Tests of syntactic norms. Tests syntactic norms Those who oppose themselves
Your result
Task 1
(1 2 3 ) <…>
Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
- When learning new words, a person experiences pleasant emotions, which is due, according to scientists, to the action of the striatum - an important part of the brain that reinforces the motivation to consolidate new material.
- During experiments, scientists discovered that the striatum (striatum) is an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation.
- Scientists were able to prove that the striatum has no relation to language function, since it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them - for this there are special structures in the cerebral cortex linguistic centers.
- Learning new words, according to scientists, stimulates the activity of an important part of the brain - the striatum, which reinforces the motivation to learn a language with pleasant emotions.
- Having studied the data obtained by scientists during experiments, it can be assumed that the pleasure of mastering new words was the reason that humanity learned to use speech.
Task 2
(1 ) During the experiments, scientists found that learning new words stimulates the activity of the striatum (striatum), an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation. ( 2 ) The striatum itself is not directly related to the language function: it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them; for this there are special linguistic centers in the cerebral cortex. ( 3 ) <…>it reinforces the motivation to learn a language by responding to linguistic efforts with a feeling of pleasure: pleasant emotions help to remember new material.
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
- Secondly,
- However
- At first
- For example,
Task 3
(1 ) During the experiments, scientists found that learning new words stimulates the activity of the striatum (striatum), an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation. ( 2 ) The striatum itself is not directly related to the language function: it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them; for this there are special linguistic centers in the cerebral cortex. ( 3 ) <…>it reinforces the motivation to learn a language by responding to linguistic efforts with a feeling of pleasure: pleasant emotions help to remember new material.
Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word CENTER. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
CENTER,-a, m.
- Point at geometric figure having some kind of only its inherent property and usually obtained by the intersection of lines, axes, planes. C. circle. C. gravity.
- Central part city, big settlement. Live in the center. Apartment in the center. Go to the center for shopping. Tram line from the new area to the center.
- A city with administrative, industrial and other institutions. Industrial centers countries. Regional, district center Administrative c. areas.
- Higher governing body.Directives of the center.
- A group of nerve cells that regulate something. body function (special). Motor centers. Respiratory c.
- The dominant leading institution. areas. Cardiological c. Narcological c. Television c. Cosmonaut training center. Flight control center.
Task 4
In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
- b A nts
- knowledgeable AND sew
- removed A
- make it easier AND T
- there ABOUT life
Task 5
One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
- Leonid Ivanovich stood up abruptly and looked at his interlocutor with a look filled with ICY arrogance.
- In spring, ROOT shoots should be inspected and cut out at the very base.
- Parents have collected a WHOLE library about hang gliding.
- S.Ya. Marshak was partial to gifted people and intolerant of idlers.
- At the evening I read by heart an EXTRACT from the poem by A.S. Pushkin "Ruslan and Lyudmila".
Task 6
In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
- one hundred and sixty kilometers
- sing louder
- wider than your shoulders
- DRINKING WITH MILK
- most CALM
Task 7
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMAR ERRORS |
OFFERS |
|
A) violation in the construction of sentences with participial phrase |
1) I was entrusted main role in the school play "Don Quixote". |
|
B) violation in the construction of sentences with homogeneous members |
2) Those who oppose themselves to society are doomed to loneliness. |
|
C) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application |
3) Upon arrival in Moscow, the artist gave a press conference. |
|
D) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate |
4) Studying folklore, the composer created beautiful lyrical works. |
|
D) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrase |
5) Household items in the prose of A.P. Chekhov's works not only carry an ethical meaning, but also become the most important elements of style. |
|
6) I read this work by Vasil Bykov in the summer, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. |
||
7) Many who have been to Pereyaslavl know that this is a city younger than Rostov, but its history is rooted in the deep past. |
||
8) The walk, which promised us so much pleasure, did not present anything interesting. |
||
9) One autumn day, the forest, refreshed by the cold air, seemed to become younger, sparkling with gold leaves and a reddish network of birch branches. |
Task 8
Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
- acc..manage
- theoretical
- pl..vets
- looked around (in the sun)
- collectible
Task 9
Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
- from..took, etc..tongue
- heater, and... oven,
- rose..sk, s..zmala
- priceless, in.. dozed
- pr..call, pr..angry
Task 10
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.
- caring
- sign off
- forgetful
- helpful
- almonds...
Task 11
Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
- twisted
- tie...sew
- you'll be delayed
- seen
- built-in
Task 12
Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.
- Joy (NOT) SHARED with intimate friends is not joy.
- A few minutes later Margarita entered an (UN)LIGHTED room, in which only a narrow path from the moon shone silver.
- Peter I (NOT) AFRAID to move the capital closer to Western Europe, change the costume of Russian people, change many customs.
- In the spring there were also storms, but the wind then blew (NOT) COLD, but warm and gentle.
- N.M. Karamzin knew that the origin and meaning of the word “Kolomna” was (UN)CLEAR, and decided to compose a legend, which he outlined in a letter.
Task 13
Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
- You can build houses on the banks of rivers, but (ON) condition that the water remains clean.
- (WHEN) SEEING the morning beauty of the autumn forest, my heart sank; (WHEN) MEETING us a light breeze blew, the tops of the trees swayed slightly.
- Supporting a person in trouble with a kind word can be AS important as (IN) TIME changing the switch on the railroad track.
- (B) FOLLOWING the barge are wide longboats with low sides, (TO) THE TOP loaded with watermelons.
- (DUE) TO illness, I was not at school for two months and (B) AS A CONSEQUENCE, I fell very behind.
Task 14
Indicate all the numbers in whose place NN is written.
Reasons( 1 )about-consequence( 2 ) relationships are not so easy to establish. Often bright, but secondary( 3 )these facts are interpreted as the reason, and the underlying( 4 ) another, but more “modestly dressed” reason is pushed aside( 5 ) and to the background.
Task 15
Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
- Every person has strength and weakness, courage and fear, firmness and hesitation.
- The transparent mermaids stopped their round dance over the river and waved to Margarita, and their greetings moaned over the deserted greenish shore.
- Sticky fish scales litter the wooden piers and pavement stones and the blue waters of the bay.
- Neither fields nor telegraph poles are visible behind the snowy fog.
- We walked towards the sea and soon found ourselves on a rocky ledge above an abyss.
Task 16
During the time of A.S. Pushkin Picture Gallery of the Hermitage ( 1 ) located on the middle floors ( 2 ) two adjacent to the Winter Palace ( 3 ) buildings ( 4 ) occupied about forty halls.
Task 17
Must be ( 1 ) the wind penetrates through imperceptible cracks into the empty dacha, but from afar ( 2 ) Seems ( 3 ) that someone is lifting the curtain and watching you carefully.
Task 18
Place punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.
Immortal Greek tradition ( 1 ) main feature ( 2 ) which ( 3 ) is inextricably linked with deep interest in a person ( 4 ) was adopted by ancient Russian masters.
Task 19
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
It rained in the mountains ( 1 ) And ( 2 ) if the bridge across the river is torn down ( 3 ) then geologists will have to wait for the water to completely subside ( 4 ) to get to the base.
Task 20
Read the text
(According to S. Salnikov*)
*Sergey Salnikov
Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
- The whales were caught between ice ridges and the rocky shores of Cape Barrow as a result of the early arrival of winter.
