Industrial cities of Russia: a list of the largest industrial centers of the country. Industrial center The city is the industrial center of the country
Russia is the most big country in the world. Its open spaces can be called endless, as they stretched over more than 17 million square meters. km, which is almost 12% of the entire surface of the Earth.
Russia is an industrialized state with rich deposits of gas, oil and other minerals. This is what helped her to take a leading position among other countries, which are almost 100% dependent on the produced fuel. Industrial (the list will be given below) form the basis of the economic development of the state. There are about 300 such centers. They are located on Far East, Urals, in the northern part of the Caucasus. Some of the cities are located in the center of Russia.
Classification
So, what is the peculiarity of industrial centers and what are the best of them? The industrial cities of Russia can be divided into several groups, focusing on certain features:
- The first group includes centers that were built back in the days Soviet Union. After perestroika, plants and factories were privatized and transferred to new standards. Of course, the modernization required a lot of time and finances, but now these production facilities meet European standards. There are about 150 cities in this group, these are Surgut, Tomsk, Krasnoyarsk, etc.
- The second group includes a part of the centers, which are the so-called industrial consumers. It is headed by the Moscow region.
- The third group is the industrial centers of Russia. Cities have an advantage geographical position, however, for certain reasons, have not yet been upgraded. In order to fully restore their potential, it is necessary to inject large amounts of money. In the meantime, these cities are developing at the expense of other areas, such as large ports, transport hubs, and tourism.
- The fourth group is innovative. The industries in these cities operate using the latest technologies. They can be called the basis of the state, which allows it to fully develop.
- The fifth group includes the two most important cities in Russia. Moscow and St. Petersburg have a great influence on the entire industrial sector of the country.
Let us consider in more detail the industrial cities of Russia. The list of the largest of them is presented below.
First place - Moscow
Capital Russian Federation has an annual turnover of 1900 billion rubles. The most developed industries here are mechanical engineering, gas and oil refining. The pharmaceutical and food industries are also growing quite rapidly. Large plants and factories operate on the territory of Moscow, there are many garages, warehouses and various bases, engineering and scientific centers. It is worth noting that the capital is the largest which fully affects the development of the railway, automobile and aviation industries.
St. Petersburg - the second position in the list
Its annual turnover is about 1300 billion rubles. The main contribution is made by the following industries: ferrous metallurgy, food, mechanical engineering, shipbuilding, etc. St. Petersburg rightfully occupies a leading position in the list of "Large industrial cities of Russia". World corporations such as Nissan, Intel, Toyota successfully work here. All of them produce products that meet European standards. The chemical industry deserves special attention. Achievements in this area have brought Russia to the world level.
Third place - Surgut
Located in the north of the country, Surgut is one of the largest industrial centers in Russia. Its turnover is more than 800 billion rubles. Thanks to both oil and its subsequent processing, the economic well-being of the city is growing rapidly. In comparison with similar centers, Surgut is an impeccable leader. Almost all enterprises are listed on the balance sheet of OJSC “Surgutneftegas”. The power industry is also well developed here.
Nizhnevartovsk in the top five
The city is located in the Urals. The wealth of the region is mainly due to the largest oil field. Gas is also produced and processed here, which is then exported to many European countries. In the north are Russia, thanks to which the welfare of the whole country is improving. For example, Nizhnevartovsk contributes almost 500 billion rubles to the general treasury, which allows it to take 4th place in the ranking. The oil and gas complex is headed by NK Rosneft, which includes such large enterprises as NNP, Samotlorneftegaz, etc. It is also worth noting the RussNeft company, which was created thanks to the financial support of the large Swiss concern Glencore.
Fifth place - Omsk
The millionth city of Omsk is the administrative center. First of all, it is the largest transport hub. Its turnover reaches 400 billion rubles. The food and light industries, aerospace and chemical industries, as well as oil refining, are well developed here. are owned by Gazprom. Even during the Great Patriotic War, the largest factories and plants were evacuated here, the main specializations of which are mechanical engineering and the petrochemical industry.
