossack
Impressions from life in 1837 on the Caucasian waters, from a trip to the Terek to the Cossack village Shelkovskaya to visit A. A. Khastatov, from a trip along the Georgian Military Highway. V. G. Belinsky, who was treated in Pyatigorsk in 1837, was surprised when the novel came out, “of the incomprehensible fidelity with which even the smallest details are described by Mr. Lermontov” of the life of the resort society. There is evidence that Lermontov based Bela on an incident told to him by Khastatov, "who really lived with a Tatar woman of this name." There is an indication that in The Fatalist, Lermontov used another incident from the life of Khastatov, when he burst unarmed into the hut in the village of Chervlenaya, where a drunken Cossack locked himself with a pistol and a saber. Mentions in memoirs that the incident described in "Taman" occurred in Taman with Lermontov himself is confirmed by the story of M. Zeidler. In 1838 Zeidler was sent to the Caucasus and stayed in Taman. Describing in his essay (“In the Caucasus in the 1830s”) the beauty of his neighbor and the appearance of the blind boy portrayed by Lermontov, Zeidler explains that he was destined to live in the same house where the poet lived, and the same blind boy and the mysterious Tatar served as the plot for his story. “I even remember,” Zeidler writes, “that when I, on my return, told my comrades about my passion for my neighbor, Lermontov drew with a pen on a piece of paper the rocky coast and the house I was talking about.”
In the guise of Dr. Werner, contemporaries found a portrait resemblance to N.V. Mayer, a physician at the headquarters of the Caucasian troops in Stavropol; he spent the summer months on the Waters. They also pointed to the similarity of Grushnitsky with officer N.P. Kolyubakin. The hero of the "Fatalist" Vulich has similarities with the horse guard I.V. Vuich. In the image of Princess Mary, contemporaries recognized not only one, but several secular girls who spent the summer of 1837 in Pyatigorsk - another proof that the characters of "A Hero of Our Time" contain not only portrait, but also typical features.
Lermontov. Princess Mary. Feature film, 1955
Lermontov began writing the novel no earlier than the second half of 1838; back in June, he complained to S. A. Raevsky: “I don’t write,” and reported that work on Princess Ligovskaya had dragged on and was unlikely to end. Obviously, the entry "I am in Tiflis ...", which is the original plot of "Taman", dates back to this time. But already in March 1839, “Bela (From the Notes of an Officer on the Caucasus)” was placed in “Notes of the Fatherland”, in November - “Fatalist”. “It is with particular pleasure that we take this opportunity to announce,” the editors wrote in a note, “that M. Yu. Lermontov will soon publish a collection of his stories, both printed and not printed. It will be a new, wonderful gift to Russian literature.” In February 1840, "Taman" appeared in the same magazine; at that time, work on the novel was already completed: on February 19, the censor allowed the publication of a separate edition - “A Hero of Our Time. Composition by M. Lermontov, part I and part II.
A person cannot understand himself until he determines the purpose of his life and human existence in general. "Pechorin's Journal" is filled with thoughts about the meaning, about the relationship between the individual and society, about the place of a person in a series of generations, about his role in the history of mankind. In A Hero of Our Time, this theme is compositionally completed by the chapter Fatalist, which is saturated with philosophical problems: both social and psychological issues in it are comprehended from philosophical positions.
Pechorin's main character trait is self-knowledge. He constantly
He analyzes his thoughts, actions, desires, likes and dislikes, trying to reveal the roots of good and evil in one person: “I sometimes despise myself, ... is it because I despise others ...”, “evil breeds evil”, “What is happiness? ... if everyone loved me, I would find an endless source of love in myself. There is no true personality without depth of introspection. But this quality in Pechorin is exaggerated. Not being able to realize himself in the present case, not having "guessed" his "purpose", he directed all the "immense forces" of his soul to self-knowledge. And this disfigures the soul of Pechorin, distorts the development of the personality. He insistently returns to the idea of the deformity of his own psyche. He spoke, a little flirtatiously, to Princess Mary about the two halves of his soul. The same thought in a conversation with Werner before the duel is expressed much more clearly and harshly, without a hint of romantic undertakings: “There are two people in me: one lives in the full sense of the word, the other thinks and judges him.”
To understand the image of Pechorin, it is important to compare his two self-characteristics. One is extremely romantic: “I am like a sailor, born and raised on the deck of a robber brig; his soul has become accustomed to storms and battles, and, thrown ashore, he is bored and languishing, no matter how beckoning his shady grove, no matter how the peaceful sun shines on him ... ”This is how he explains his rejection of the“ quiet joys ”of marriage with Princess Mary, his inability to find family happiness under the "peaceful sun". But everything is much more complicated: summing up the results of life on the night before the duel, Pechorin said harshly and definitely about himself: “I am like a person yawning at a ball who does not go to bed just because his carriage is not yet there.” And both of these characteristics are true! For "a man yawning at a ball" could not appear from nowhere, could not appear from scratch. The soul, akin to storms and battles, cannot but yearn in the monotonous secular living rooms, from which it is possible to escape only into death. “After this, is it worth the trouble to live? but you still live - out of curiosity ... ”This“ curiosity ”is the main core of his life; it is no coincidence that on the way to the duel, Pechorin, in a conversation with Werner, will return to this thought: “I weigh, analyze my own passions and actions with strict curiosity, but without participation.”