- Both ships had inexperienced captains who did not know that whales trust people and understand their actions.
- The crew of the Far Eastern Shipping Company icebreaker “Admiral Makarov” had to participate in the rescue of whales even before 1988.
- The flagship icebreaker of the Far Eastern Shipping Company, Admiral Makarov, managed to break through the thick ice that had pinned several California gray whales to the shores of Alaska.
- In California, a monument was erected to the captains of the ships that saved gray whales near Cape Barrow in 1988.
Task 21
Read the text
(1) This happened a long time ago, in the fall of 1988, when unexpectedly early, having confused the calendar, winter came. (2) Huge, thick ice covered the northern seas and pressed several California gray whales to the shores of Alaska. (3) The animals rushed about on a narrow strip of clear water between ice hummocks and the rocky shores of Cape Barrow. (4) Every day the strip of water became smaller and smaller, and the whales had to die. (5) Residents of the village watched the whales from the shore, but they could not help them: there were no icebreakers capable of breaking such ice and breaking through waterway for dying marine animals.
(6) Help came from a country that then had the most powerful icebreaker fleet in the world. (7) The flagship icebreaker of the Far Eastern Shipping Company “Admiral Makarov” and the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” rushed to the rescue.
(8) At dawn we approached the ice patch, huge fields of ice stretching almost to the very shore, and there, in front, behind these ice piles, pressed against the rocky shores, whales were dying.
(9) The first to break the ice was a beautiful icebreaker, capable of breaking even the most powerful pack hummocks, followed by a diesel-electric ship. (10) Both ships have experienced polar captains who have been working in the Arctic for many years. (11) Calm commands, verified, clear decisions, impeccable execution. (12) Here everyone understands each other almost without words.
(13) The work ahead was difficult. (14) It was not difficult for these giants to break through such ice, but how could they exactly reach the whales that were rushing about on a narrow strip of free water. (15) How to force them to go through the broken passage, believing people? (16) How to prevent the ice from closing again, burying animals underneath?
(17) These sea wolves did not have such maritime practice. (18) Just a week ago they went to the Arctic to help dying cargo ships and successfully saved people, ships, and cargo. (19) That was part of their usual heroic work, but here are whales who are afraid of man and do not understand his actions. (20) You cannot tell them: “Follow me, I will lead you to salvation, clean water ice-free." (21) You won’t convince them that you are a rescuer and not a whaler.
(22) But these stern, taciturn people, who had looked danger into the eyes many times, did the incredible and led the sea giants into the sea. (23) The whales went on their endless voyage, forgetting to tell the kind and brave people thank you, and the brave polar explorers again went past Cape Dezhnev to our northern seas, where another steamer was waiting for their help. (24) Their usual work was there - to guide merchant ships through polar ice, because without these ships and their cargo it is impossible to maintain life in the Far North of our country. (25) Because a huge power must stand firmly on these cold and distant shores, where wonderful and brave people live.
(26) Now in Vladivostok, in a wonderful place overlooking the Amur Bay, there is a monument to the rescued whales; it was brought to us as a gift from America. (27) And the former captain of the icebreaker “Admiral Makarov” Sergei Fedorovich Reshetov can come here and remember that dear and amazing time, and perhaps meet here his colleague, captain of the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” Ruslan Zainigabdinov and other brave, modest, and the remaining unknown participants of that ice epic.
(According to S. Salnikov*)
*Sergey Salnikov(born in 1949) - modern writer, publicist.
Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.
- Sentences 1-3 present the reasoning.
- Proposition 7 explains the content of sentence 6.
- Sentences 13-16 contain reasoning.
- Sentences 17-18 provide a description.
- Sentences 22-23 contain a narrative with descriptive elements.
Task 22
Read the text
(1) This happened a long time ago, in the fall of 1988, when unexpectedly early, having confused the calendar, winter came. (2) Huge, thick ice covered the northern seas and pressed several California gray whales to the shores of Alaska. (3) The animals rushed about on a narrow strip of clear water between ice hummocks and the rocky shores of Cape Barrow. (4) Every day the strip of water became smaller and smaller, and the whales had to die. (5) Residents of the village watched the whales from the shore, but they could not help them: there were no icebreakers capable of breaking such ice and creating a waterway for the dying sea animals.
(6) Help came from a country that then had the most powerful icebreaker fleet in the world. (7) The flagship icebreaker of the Far Eastern Shipping Company “Admiral Makarov” and the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” rushed to the rescue.
(8) At dawn we approached the ice patch, huge fields of ice stretching almost to the very shore, and there, in front, behind these ice piles, pressed against the rocky shores, whales were dying.
(9) The first to break the ice was a beautiful icebreaker, capable of breaking even the most powerful pack hummocks, followed by a diesel-electric ship. (10) Both ships have experienced polar captains who have been working in the Arctic for many years. (11) Calm commands, verified, clear decisions, impeccable execution. (12) Here everyone understands each other almost without words.
(13) The work ahead was difficult. (14) It was not difficult for these giants to break through such ice, but how could they exactly reach the whales that were rushing about on a narrow strip of free water. (15) How to force them to go through the broken passage, believing people? (16) How to prevent the ice from closing again, burying animals underneath?
(17) These sea wolves did not have such maritime practice. (18) Just a week ago they went to the Arctic to help dying cargo ships and successfully saved people, ships, and cargo. (19) That was part of their usual heroic work, but here are whales who are afraid of man and do not understand his actions. (20) You cannot tell them: “Follow me, I will lead you to salvation, to clean water, free of ice.” (21) You won’t convince them that you are a rescuer and not a whaler.
(22) But these stern, taciturn people, who had looked danger into the eyes many times, did the incredible and led the sea giants into the sea. (23) The whales went on their endless voyage, forgetting to say thank you to the kind and brave people, and the brave polar explorers again went past Cape Dezhnev to our northern seas, where another steamer was waiting for their help. (24) Their usual job was to guide merchant ships through the polar ice, because without these ships and their cargo it is impossible to maintain life in the Far North of our country. (25) Because a huge power must stand firmly on these cold and distant shores, where wonderful and brave people live.
(26) Now in Vladivostok, in a wonderful place overlooking the Amur Bay, there is a monument to the rescued whales; it was brought to us as a gift from America. (27) And the former captain of the icebreaker “Admiral Makarov” Sergei Fedorovich Reshetov can come here and remember that dear and amazing time, and perhaps meet here his colleague, captain of the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” Ruslan Zainigabdinov and other brave, modest, and the remaining unknown participants of that ice epic.
(According to S. Salnikov*)
*Sergey Salnikov(born in 1949) - modern writer, publicist.
From sentence 23, write down synonyms (synonymous pair).
Task 23
Read the text
(1) This happened a long time ago, in the fall of 1988, when unexpectedly early, having confused the calendar, winter came. (2) Huge, thick ice covered the northern seas and pressed several California gray whales to the shores of Alaska. (3) The animals rushed about on a narrow strip of clear water between ice hummocks and the rocky shores of Cape Barrow. (4) Every day the strip of water became smaller and smaller, and the whales had to die. (5) Residents of the village watched the whales from the shore, but they could not help them: there were no icebreakers capable of breaking such ice and creating a waterway for the dying sea animals.