Sixth place - Perm
The diversified industry of Perm is of great importance in economic development countries. The annual income is 350 billion rubles. Basically, heavy engineering, gas and oil refining industries are developed here. A significant contribution is made by such industries as chemical, electric power, as well as food and printing. The average salary for 2013 was almost 25 thousand rubles. Thanks to this, Perm was included in the list of "Large industrial cities of Russia", having quite high rates.
The capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan is Ufa
Ufa occupies the seventh position in the rating of industrial cities of Russia. On its territory there is a large accumulation of various industries. The most important industries are wood and metalworking, oil refining, and mechanical engineering. Thermal power plants also play an important role in economic development. The construction of a nuclear power plant was started here, but after Chernobyl accident all work was suspended. At present, according to federal program the construction of a nuclear power plant is still planned.
Eighth place - Norilsk
The northernmost city of Norilsk is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The population in it is about 150 thousand people. Living conditions here are quite difficult, mainly due to climatic conditions. The mining and metallurgical industry and the industry of non-ferrous metals are the most developed. Being in eighth place in the rating of "Large industrial cities of Russia", Norilsk has a turnover of 300 billion rubles. The main part of the income is palladium, platinum and other precious metals.
Ninth place - Chelyabinsk
The only city in Russia with a new self-government scheme. Chelyabinsk is located on the eastern slope of the Ural Mountains. This is a fairly large center with a turnover of 300 billion rubles. Ferrous metallurgy accounts for almost 50% of all manufactured products. It is also worth noting such industries as instrument making, metal processing, mechanical engineering. Well developed here light industry. The industrial cities of Russia, Chelyabinsk in particular, are famous for their high-quality alloys. This is where it is processed. most of ores, rails, pipes, as well as tractors, cranes, loaders are made.
Completes the top ten Novokuznetsk
Novokuznetsk is located in Western Siberia. The volume of industrial income is 260 billion rubles. It has a well-developed coal mining industry, which is one of the largest in the country. Metallurgy and metalworking also play an important role in the economy. Quite significant enterprises involved in energy are located here. More than 50 plants and factories operate on the territory of the city, which allows it to take tenth place in the top 10 “Largest industrial cities of Russia”. Unfortunately, since 2013 there have been massive layoffs in some industries.
Increasingly, in the strategic plans for the development of our country, the government is focusing on the need to move away from the status of a “resource power”. At the same time, the main stake is placed on the development of its own processing of raw materials and the establishment of production, and large industrial centers are attracting more and more attention.
We offer Top 10 largest industrial centers of Russia, compiled according to the Institute of Territorial Planning "Urbanika".
10. Novokuznetsk
Volume industrial production 264 billion rubles
Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, coal industry enterprises operate in the city. Among the owners of the leading industrial facilities are Evraz Group, UMMC, Sibuglemet, Rusal.
9. Chelyabinsk
RUB 277.3 billion.
The city is a recognized leader in Russia in the field of ferrous metallurgy, high level mechanical engineering and food industry. In Chelyabinsk, there are enterprises of OAO Mechel, groups Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant, Cheboksary Electromechanical Plant, Coca-Cola, Russian Technologies State Corporation.
8. Norilsk
312 billion rubles
The life of this polar city is built around the activities of the leader in the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, MMC Norilsk Nickel.
7. Ufa
313.6 billion rubles
The city received the status of a major industrial center thanks to the development of oil and gas processing, mechanical engineering, food and pharmaceutical industries. The leading enterprises are owned by OAO ANK Bashneft, Russian Technologies State Corporation, Wimm-Bill-Dann, Pharmstandard.
6. Perm
331.3 billion rubles
The city can boast of significant success in the field of oil and gas processing, mechanical engineering, food and chemical industries. The owners of the leading industrial facilities are OAO Lukoil, State Corporation Rostekhnologii and Roskosmos, Nestle, Henkel and others.