This curiosity has nothing to do with the curiosity of an idle onlooker, it pushes Pechorin to interfere in the life of "honest smugglers", endlessly experience the love of Vera and Werner's friendship, seek love
Mary, to play a deadly game with Grushnitsky on the edge of the abyss... He tests his fate all the time. What for? Why did he accept Vulich's wager, why did he break into the hut where the drunken Cossack murderer locked himself up?
Fatalist answers all these questions. The dispute about predestination, with which this chapter begins, is the most important, central issue of life for Pechorin. It is clearly and unambiguously formulated: “And if there is definitely predestination, then why are we given will, reason?” That's what torments Pechorin, that's what makes him turn life into a chain of experiments on himself AND those around him! Obsessively, obsessively, a ghost stands before him: he plays the unworthy role of "an ax in the hands of fate"! Is this role determined for him from above or does he take it on himself? Therefore, Pechorin accepts Vulich's bet; it is important for him to make sure whether his participation will decide the fate of Vulich, whether his intervention will destroy him?
But that's the trouble, that no experiments will give a final answer to questions about the meaning of being. Only faith can give confidence. And the deep faith of the ancestors was lost in the age of Pechorin. The faith of the fathers gave a person self-confidence, gave firm moral guidelines, spiritual ideals, but deprived him of inner freedom, took away the right to make independent decisions. A person who renounces this faith gains freedom, and for Pechorin, personal freedom is the highest good: “I will put my life at stake twenty times, but I will not sell my freedom.” But this freedom turns out to be the only thing that can be valued in the world at all by a person who feels like a grain of sand, on whose will nothing depends, whose life and death will not change anything.
So Lermontov's loneliness of attitude is melted into the loneliness of Pechorin, and Lermontov's homelessness - into Pechorin's craving for the destruction of the House. Faith is necessary for creation, and there is no place for faith in the divided consciousness of the “hero of our time”.
Solve the test Test based on the novel by M.Yu. Lermontov "A Hero of Our Time". Chapter "Fatalist" 1. Indicate Vulich's most passionate hobby. a) drink wine b) court girls c) collect weapons d) play cards 2. What card did Pechorin throw at the moment when Vulich shot himself in the forehead? a) the ace of hearts b) the queen of spades c) the seven of the crosses d) the king of diamonds 3. What animal was the drunken Cossack chasing? a) a dog b) a pig c) a horse d) a cow 4. What did Vulich aim at and shoot with the second shot? a) a window b) a cap c) a carpet d) a lamp 5. What weapon killed Vulich? a) a pistol b) a saber c) a sword d) a gun 6. Who offered Vulich a bet? A) Major b) Yesaul c) Pechorin d) Sergeant 7. What did Vulich say before his death? A) "You can't run away from fate!" B) “We are all mortal!” C) "Life is over!" D) He's right! 8. Why did the officers stay up late at the major's? a) they played cards b) they drank wine c) they had an entertaining conversation d) they listened to the stories of Vulich 9. Indicate the nationality of Vulich a) Czech b) Hungarian c) Serb d) Bulgarian “I was sitting on a thick log, leaning on my knees and supporting my head with my hands…” a) wife b) mother c) daughter d) sister 11. Where did the drunken Cossack hide himself? a) in the hut b) in the barn c) in the stable d) in the barracks 12. Who saw the imprint of imminent death on Vulich's face? a) captain b) major c) Pechorin d) drunken Cossack 13. What did Pechorin think about on the way home? a) about relatives B) about the stars in the sky c) about bad weather d) about love 14. Why is the last story of the novel "The Fatalist"? a) because it chronologically completes the plot; b) because the transfer of the action to the Caucasian aul creates a circular composition; c) because it is in the Fatalist that the main problems for Pechorin are posed and solved: about free will, fate, predestination.
"The Fatalist" is the final story of Lermontov's novel "". The action of the story "The Fatalist" takes place near the Cossack village, where he lived for two weeks.
The main occupation of the officers was playing cards. One day, a dispute broke out between them about human destiny and the role of man in it. One of the officers told those present summary one of the Muslim parables that the fate of any person is predetermined by heaven and that a person is not the master of his own fate. Many agreed with this. But there was Lieutenant Vulich among those present, a rather quick-tempered and brave man. He proposed to test in practice the judgment about the predestination of a person's fate. Vulich said that if everything was already decided, then a pistol shot would not kill him. The lieutenant offered a bet. The only one who agreed was Pechorin.
Vulich grabbed the first pistol that came across, loaded it and fired, putting it to his temple. The gun misfired. At that moment, Pechorin noticed death on the lieutenant's face and said that he would certainly die today. The next shot made a huge hole in the hat hanging on the wall. Thereafter main character I began to doubt my predictions. Later, everyone disperses. On the way home, Pechorin still believes in his words to Vulich. On one of the streets, he stumbles over the carcass of a butchered pig. People on the street were looking for some drunken Cossack who was chasing an animal. In the morning, Pechorin is brought the news that Vulich has been hacked to death by that drunken Cossack.
Pechorin was a fatalist by nature. When the opportunity fell, he also decided to try his fate. The murderer of Vulich locked himself in one of the houses on the outskirts of the village. At the moment when he was distracted, Pechorin climbed through the window. The Cossack began to shoot back, but the main character managed to remain unharmed and disarm the killer.
Returning to the fortress, Pechorin told this story. To this he replied that this often happens with pistols. Later he adds that, most likely, such a fate was written in Vulich's family.