(6) Help came from a country that then had the most powerful icebreaker fleet in the world. (7) The flagship icebreaker of the Far Eastern Shipping Company “Admiral Makarov” and the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” rushed to the rescue.
(8) At dawn we approached the ice patch, huge fields of ice stretching almost to the very shore, and there, in front, behind these ice piles, pressed against the rocky shores, whales were dying.
(9) The first to break the ice was a beautiful icebreaker, capable of breaking even the most powerful pack hummocks, followed by a diesel-electric ship. (10) Both ships have experienced polar captains who have been working in the Arctic for many years. (11) Calm commands, verified, clear decisions, impeccable execution. (12) Here everyone understands each other almost without words.
(13) The work ahead was difficult. (14) It was not difficult for these giants to break through such ice, but how could they exactly reach the whales that were rushing about on a narrow strip of free water. (15) How to force them to go through the broken passage, believing people? (16) How to prevent the ice from closing again, burying animals underneath?
(17) These sea wolves did not have such maritime practice. (18) Just a week ago they went to the Arctic to help dying cargo ships and successfully saved people, ships, and cargo. (19) That was part of their usual heroic work, but here are whales who are afraid of man and do not understand his actions. (20) You cannot tell them: “Follow me, I will lead you to salvation, to clean water, free of ice.” (21) You won’t convince them that you are a rescuer and not a whaler.
(22) But these stern, taciturn people, who had looked danger into the eyes many times, did the incredible and led the sea giants into the sea. (23) The whales went on their endless voyage, forgetting to say thank you to the kind and brave people, and the brave polar explorers again went past Cape Dezhnev to our northern seas, where another steamer was waiting for their help. (24) Their usual job was to guide merchant ships through the polar ice, because without these ships and their cargo it is impossible to maintain life in the Far North of our country. (25) Because a huge power must stand firmly on these cold and distant shores, where wonderful and brave people live.
(26) Now in Vladivostok, in a wonderful place overlooking the Amur Bay, there is a monument to the rescued whales; it was brought to us as a gift from America. (27) And the former captain of the icebreaker “Admiral Makarov” Sergei Fedorovich Reshetov can come here and remember that dear and amazing time, and perhaps meet here his colleague, captain of the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” Ruslan Zainigabdinov and other brave, modest, and the remaining unknown participants of that ice epic.
(According to S. Salnikov*)
*Sergey Salnikov(born in 1949) - modern writer, publicist.
Among sentences 17-23, find one that is connected to the previous one using a demonstrative pronoun and word forms. Write the number of this offer.
Task 24
Read the text
(1) This happened a long time ago, in the fall of 1988, when unexpectedly early, having confused the calendar, winter came. (2) Huge, thick ice covered the northern seas and pressed several California gray whales to the shores of Alaska. (3) The animals rushed about on a narrow strip of clear water between ice hummocks and the rocky shores of Cape Barrow. (4) Every day the strip of water became smaller and smaller, and the whales had to die. (5) Residents of the village watched the whales from the shore, but they could not help them: there were no icebreakers capable of breaking such ice and creating a waterway for the dying sea animals.
(6) Help came from a country that then had the most powerful icebreaker fleet in the world. (7) The flagship icebreaker of the Far Eastern Shipping Company “Admiral Makarov” and the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” rushed to the rescue.
(8) At dawn we approached the ice patch, huge fields of ice stretching almost to the very shore, and there, in front, behind these ice piles, pressed against the rocky shores, whales were dying.
(9) The first to break the ice was a beautiful icebreaker, capable of breaking even the most powerful pack hummocks, followed by a diesel-electric ship. (10) Both ships have experienced polar captains who have been working in the Arctic for many years. (11) Calm commands, verified, clear decisions, impeccable execution. (12) Here everyone understands each other almost without words.
(13) The work ahead was difficult. (14) It was not difficult for these giants to break through such ice, but how could they exactly reach the whales that were rushing about on a narrow strip of free water. (15) How to force them to go through the broken passage, believing people? (16) How to prevent the ice from closing again, burying animals underneath?
(17) These sea wolves did not have such maritime practice. (18) Just a week ago they went to the Arctic to help dying cargo ships and successfully saved people, ships, and cargo. (19) That was part of their usual heroic work, but here are whales who are afraid of man and do not understand his actions. (20) You cannot tell them: “Follow me, I will lead you to salvation, to clean water, free of ice.” (21) You won’t convince them that you are a rescuer and not a whaler.
(22) But these stern, taciturn people, who had looked danger into the eyes many times, did the incredible and led the sea giants into the sea. (23) The whales went on their endless voyage, forgetting to say thank you to the kind and brave people, and the brave polar explorers again went past Cape Dezhnev to our northern seas, where another steamer was waiting for their help. (24) Their usual job was to guide merchant ships through the polar ice, because without these ships and their cargo it is impossible to maintain life in the Far North of our country. (25) Because a huge power must stand firmly on these cold and distant shores, where wonderful and brave people live.
(26) Now in Vladivostok, in a wonderful place overlooking the Amur Bay, there is a monument to the rescued whales; it was brought to us as a gift from America. (27) And the former captain of the icebreaker “Admiral Makarov” Sergei Fedorovich Reshetov can come here and remember that dear and amazing time, and perhaps meet here his colleague, captain of the diesel-electric ship “Vladimir Arsenyev” Ruslan Zainigabdinov and other brave, modest, and the remaining unknown participants of that ice epic.
(According to S. Salnikov*)
*Sergey Salnikov(born in 1949) - modern writer, publicist.
Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20-23. This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write down the numbers corresponding to the letters in order.
“The syntactic device helps the author to describe the complexity of the situation in which the sailors who came to the aid of the whales found themselves - _____( A) (sentences 14-16). Characterizing the personalities of Arctic sailors and emphasizing the features of their daily work, S. Salnikov uses a lexical means of expressiveness - _____( B) (“sea wolves” in sentence 17), syntactic means - _____( IN) (in sentence 18), as well as the trope - _____( G) (“heroic work” in sentence 19, “brave polar explorers” in sentence 23).”
List of terms:
- comparison;
- epithet;
- personification;
- phraseology;
- exclamatory sentences;
- interrogative sentences;
- rows of homogeneous members;
- irony;
- dialogue.
Task 25
The final assignment requires you to write an essay on a given topic. Our service cannot check essays automatically. We suggest indicating the score you received for writing an essay in school or on a practice test. This way the test result will be closer to the real result.