5. Omsk
348.4 billion rubles
The city has large enterprises working in industries such as oil and gas processing, chemical and food industries, mechanical engineering. The main industrial facilities are owned by OAO Gazprom Neft, Unilever, Wimm-Bill-Dann, State Corporation Rostekhnologii and Roskosmos.
4. Nizhnevartovsk
481.6 billion rubles
This is one of the leading Russian centers for the production and processing of oil and gas. Industrial facilities of TNK-BP, Gazprom Neft, Russneft, Slavneft, SIBUR operate in the city.
3. Surgut
800.3 billion rubles
A leader in the extraction and processing of oil and gas, the city also has large enterprises operating in the electricity, food processing and R&D industries. The main industrial facilities are owned by OAO Surgutneftegaz, OGK-2, OGK-4, SIBUR.
2. St. Petersburg
1282.7 billion rubles
The northern capital has industrial facilities for the food and chemical industries, mechanical engineering, ferrous metallurgy, production of building materials, and R&D. Philip Morris International Inc., JTI, BAT, Kraft Foods, Procter&Gamble, United Shipbuilding Corporation, Russian Technologies, Toyota, Nissan, GM, HP, Rosatom State Corporation, Intel and many others have production facilities in the city.
1. Moscow
1895.2 billion rubles
The largest enterprises of the capital operate in such industries as mechanical engineering, food and pharmaceutical industry, oil and gas processing, R&D. The main industrial facilities are owned by Roskosmos, Rosatom, Rostekhnologii, Sukhoi Design Bureau, Renault, United Technologies, Volvo, Wimm-Bill-Dann, United Confectioners, Kraft Foods, Coca-Cola, RusHydro, GlaxoSmithKline.
"Novosibirsk region" - Krasnozersky district. Baraba region. It is located in the southeast of the West Siberian Plain. Bagan region. Geography of the NSO. Administrative-territorial division. Cherepanovskiy district. Industry. Chistoozerny region. Maslyaninsky district. Land resources. Kuibyshev region. Kochkovsky district.
"Reservoirs of Novosibirsk" - Ocean. Inya. Ob sea. Lake Baikal. Reservoirs of our region. Bird. Water. Pond. Yenisei. "What's extra?" Don't leave trash on the beach. Om. Lena. Not my bike and other vehicles in bodies of water. Vats. Volga. Baikal. Black. Pacific Atlantic Arctic Indian. Ob. Plants and factories take water for work.
"Novosibirsk Technologies" - Eric Cornell from the University of Colorado / NIST (USA), World Health Organization, etc. Our offers: DNA - synthesizers for biotechnologies - company "BIOSSET". Since the summer of 2008, the rates of banks on short-term loans have risen sharply (up to 22-25%). Devices for measuring laser spectra - the company "Angstrem".
"Sights of the village of Kozikha" - The place was chosen in the village of Maloirmenka. In the neighboring village of Kozikha, a garage was allocated for the storage of agricultural machinery. Svetlana Alexandrovna Tarskikh - therapist, head of the outpatient clinic. In 1980, a new two-story building was built for a kindergarten. Kindergarten has more than 50 years of history. District nurse.
"City of Novosibirsk" - Opera and Ballet Theatre. Entrance to the Novosibirsk Zoo. The lower right margin of the flag is white. View of Novosibirsk from above. Flag of Novosibirsk. The top left field of the flag is green. Chapel of Nicholas the Wonderworker. Novosibirsk. Cathedral of Alexander Nevsky. The blue band with white waves is the Ob River, on which the city stands.
"The Emerald City of Novosibirsk" - Complex engineering and technical facilities. The building of the Siberian Bank of Sberbank of Russia. Club of Soviet employees. Conditions of occurrence. Akademgorodok. Chapel of Saint Nicholas. Memorial of Glory. Attempts to solve the housing problem. Academgorodok from a bird's eye view. Development problems. Museums of Novosibirsk. Coat of arms of Novosibirsk.