PREPARATION FOR THE Unified State Examination in the RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. Part 1. Option No. 3 The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers. Write the answer to the right of the assignment number without spaces, commas or other additional characters. Genetic engineering is a direction modern science, which is based on the transfer of the necessary genes from living organisms of one species to organisms of another species, often very distant in origin. (2) So, _____ was able to be integrated into the genotype bacterial cell genes encoding such an important protein as interferon. (3) Interferon is formed in human blood leukocytes in response to a viral infection and provides protection to the human body from viruses. 1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences. 1. Using genetic engineering, based on the transfer of the necessary genes from one type of living organism to another, scientists managed to integrate into the genotype of a bacterial cell genes encoding interferon, which provides protection for the human body from viruses. 2. Genetic scientists managed to exclude interferon from the cell genotype, thereby ensuring human protection from colds. 3. Genes that encode interferon, an important protein that protects human body from viruses, geneticists managed to integrate it into the genotype of a bacterial cell, which became possible thanks to modern advances in the field of genetic engineering. 4. With the help of genetic engineering, which is based on cell selection, scientists managed to obtain such an important protein as interferon, which reduces the number of leukocytes in the blood. 5. Genetic engineering is a branch of modern science that is based on the artificial breeding of genes. Answer: ___________________________ 2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words). at least despite this, for example, secondly, Answer: ___________________________ 3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word PROVIDE. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry. PROVIDE, chu, chish; honored; owls 1. someonewhat than. Provide something in the right quantity. O. raw materials. O. farm equipment. 2. someone or something. Provide sufficient material means of living. O. your family. Prosperous old age. 3. what. Make it completely possible, valid, realistically doable. O. success. 4. someone or something from someone or something. To protect, to protect (obsolete). O. person from poverty. Answer: ___________________________ 4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted INCORRECTLY. Write this word down. KITCHEN ACCOUNTANTS put the curved one more beautifully Answer: ___________________________ 5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly. The holding of the Formula 1 stage was in doubt even a week before the start of the RACING tournament. On the birthday of the outstanding pianist, the most famous concert works will be performed in a program called “Romanticism from SUNRISE to Sunset”. All machines issuing SUBSCRIPTIONS for train passengers are marked with special posters. The skiers left the hunting lodge and involuntarily closed their eyes from the intolerable shine that filled the clearing. Answer: ___________________________ 6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly. rose higher HIGHER GO forward FOUR sleighs LET'S TRY to solve there is no TIME Answer: ___________________________ 7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and those admitted in them grammatical errors: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column. GRAMMARICAL SENTENCE ERRORS A) violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial phrase B) error in the construction of a complex sentence violation in the construction of a sentence with a violation of the connection between the subject and C) inconsistent application D) predicate E) homogeneous members error in the construction of a sentence with 1) I wanted to know , how to grow primroses and care for them. 2) Each programmer is assigned to a specific computer that monitors its status. 3) According to the plan, as a final work we wrote a review of a recently read book. 4) The encyclopedia “Lives of Remarkable People” contains many interesting biographies. 5) In March, those who had reached the age of 18 participated in the elections of the President of the Russian Federation. 6) I like the room because it is bright, large, and clean. 7) I was entrusted with the main role in the school play “Don Quixote”. 8) Mom always scolds me for throwing my things around. 9) Studying folklore, the composer created beautiful lyrical works. . Write the answer in numbers without spaces or other signs A D D B C Answer: ___________________________ 8. Identify the word in which the unstressed root vowel being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter. conscious..to warm up..to warm up to manage..ment to lay out..to lay down..to answer: ___________________________ 9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter. in..splash, ra..move pr..crowded, pr..combed from..bent, posed..covered with..gral, disinfection..infection predicted..said, o..gave Answer: ___________________________ 10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank space. Lukov…tsa be upset book…tsa bell…to the key..k Answer: ___________________________ 11. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank space. bor..shsya man ..sh believe..sh hear..my meaning..my Answer: ___________________________ 12. Determine the sentence in which NOT is written CONTINUOUSLY with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word. We were left in (NOT) BELIEF when the strange guest suddenly left. Impossible to master higher mathematics , (NOT)KNOWING elementary mathematical concepts. We cannot allow any (UN)JUSTIFIED denial of what is new in science. The heroine was (NOT)DESTED to connect her life with the life of her loved one. When Arthur got out to the opposite bank, he found himself at a sheep pen he had previously (NOT) NOTICED. Answer: ___________________________ 13. Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words. In response to compelling arguments, the doctor agreed to be my second; I gave him the SAME (SAME) several instructions (ON) ACCOUNTING the conditions of the fight. (B) DURING the day M.V. Lomonosov observed the passage of Venus across the solar disk and (B) CONSEQUENCES published his findings in a special work. (B) AS A CONSEQUENCE of the fact that the work of electrical potential forces does not depend on the shape of the path of a single charge, the SAME voltage appears on each of the parallel-connected conductors. There is no way to see the figure of the prodigal son in the picture, his face is almost invisible, but (B) FOLLOWING him we mentally fall to our knees and experience the same meeting with the father as the returning son. (B) DURING the whole of June, strawberries are harvested, and (B) LATER, in July, raspberries. Answer: ___________________________ 14. Indicate all the numbers in whose place N is written. On the writing table (1) there is a manuscript of the story “The Old Woman”, a leather (2) folder for papers, a silver (3) pad with the monogram “I.B.” .”, heavy glass (4) inkwell with a copper lid. Answer: ___________________________ 15. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma. 1) In 1856, in the German city of Karlsruhe, the first edition of the poem “The Demon” by the former lieutenant of the Tenginsky regiment M.Yu. Lermontov and in the same year in Omsk in the family of the staff captain of the same Tengin infantry regiment A.M. Vrubel had a son - the future artist Mikhail Vrubel. 2) Many paintings by I.K. Aivazovsky are perceived as musical or poetic improvisations. 3) Story by E.I. Zamyatin's "In the Middle East" is full of love and compassion for his compatriots and expresses a protest against social conditions. 4) With the poets of the Decembrists of the composer A.A. Alyabyev was connected by both common views and many circumstances of life and difficult personal fate. 5) Here the sources of rivers and springs and groves and oak forests have become protected. in each room Answer: ___________________________ 16. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers in the place of which there should be commas in the sentence. A young falcon (1) unexpectedly high (2) soaring above the plain (3) disappeared from the summer sky (4) outlining the space above the horizon. Answer: ___________________________ 17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in sentences. Almost like statues. In sculpture, each side of the figure (3) without a doubt (4) has its own special expression, which must be captured by peering at the creation from all sides. Answer: ___________________________ 18. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. Thunder struck (1) the rumbles (2) of which reminded me (3) of the sound of a terrible earthquake. Answer: ___________________________ 19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence. It is well known (1) that (2) if an athlete does not train regularly (3) then (4) no matter how hard he tries (5) he will not achieve good results. Answer: ___________________________ you will probably see the museum (1) (2) Read the text and complete tasks 20–25. (1) Tenderness is the most meek, timid, divine face of love. (2) Love is passion - always with an eye on yourself. (3) She wants to conquer, seduce, she wants to please, she preens herself, puts her hands on her hips, measures, and is always afraid of missing out on what she has lost. (4) Love, tenderness gives everything, and there is no limit to it. (5) And she will never look back at herself, because “she is not looking for her own.” (6) She’s the only one who’s not looking. (7) But one should not think that a feeling of tenderness degrades a person. (8)On the contrary. (9) Tenderness comes from above, it takes care of the beloved, protects, takes care of him. (10) But only a defenseless creature in need of care can be looked after and protected, therefore words of tenderness are diminutive words, going from the strong to the weak. (11) Tenderness is rare and increasingly rare. (12) Modern life is difficult and complex. (13) Modern man, even in love, strives first of all to establish his personality. (14) Love is a martial arts. - (15) Yeah! (16) Love? (17) Well, okay. (18) Roll up your sleeves, straighten your shoulders - well, who will win? (19) Is there any tenderness here? (20) And who to protect, who to pity - all are well done and heroes. (21) He who knows tenderness is marked. (22) In the minds of many, tenderness is always depicted in the form of a meek woman bending towards the head of the bed. (23) No, that’s not where you need to look for tenderness. (24) I saw her differently: in forms that were not at all poetic, in simple, even funny ones. (25) We lived in a sanatorium near Paris. (26) We walked, ate, listened to the radio, played bridge, and gossiped. (27) There was only one real patient - a feisty old man recovering from typhus. (28) The old man often sat on the terrace in a chaise lounge, covered with pillows, wrapped in blankets, pale, bearded, always silent and, if anyone passed by, he turned away and closed his eyes. (29) His wife hovered around the old man, like a trembling bird. (30) The woman is middle-aged, dry, light, with a faded face and alarmingly happy eyes. (31) And she never sat quietly. (32) I kept correcting something around my patient. (33) Now she turned over the newspaper, now she fluffed the pillow, now she tucked in the blanket, now she ran to warm the milk, now she dripped medicine. (34) The old man accepted all these services with obvious disgust. (35) Every morning, with a newspaper in her hands, she rushed from table to table, talked friendly with everyone and asked: “Maybe you can help me?” (36) Here is a crossword puzzle: “What happens in a residential building?” (37) Four letters. (38) I write it down on a piece of paper to help Sergei Sergeevich. (39) He always solves crosswords, and if he gets stuck, I come to his aid. (40) After all, this is his only entertainment. (41) Patients are like children. (42) I’m so glad that at least this amuses him. (43) They pitied her and treated her with great sympathy. (44) And somehow he crawled out onto the terrace earlier than usual. (45) She sat him down for a long time, covered him with blankets, and propped up pillows. (46) He winced and angrily pushed her hand away if she did not immediately guess his wishes. (47) She, shivering joyfully, grabbed the newspaper. – (48) Here, Serezhenka, today it seems like a very interesting crossword puzzle. (49) He suddenly raised his head, rolled out his angry yellow eyes and began to shake all over. – (50) Finally, get to hell with your idiotic crossword puzzles! – he hissed furiously. (51) She turned pale and seemed to sag all over. “(52) But you...,” she babbled in confusion. - (53) After all, you were always interested... - (54) I was never interested! – he kept shaking and hissing, looking with animal pleasure at her pale, desperate face. – (55) Never! (56) It was you who climbed with the tenacity of the degenerate that you are! (57) She didn’t answer anything. (58) She just swallowed air with difficulty, pressed her hands tightly to her chest and looked around with such pain and such despair, as if she was looking for help. (59) But who can take such a funny and stupid grief seriously? (60) Only a little boy, sitting at the next table and seeing this scene, suddenly closed his eyes and cried bitterly. (According to N.A. Teffi*) * Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Teffi (1872–1952) - Russian writer, poet, memoirist and translator. 20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers. 1) Love and passion ennobles a person, makes him be caring, gentle, attentive. 2) It cannot be said that a feeling of tenderness degrades a person. 3) Tenderness is presented to the author in the image of a woman bending towards the head of the bed. 4) Tenderness is often found in our lives; it helps a person to establish his personality. 5) The rudeness of the sick husband offended and upset his caring, gentle and attentive wife. Answer: ___________________________ 21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers. 1) Sentences 7–10 contain reasoning. 2) Sentences 11–14 present the narrative. 3) Sentence 30 provides a description. 4) Sentences 44–45 present the narrative. 5) Sentences 57–58 contain reasoning. Answer: ___________________________ 22. From sentences 5–10, write down antonyms (antonymous pair). Answer: ___________________________ 23. Among sentences 28–34, find one that is connected to the previous one using a conjunction and a personal pronoun. Write the number of this offer. Answer: ___________________________ Read a fragment of the review based on the text that you analyzed while completing assignments 2023. This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the gaps (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the term number from the list without spaces, commas or other additional characters. 24. “The text analyzes a problem that has concerned people for centuries. To express his understanding of love and tenderness, the author uses the technique - (A)__________ (sentences 2, 3 - 4, 5) and the syntactic device - (B)__________ (in sentences 1, 9). The writer is helped to create the image of a tender wife by the trope – (B)__________ (“with anxiously happy eyes” in sentence 30) and the syntactic device – (D)__________ (“like a trembling bird” in sentence 29).” List of terms: 1) comparative phrase 2) epithet 3) colloquial words 4) series of homogeneous members of a sentence 5) opposition 6) litotes 7) phraseological units 8) parcellation 9) rhetorical questions Write down the numbers in the answer, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters: A B C D Answer: __________________________ Part 2. 25. Write an essay based on the text you read. Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting). Formulate the position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Justify your answer, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account). The volume of the essay is at least 150 words. Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points. Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting. ANSWERS Task number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Answer 13 for example 1 accountants unbearably high 28456 be aware of a public hairstyle bell struggling with bewilderment also about 23 14 134 34 1 1345 25 134 strong to weak 31 5421
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Text 1-3(1) During experiments, scientists found that learning new words stimulates the activity of the striatum (striatum), an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation. (2) The striatum itself is not associated with the language function: it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them; for this there are special linguistic centers in the cerebral cortex. (3) it reinforces the motivation to learn a language by responding to linguistic efforts with a feeling of pleasure: pleasant emotions help to remember new material.
Task 1. Indicate two sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) When learning new words, a person experiences pleasant emotions, which is due, according to scientists, to the action of the striatum - an important part of the brain that reinforces the motivation to memorize new material.
2) During the experiments, scientists discovered that the striatum (striatum) is an important part of the brain that is directly related to motivation.
3) Scientists were able to prove that the striatum has nothing to do with language function, since it does not decipher the meanings of words and does not remember them - for this there are special linguistic centers in the cerebral cortex.
4) Mastering new words, according to scientists, stimulates the activity of an important part of the brain - the striatum, which reinforces the motivation to learn a language with pleasant emotions.
5) Having studied the data obtained by scientists during experiments, we can assume: the pleasure of mastering new words was the reason that humanity learned to use speech.
Task 2. Which of the following words should appear in the gap in the third (3) sentence of the text? Write this word down.
Secondly,
For example,
Task 3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word CENTER. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the second (2) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
CENTER, a, m.
1) A point in a geometric figure, body, which has some property inherent only to it and is usually obtained by the intersection of lines, axes, planes. C. circle. C. gravity.
2) The central part of a city, a large populated area. Live in the center. Apartment in the center. Go to the center for shopping. Tram line from the new area to the center.
3) A city with administrative, industrial and other institutions. Industrial centers of the country. Regional, district center Administrative c. areas.
4) The highest governing body. Directives of the center.
5) A group of nerve cells that regulate some function of the body (special). Motor centers. Respiratory c.
6) The dominant, leading institution of some kind. industry. Cardiological c. Oncological c. Television c. Cosmonaut training center. Flight control center.
Task 4. In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
after dark
repeat
drill
Task 5. In one of the sentences below, the highlighted word is used INCORRECTLY. Correct the lexical error by choosing a paronym for the highlighted word. Write down the chosen word.
Leonid Ivanovich stood up abruptly and looked at his interlocutor with a look filled with ICY arrogance.
In spring, ROOT shoots should be inspected and cut out at the very base.
Parents have collected a WHOLE library about hang gliding.