In total there are 9 presentations in the topic
Industrial centre a city that stands out as the center of one or more industries. Often P. c. simultaneously perform also transport functions. The profile of extractive industry centers is usually narrower than that of manufacturing centers, since the production specialization of the former is due to the use of a limited range of natural resources. In the USSR and other socialist countries P. c. are formed in the course of territorial planning for the development of productive forces.
Big soviet encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978 .
See what "Industrial Center" is in other dictionaries:
industrial centre - Locality, in which industry serves as the main city-forming base and the main branch of specialization. Syn.: industrial node… Geography Dictionary
- (Latin centrum, from Greek kentron). 1) the center, the middle of a circle, a ball, etc. 2) a political party in Germany, as a protest against further development German alliance in the name of the independence of the church from state power. Dictionary… … Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
industrial node- A settlement in which industry serves as the main city-forming base and the main branch of specialization. Syn.: industrial center… Geography Dictionary
growth center- An industrial center or a whole area, designed to give impetus to territorial development in the surrounding region, spreading its influence from the center to the periphery. Syn.: growth pole… Geography Dictionary
App., use. comp. often 1. Industrial raw materials are understood as natural materials used in the production of means of production and consumer goods. Strategic reserves of industrial raw materials are the key to the future of the country's economy. 2.… … Dictionary Dmitrieva
A, m. 1. mat., fiz. The point of intersection of which axes, lines in the figure, the point of concentration of which l. relationships in the body. center of pressure. Center of the lens. Circle center. similarity center. center of symmetry. Ellipse center. 2. A place equally distant from ... ... Small Academic Dictionary
center- a, m. 1) (of which, only a unit) The middle, the middle part of which l. City center. Be in the center of the site. She [the veranda] is already empty. Some company was finishing their drink in the corner, and in the center of it was a familiar entertainer in a skullcap and with a glass of Abrau in ... ... Popular dictionary of the Russian language
Territory with a pronounced industrial and production specialization. Etc. in the USSR and other socialist countries, it systematically specializes in those industries that provide products with the least expenditure of funds ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
Industrial area ... Wikipedia
Industrial Passage Moscow General informationMoscowRussia Country Russia City Moscow District ... Wikipedia
Books
- Kharkiv. Guide for tourists and sightseers,. X А PbKOBCKOE ABOUT NATURE LOVERS Introduction General information about Kharkiv Kharkiv is a large commercial and industrial center Kharkiv architecture. Medical care in Kharkov. Arrival at…
The largest industrial centers of the Ural Federal District are:
1. Yekaterinburg
Leading industries: mechanical engineering (mainly heavy) and metalworking.
* "Uralmash"
ѕ machine-building plant named after M.I. Kalinina
* "Uralkhimmash" (equipment for the chemical industry
* Turbo engine plant
The chemical industry is developing - factories of rubber products, tires, plastics and medicines, for the production of antibiotics.
2. Chelyabinsk
Chelyabinsk is a large industrial center.
The most developed
ferrous metallurgy (pipe-rolling plant)
ь non-ferrous metallurgy (factories: electrolytic zinc, ferroalloys)
l mechanical engineering and metalworking (factories "Stankomash", "Teplopribor", etc.)
l chemical industry (paint and varnish plant)
Enterprises of the light industry (tannery, spinning and weaving, shoe, knitting factories), food industry. Large production of building materials. Woodworking factories.
Near Chelyabinsk - coal mining (Chelyabinsk lignite basin).
3. Magnitogorsk
Magnitogorsk is one of the largest centers of the metallurgical industry in Russia.
Plants: calibration, crane, stamping, sulfuric acid, etc.
Production of building materials, musical instruments.
Enterprises of light industry (clothing factory, etc.) and food industry (dairy factory).
4. Nizhny Tagil
This is one of the largest centers ferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering of the Middle Urals.