S. Ya. Marshak was partial to hardworking people and intolerant of idleness.
The UNRESPONDABLE feeling made me sad.
Task 6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
one hundred and sixty kilometers
sing louder
Doubts gnaw
DRINKING WITH MILK
most CALM
Task 7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMAR ERRORS
A) violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial phrase
B) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members
B) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application
D) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
D) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phraseSENTENCES
2) Those who oppose themselves to society are doomed to loneliness.
3) Upon arrival in Moscow, the artist not only gave a concert, but also held a press conference.
4) Studying folklore, the composer created beautiful lyrical works.
5) This voyage, which ended the era of famous pirate raids in Spanish waters, had no equal in terms of the number of storms, as well as the number of dead ships.
6) I read Vasil Bykov’s stories “Sotnikov” and “Obelisk” in the summer, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War.
7) Many of those who have been to Pereslavl know that this city is younger than Rostov, but its history also goes back to the distant past.
8) I felt hurt, and I did not fail to tell the captain that he, without knowing the person, was trying to judge him.
9) One autumn day, the forest, refreshed by the cold air, seemed to become younger and sparkle with the gold of its leaves. Solution.
Task 8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
acc..manage
theoretical
admirer (of talent)
looked around (in the sun)
collectible
Task 9. Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
from..took, etc..tongue
heater, and... oven
climb..skate, with..play
priceless, in.. dozed
pr..call, pr..angry
Task 10. Write down the word in which the letter E is written in place of the gap.
caring
sign off
forgetful
helpful
almonds...
Task 11. Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.
integral..my
tie...sew
you'll be delayed
seen
impenetrable..my
Task 12. Determine the sentence in which NOT is written together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.
Joy (NOT) SHARED with intimate friends is not joy.
A few minutes later Margarita entered an (UN)LIGHTED room, in which only a narrow path from the moon shone silver.
Peter I was (NOT) AFRAID to move the capital closer to Western Europe, change the costume of the Russian people, and change many customs.
In the spring there were also storms, but the wind then blew (NOT) COLD, but warm and gentle.
N. M. Karamzin knew that the origin and meaning of the word “Kolomna” was (NOT) CLEAR, and decided to compose a legend, which he outlined in a letter.
Task 13. Identify a sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
You can build houses on the banks of rivers, but (ON) condition that the water remains clean.
(WHEN) SEEING the morning beauty of the autumn forest, my heart sank; (WHEN) MEETING us a light breeze blew, the tops of the trees swayed slightly.
Supporting a person in trouble with a kind word can be AS important as (IN) TIME changing the switch on the railroad track.
(B) FOLLOWING the barge are wide longboats with low sides, (TO) THE TOP loaded with watermelons.
(DUE) TO illness, I was not at school for two months and (B) AS A CONSEQUENCE, I fell very behind.
Task 14. Indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) NN is written.
Cause(1)-effect(2) relationships are not so easy to establish. Often, bright, but secondary (3) facts are interpreted as a reason, and a mean (4) but more “modestly dressed” reason is pushed (5) into the background.
Task 15. Place punctuation marks. List two sentences that require ONE comma. Write down the numbers of these sentences.
1) Every person has strength and weakness, courage and fear, firmness and hesitation.
2) The transparent mermaids stopped their round dance over the river and waved to Margarita, and their greetings were heard over the deserted greenish bank.
3) Sticky fish scales cover the wooden piers and pavement stones and the blue waters of the bay.
4) Currently, the gas production company has both a developed infrastructure and invaluable experience for organizing the industrial development of gas fields.
5) We walked to the sea and soon found ourselves on a rocky ledge above an abyss.
Task 16. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s).
During the time of A. S. Pushkin, the Hermitage art gallery (1), located on the middle floors (2) of two buildings (4) adjacent to the Winter Palace (4), occupied about forty halls.
Task 17. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s).
I don't feel sorry for you (1) unfaithful friends (2)
Circular wreaths and bowls -
I don’t feel sorry for you (3) traitors (4) young ones, -
I am thoughtful and averse to fun.
But where are you (5) moments of tenderness,
Young hopes, heartfelt silence?
Where (6) is the old heat and tears of inspiration?
Come again (7) year of my spring!
(A.S. Pushkin)
Task 18. Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s).
The immortal Greek tradition (1), the main feature (2) of which (3) is inextricably linked with a deep interest in man (4), was adopted by ancient Russian masters.
Task 19. Place all punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
It rained in the mountains (1) and (2) if the bridge across the river is torn down (3) then the geologists will have to wait for the water to completely subside (4) to get to the base.
Task 20. Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.
Long in power in Great Britain royal dynasty The Stuart family ended its existence in 1714.
(1) Our language is still felt by many as a kind of blind element that cannot be controlled.
(2) One of the first to approve this idea was the brilliant scientist W. Humboldt. (3) “Language,” he wrote, “is completely independent of the individual subject... (4) Before the individual, language stands as a product of the activity of many generations and the property of an entire nation, therefore the power of the individual is insignificant compared to the power of language.”
(5) This view has survived to our era. (6) “No matter how much you say reasonable words against stupid and arrogant words, they - we know this - will not disappear, and if they disappear, it will not be because aesthetes or linguists were indignant,” wrote one gifted scientist. (7) “That’s the trouble,” he said sadly, “that no one wants to hear the zealots of the purity and correctness of their native speech, as well as the zealots of good morals... (8) 3 but they are spoken by grammar and logic, common sense and good taste, euphony and decency, but nothing comes of all this onslaught of grammar, rhetoric and stylistics on reckless, ugly, reckless living speech.” (9) Having given examples of all kinds of speech “disgrace”, the scientist embodied his sadness in a bleak and hopeless aphorism: “Arguments from reason, science and good form have no more effect on the existence of such words than geology courses on an earthquake.”
(10) In the past, such pessimism was completely justified. (11) There was no point in even thinking about how to amicably, systematically, and with united forces intervene in the ongoing linguistic processes and direct them in the desired direction. (12) Old man Karamzin very accurately expressed this general feeling of humble submission to the elemental forces of language: “Words enter our language autocratically.”
(13) Since then, our greatest linguists have constantly pointed out that the will individuals, unfortunately, is powerless to consciously control the processes of formation of our speech.
(14) Everyone imagined this: as if a mighty river of speech was flowing past them, and they stood on the shore and watched with helpless indignation how much rubbish its waves carried on them.
- (15) There is no need, - they said, - to boil and fight. (16) Until now, there has never been a case where an attempt by the guardians of the purity of language to correct the language errors of any significant mass of people was crowned with even the slightest success.
(17) But can we agree with such a philosophy of inaction and non-resistance to evil? (18) Can we really, writers, teachers, linguists, only grieve, be indignant, be horrified, watching how the Russian language is deteriorating, but dare not even think about subordinating it to the collective mind through powerful efforts of will?
(19) Let the philosophy of inaction have its meaning in past eras, when the creative will of people was so often powerless in the fight against the elements - including the element of language. (20) But in the era of the conquest of space, in the era of artificial rivers and seas, do we really not have the slightest opportunity to at least partially influence the elements of our language?
(21) It is clear to everyone that we have this power, and one should only be surprised that we use it so little. (22) After all, in our country there are such super-powerful levers of education as radio, cinema, television, ideally coordinated with each other in all their tasks and actions. (23) I'm not even talking about the multitude of newspapers and magazines - district, regional, city - subordinate to a single ideological plan, completely mastering the minds of millions of readers.