Leading enterprises:
- "Nizhny Tagil Iron and Steel Works"
- Ural Carriage Works
- "Uralchimplast"
- 5. Tyumen
The main specialization of the urban industry is oilfield services. The leaders of this segment are the CJSC Tyumen Plant of Metal Structures.
The technopark, the West Siberian Innovation Center for Oil and Gas, is also focused on the development of oilfield services.
- Zapsibgazprom (Gazprom concern)
- "Lukoil - Western Siberia» (concern Lukoil) JSC
- TNK-BP Siberia (TNK-BP concern)
- · "Sibnefteprovod" (concern Transneft).
Of the enterprises of other industries not related to oil and gas, one can note the furniture factory "Zarechye", the DOK "Red October", etc.
6. Kamensk-Uralsky
Kamensk-Uralsky is a large industrial center dominated by ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, mechanical engineering and the food industry.
Leading enterprises: plants - Sinar pipe, Ural aluminum, metallurgical, foundry, non-ferrous metal processing.
Sewing, shoe factories. Radio engineering and electrotechnical enterprises, production of building materials.
Krasnogorskaya CHPP.
Potatoes and vegetables are grown in the Kamensky district. Dairy farming.
7. Mound
The city has the most developed mechanical engineering and chemical industries.
Mechanical engineering enterprises: "Kurganselmash", "Kurganmashzavod"
Factories: bus, chemical engineering, woodworking machines, instrument-making, etc.
Chemical industry - "Synthesis".
8. Surgut
It is a major center of the oil industry. The enterprises are mainly associated with oil production and associated gas processing.
JSC "Surgutneftegaz"
Plants: gas processing, condensate stabilization, motor fuel. Enterprises of the food (fish cannery) industry. Production of building materials.
Surgutskaya GRES-1 and GRES-2.
9. Nizhnevartovsk
Nizhnevartovsk is the organizational and economic center of a large oil and gas producing region.
Main factories: gas processing, car repair. "Sibneftegazpererabotka", JSC "Chernogorneft".
Potatoes, vegetables, and oats are grown in the Nizhnevartovsk region. Poultry, cattle, pigs, rabbits are bred.
10. Krasnouralsk
This is a large industrial center, whose significant enterprises include OJSC Svyatogor (Krasnouralsk copper smelter), Federal State Unitary Enterprise Krasnouralsk Chemical Plant, State Unitary Enterprise Krasnouralskaya Poultry Farm, OJSC Krasnouralskmezhraygaz, OJSC Energozapchast.
11. Miass
The main industry here is engineering, and especially automotive. One of the largest and most famous factories in the city is the Ural Automobile Plant OJSC (UralAZ), since 1941 it has been manufacturing trucks and shift buses of the Ural brand.
12. Tobolsk
The industry of Tobolsk is represented by the city-forming enterprise - the Tobolsk petrochemical plant, a fish processing plant and some other enterprises.
13. Serov
It is the largest industrial center Sverdlovsk region. Here are such industrial giants as the Metallurgical Plant. A. K. Serov and Serov Mechanical Plant. The basis of Serov's industry is ferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering.
In addition to ferrous metallurgy and mechanical engineering, logging and woodworking industries are well developed in the city. Enterprises "Serovles" and "Ural Forest" supply their products to many countries: the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, China. The enterprises of the food industry are widely represented (JSC "Serovskiy Gormolzavod").
14. Chrysostom
Here, for the first time in Russia, the production of ball-bearing, stainless and heat-resistant steel was mastered.
The city is distinguished by a very high-quality metallurgy.
Mechanical engineering is developed, incl. production of forging and pressing equipment, tools (PA "Zlatoust machine plant").
- The displacement is called the vector connecting the start and end points of the trajectory The vector connecting the beginning and end of the path is called
- Trajectory, path length, displacement vector Vector connecting the initial position
- Calculating the area of a polygon from the coordinates of its vertices The area of a triangle from the coordinates of the vertices formula
- Acceptable Value Range (ODZ), theory, examples, solutions