(24) As soon as this whole purposeful complex of forces unitedly, systematically, decisively rebels against the deformities of our current speech, loudly branding them with national disgrace - and there is no doubt that many of these deformities will, if not disappear completely, then, in any case, forever will lose their massive, epidemic character...
(25) True, I understand very well that all these measures are not enough.
(26) After all, the culture of speech is inseparable from general culture. (27) To improve the quality of your language, you need to improve the quality of your heart, your intellect. (28) Some people write and speak without mistakes, but what a poor vocabulary he has, what moldy phrases! (29) What a meager mental life is reflected in them!
(30) Meanwhile, only that speech can truly be called cultural, which has a rich vocabulary and many different intonations. (31) This cannot be achieved by any campaign for the purity of the language. (32) Here we need other, longer, broader methods. (33) For true enlightenment, so many libraries, schools, universities, institutes, etc. have been created. (34) By raising their general culture, the people thereby raise the culture of their language.
(35) But, of course, this does not exempt any of us from participating within our means in the struggle for the purity and beauty of our speech.
(According to K.I. Chukovsky)
Task 21. Which of the statements do not correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.
1) The philosophy of inaction and non-resistance to evil has at all times been meaningless, since the elements were and still remain beyond the control of man.
2) Everyone who has no errors in spoken and written speech has a rich vocabulary and a rich spiritual life.
3) Among the super-powerful levers of education are the mass media operating in a coordinated manner.
4) The culture of the language and the culture of the people are closely interconnected: the improvement of one entails the improvement of the other.
5) Standing on the bank of a river whose waters are polluted, the narrator realizes that people are powerless to cleanse them.
Task 22. Which of the following statements are erroneous? Please indicate the answer numbers
1) Sentences 3-4 illustrate what is said in sentences 1-2.
2) Sentences 10-12 provide a description.
3) Proposition 22 confirms the thesis expressed in sentence 21.
4) Sentences 25-27 contain reasoning.
5) Sentences 30-34 present the narrative.
Task 23. From sentences 5-8, write down the word used in the meaning of “a person who diligently and sincerely tries to benefit some cause, a champion of something.”
Task 24. Among sentences 26-35, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using a personal pronoun and word forms. Write the number(s) of this sentence(s).
Task 25. “K.I. Chukovsky dedicated his book “Alive as Life” to the Russian language. In the given fragment from the chapter “Against the Elements,” the author’s reflections are built around such a trope as (A)___ (“flows... a speech river” in sentence 14). Setting himself the task of “accustoming the reader to think philosophically about language, about the processes of its development and growth,” Chukovsky uses the technique - (B)___ (sentences 3-4, 6-8, 12). Along with this, the author’s voice clearly sounds in the text - thanks to the use of such a technique as (B)___ (“mourn, be indignant, horrified” in sentence 18), such a trope as (D)___ (“moldy” in sentence 28, “ skinny" in sentence 29)".
List of terms:
1) opposition
2) metaphor
3) personification
5) interrogative sentences
6) dialectisms
7) quoting
8) gradation
Job source: Solution 3242. Unified State Exam 2017. Russian language. I.P. Tsybulko. 36 options.
Task 7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and the sentences in which they were made: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMAR ERRORS A) violation in the construction of a sentence with a participial phrase B) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members B) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application D) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate D) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial phrase |
OFFERS 1) I was entrusted with the main role in the school play “Don Quixote”. 2) Those who oppose themselves to society are doomed to loneliness. 3) Upon arrival in Moscow, the artist gave a press conference. 4) Studying folklore, the composer created beautiful lyrical works. 5) Everyday details in the prose of A.P. Chekhov not only carry an ethical meaning, but also become the most important elements of style. 6) I read this work by Vasil Bykov in the summer, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. 7) Many who have been to Pereslavl know that this city is younger than Rostov, but its history also goes back to the distant past. 8) The walk, which promised us so much pleasure, did not present anything interesting. 9) One autumn day, the forest, refreshed by the cold air, seemed to become younger, sparkling with gold leaves and a reddish network of birch branches. |
Solution.
Let's look at each of these sentences and determine whether there are grammatical errors in them.
1) I was entrusted with the main role in the school play “Don Quixote”.
Proposal with inconsistent application. Application used incorrectly. Correct option: in the play “Don Quixote” (error B)
2) Those who oppose themselves to society are doomed to loneliness. The subject and predicate are in different number forms. Those (plural) are doomed (singular). Disruption of connection between subject and predicate (error D)
3) Upon arrival in Moscow, the artist gave a press conference. Everything is correct, there is no error. Incorrect option: upon arrival.
4) Studying folklore, the composer created beautiful lyrical works. The subject lyrical works perform the action of having been created, but do not perform the action by studying folklore.
In other words, a lyrical work can be created, but folklore cannot be studied. Correct option: While studying folklore, the composer created lyrical works. Incorrect construction of sentences with participles (error D).
5) Everyday details in the prose of A.P. Chekhov not only carry an ethical meaning, but also become the most important elements of style. In a sentence with homogeneous members, a compound conjunction is used incorrectly. Correct option: not only..., but also... Error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members (error B).
6) I read this work by Vasil Bykov in the summer, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. It is unacceptable to use a participial phrase after a noun that is not a defined word. Correct option: I read this work by Vasil Bykov, dedicated to the Great Patriotic War, this summer. Error in constructing a sentence with a participial phrase (error A).
7) Many who have been to Pereslavl know that this city is younger than Rostov, but its history also goes back to the distant past. There is no error.
8) The walk, which promised us so much pleasure, did not present anything interesting. Complex sentence with a subordinate clause. There is no error.
9) One autumn day, the forest, refreshed by the cold air, seemed to become younger, sparkling with gold leaves and a reddish network of birch branches. There is no mistake, the sentence is constructed correctly.
Examination. Be sure to review each sentence from the proposed options to avoid making a mistake. The numbers in the answer are not repeated.
In response, we write down the numbers corresponding to the letters, strictly observing their order, without spaces or commas.
The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers. Write the answer to the right of the assignment number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.
Read the text and complete tasks 1–3.
(1) Blossomed in estates near Moscow domestic culture. (2) (...) they were called “Russian Parnassus”. (3)Into the history of Russian fine arts forever included, for example, Abramtsevo and Muranovo with their picturesque surroundings, which glorified Vasnetsov and Korovin, Vrubel and Ostroukhov, Polenov and Nesterov, Levitan and Yakunchikova.
1
Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?
1. The Abramtsevo and Muranovo estates near Moscow with their picturesque surroundings were rightly called “Russian Parnassus”.
2. National culture was glorified by recognized masters of painting: Vasnetsov and Korovin, Vrubel and Ostroukhov, Polenov and Nesterov, Levitan and Yakunchikova.
3. The picturesque surroundings of Muranov and Abramtsev glorified Vasnetsov and Korovin, Vrubel and Ostroukhov, Polenov and Nesterov, Levitan and Yakunchikova, whose names will forever go down in the history of Russian painting.
4. Estates near Moscow, for example Abramtsevo and Kuskovo, were called “Russian Parnassus”, since it was here that Russian culture flourished.
5. Vasnetsov and Korovin, Vrubel and Ostroukhov, Polenov and Nesterov, Levitan and Yakunchikova glorified Muranovo and Abramtsevo, in which, as in other estates near Moscow, domestic culture arose and developed.
2
Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the second (2) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).
1. Because
4. Therefore
5. Despite this
3
Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word HISTORY. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the third (3) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.
HISTORY, -i, f.
1. Reality in its development, movement. Laws of history.
2. what. The course of development, the movement of something. The story of our friendship. Medical history (a card that records changes in the patient’s condition).
3. Development process human society in general, the past preserved in human memory. Events that went down in history. History of the world.
4. what or what. The science of the development of some area of nature, knowledge. Natural history (obsolete). History of the theater.
5. Story, narration (colloquial). Tell different funny stories.
6. Incident, event, mostly unpleasant (colloquial). Get into history. The whole story happened to someone.
4
In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.
be encouraged
moveSecure
5
One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
1. Divers examined the CLAYY bottom of the river.
2. The joy of success, unnoticed by him, grew into PRIDE.
3. Today I made a LUCKY purchase - I purchased full meeting works of A.S. Pushkin.
4. The old lady was upset about something and spoke in a CRYING voice.
5. An impenetrable fog enveloped the surrounding area.
6
In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.
1. LYING on the floor
2. TWO HUNDRED rubles
3. MOST INTERESTING
4. five HECTARES
5. some TOMATOES
7
Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.
GRAMMAR ERRORS | OFFERS |
A) violation in the construction of sentences with participial phrases | 1) I wanted to know how to grow primroses and care for them. |
B) an error in constructing a complex sentence | 2) Each programmer is assigned to a specific computer that monitors its status. |
C) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application | 3) According to the plan, as a final work we wrote a review of a recently read book. |
D) disruption of the connection between subject and predicate | 4) The encyclopedia “Lives of Remarkable People” contains many interesting biographies. |
D) an error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members | 5) In March, those who had reached the age of 18 participated in the elections of the President of the Russian Federation. |
6) I like the room because it is bright, large, and clean. | |
7) I was entrusted with the main role in the school play “Don Quixote”. | |
8) Mom always scolds me for throwing my things around. | |
9) Studying folklore, the composer created beautiful lyrical works. |
Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other symbols
8
Identify the word in which the unstressed alternating vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.
confusion
d...differentiate
ut...picky
unique
pretend
9
Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.
and..ruled, divided..
pr..highed, pr..pricked
on..built, by..item
picked...picked, n..ruled
hello..dear, hello..call
10
evasive
assign
extend
wink...wink
changeable
11
Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.
having seen
notice...you
dependent
catch up...sh
hear...you
12
Indicate all the numbers in whose place the letter I is written.
The position was the most (1) comfortable: it was (2) impossible to (3) stand up, (4) sit down. N(5) none of the guests, n(6) who knew Bulgakov, n(7) had n(8) any doubts that a young German was sitting in front of them.
13
Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written HYPHENED. Open the brackets and write down these two words.
1. (IN) AUTUMN sparingly, the fields, warmed by the first rays of the rising sun, are barely smoking.
2. At a distance the pine forest darkened SOME kind of bluish color.
3. On the left bank, birch trees grow spaciously and cheerfully, as if arranged for SOME kind of game in several (IN) PLACES.
4. (And) SO, despite our efforts, everything remained (STILL) THE SAME.
5. Time is the same as money: don’t waste it, and you will have plenty of it.
14
Indicate all the numbers replaced by one letter N.
A huge barge, loaded (2) with sand, slowly (1) moored to the shore: its hatches were painted (3) with oil paint; the sailors fussed desperately (4).
15
Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.
1. Doors and windows opened on their own due to drafts and slammed shut with an incredible roar.
2. The hot summer sun rose and dried the freshly green grass and foliage on the trees.
3. The rain drizzled sadly, then began to lash desperately, then rustled farewell in the bushes.
4. In modern theater there are many problems of both economic and artistic nature.
5. Traveling by boat and on foot on bicycles and skis develops will and fearlessness in a person.
16
Tired from the long journey (1) they (2) exhausted (3) lay down near a (4) wind-fallen (5) birch tree (6) covered with some kind of vegetation.
17
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences.
But, let me ask you,” the foreign guest asked after anxious thought, “what to do with the evidence of the existence of God, of which (1) as is known (2) there are exactly five?
Or maybe (3) it wasn’t him who told it, but I just fell asleep and dreamed it all?
18
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
In Greece classical era(1) for the social system (2) of which (3) the form of the city-state is typical (4) especially favorable conditions for prosperity arose oratory.
19
Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.
The trip went without any special incidents (1) but (2) when there were only five kilometers left to the end of the journey (3) the car suddenly skidded (4) because the tire burst.
20
Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by replacing the incorrectly used word. Write down the chosen word, observing the norms of modern Russian literary language.
The brothers were as similar as two peas in a pod, but they repelled each other like charges of the same name.
Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.
FROM FIRE TO FIRE
(1) My old friend, an artist by profession, recently gave me his painting entitled “Willow.” (2) And I immediately remembered so clearly how, long ago, on a stormy spring day in my homeland, I wandered in the Birch Log - a spacious ravine overgrown with poplar and willow.
(3) The day turned out to be unkind. (4) Above, on the sandy hillocks, the wind blew piercingly. (5) Shaggy gray clouds rushed across the sky quickly, low, touching the tops of poplars. (6) Empty land, bare trees, chilliness and dampness - in a word, bad weather. (7) I walked and walked, already scolding myself for getting out of the warmth, out of the house.
(8) And suddenly, near the stream, in the lowland, rather than seeing, I sensed something unusual - as if sunlight, its golden radiance. (9) I came closer: it was a small willow bush blooming.
(10) In his white earrings, yellow anthers of color broke through the silver pile. (11) And the earrings became golden. (12) The willow bush in the stormy cloudy day meekly shone with warm lamp light.
(13) He shone, warming the earth around him, and the air, and the chilly day.
(14) Warmed me up too.
(15) Many years have passed. (16) But even now, after a while, I see that cloudy day and the shine of the golden willow bush.
(17) A huge, spacious world: empty land, low sky, bare poplar, alder branches, sandy mounds, between them - an untrodden road - all this is chilly and deserted. (18) And next to it is a small golden bush, like a lamp in a red corner. (19) Symbol of spring and life in rainy day.
(20) All this was a long time ago. (21) But I remember it so well! (22) And now the picture is hanging, it’s also shining.
(23) I once told my artist friend about the blooming willow. (24) He apparently remembered. (25) After so many years, he painted a picture. (26) So, it was easy on his soul too. (27) But what’s special here?
(28) Just a cloudy day and golden willow. (29) But the heart remembers...
(Z0) How many such warm minutes are there in our life that will go away, but are remembered. (31) Everyone has their own.
(32) Childhood memory, one of ordinary days. (ZZ) Some morning, late evening, when your mother or grandmother leans towards you.
(34) Warm hands, kind face. (35) Wave of love. (Z6) It passes, but remains.
(37) And here is a little child in the cradle. (38) Still unintelligible, he babbles something. (39) He stretches his hands towards you, and his eyes are so happy... (40) When was this, Lord... (41) How long ago.