Does the moon emit light? Why does the moon glow? Why put a wand to the moon
Why does the moon glow? All adults are sure that they know the answer to this question. I thought so too. Until my son bombarded me with questions. The boy is persistent and meticulous. Unambiguous answers and go-ahead does not accept. And, as a rule, one "why" is not limited. Here's what it looked like.
Why does the moon glow?
She doesn't glow. It reflects the light of the Sun and the Earth. The sun shines on our planet, and it gives part of the light to its satellite - the moon.
Is the moon like a mirror? Is that why it reflects light?
No. It has a rocky surface, completely dark. It just seems very bright at night due to the fact that it is turned towards the sun and flooded with its light. And it's dark all around.
But how does the sun shine on her if I can't see?
It is the only satellite of our planet. This name was given because it goes side by side, along the “one path”. And it follows along with our planet around the Sun.
The sun stays in one place. Space objects revolve around him, "walk along the usual path." In all years, the speed and path of such a "journey" in the Cosmos is preserved. Scientists were even able to find a special formula by which at any time they can tell which planet is exactly where relative to the Sun. And the satellite runs around its girlfriend, the Earth, at the same time bypassing the sun.
(I had to show this stage of the explanation. I took a flashlight and two balls. One is larger than the other).
This satellite is always turned to our planet in one side. And it runs around us very fast. It manages to cover our entire planet in 27 days and a few hours. As if every day he performs a round dance around the Christmas tree.
The Earth is much larger than the Moon. It's hard for her to move so fast. Therefore, it creeps around the Sun slowly. In three hundred and sixty-five days, only one round passes. Therefore, it seems to people that it is the Sun that moves in a circle, and not themselves. And for a long time it was thought so, until astronomers could understand what was really happening.
At the same time, our planet rotates its axis. After all, it is round, like a ball.
(It’s good that I didn’t ask at that moment why it’s round. Or who proved that the Earth is round. I don’t forget to show everything. So as not to confuse the child, and not to go astray myself).
We are in one point of the Earth. When the planet turns to the sun with this point, we have a day. And when the reverse side - we have a night. We do not see the sun now: it shines on the other side of the Earth. But it definitely shines. That is why a round cold disk of our satellite appears in the night sky.
And where does the moon go when the moon is shining in the sky?
(I realized that they were asking me about the lunar phases. But I always thought that their origin was connected with the casting of the shadow of the Earth on the surface of my satellite. Or rather, I didn’t think so. But for some reason I thought so. When the child was considering the rotation of the Earth with a flashlight and balls, I realized that the shadow had nothing to do with it. I had to postpone the explanation so as not to mislead my son. Study the material (to my shame, only now. And then return to the question. However, the child’s persistent questions brought me back to it).
The moon is the month. More precisely, the month is a visible piece of our constant friend in the sky. When a satellite revolves around the Earth, it exposes only one of its barrels to the sun.
(Again we show the balls and a flashlight).
There's a circular disk right above us. We look to the sky, but we do not see. Because the bright luminary sends its rays to the opposite side of the month. In the dark night sky, they seem to be playing hide-and-seek with us and hide their location quite well.
After a couple of days the planets moved. The sun is already illuminating a small piece, but we see a narrow moon in the sky. A couple of days later, a thin month in the sky begins to grow, to get fat. What is it connected with? The satellite moved a little further. The sun is already visible a little more, and so are we.
(The son already knows how to determine the old and young months. You need to substitute your finger. If you get the letter P, the month is young. The letter C is old).
Here is a detailed answer to a very interesting question. I hope the information was helpful. And you can use the idea with a flashlight and balls for a visual answer to the questions of your indefatigable whys and whys. Then it will become more clear how and where the planets rotate. AT early age You don't have to go into details about how planets differ from stars. But when the child grows up a little, parents will have to give a detailed answer. it The best way develop with your child!
Why does the moon glow? All adults are sure that they know the answer to this question. I thought so too. Until my son bombarded me with questions. The boy is persistent and meticulous. Unambiguous answers and go-ahead does not accept. And, as a rule, one "why" is not limited. Here's what it looked like.
Why does the moon glow?
She doesn't glow. It reflects the light of the Sun and the Earth. The sun shines on our planet, and it gives part of the light to its satellite - the moon.
Is the moon like a mirror? Is that why it reflects light?
No. It has a rocky surface, completely dark. It just seems very bright at night due to the fact that it is turned towards the sun and flooded with its light. And it's dark all around.
But how does the sun shine on her if I can't see?
It is the only satellite of our planet. This name was given because it goes side by side, along the “one path”. And it follows along with our planet around the Sun.
The sun stays in one place. Space objects revolve around him, "walk along the usual path." In all years, the speed and path of such a "journey" in the Cosmos is preserved. Scientists were even able to find a special formula by which at any time they can tell which planet is exactly where relative to the Sun. And the satellite runs around its girlfriend, the Earth, at the same time bypassing the sun.
(I had to show this stage of the explanation. I took a flashlight and two balls. One is larger than the other).
This satellite is always turned to our planet in one side. And it runs around us very fast. It manages to cover our entire planet in 27 days and a few hours. As if every day he performs a round dance around the Christmas tree.
The Earth is much larger than the Moon. It's hard for her to move so fast. Therefore, it creeps around the Sun slowly. In three hundred and sixty-five days, only one round passes. Therefore, it seems to people that it is the Sun that moves in a circle, and not themselves. And for a long time it was thought so, until astronomers could understand what was really happening.
At the same time, our planet rotates its axis. After all, it is round, like a ball.
(It’s good that I didn’t ask at that moment why it’s round. Or who proved that the Earth is round. I don’t forget to show everything. So as not to confuse the child, and not to go astray myself).
We are in one point of the Earth. When the planet turns to the sun with this point, we have a day. And when the reverse side - we have a night. We do not see the sun now: it shines on the other side of the Earth. But it definitely shines. That is why a round cold disk of our satellite appears in the night sky.
And where does the moon go when the moon is shining in the sky?
(I realized that they were asking me about the lunar phases. But I always thought that their origin was connected with the casting of the shadow of the Earth on the surface of my satellite. Or rather, I didn’t think so. But for some reason I thought so. When the child was considering the rotation of the Earth with a flashlight and balls, I realized that the shadow had nothing to do with it. I had to postpone the explanation so as not to mislead my son. Study the material (to my shame, only now. And then return to the question. However, the child’s persistent questions brought me back to it).
The moon is the month. More precisely, the month is a visible piece of our constant friend in the sky. When a satellite revolves around the Earth, it exposes only one of its barrels to the sun.
(Again we show the balls and a flashlight).
There's a circular disk right above us. We look to the sky, but we do not see. Because the bright luminary sends its rays to the opposite side of the month. In the dark night sky, they seem to be playing hide-and-seek with us and hide their location quite well.
After a couple of days the planets moved. The sun is already illuminating a small piece, but we see a narrow moon in the sky. A couple of days later, a thin month in the sky begins to grow, to get fat. What is it connected with? The satellite moved a little further. The sun is already visible a little more, and so are we.
(The son already knows how to determine the old and young months. You need to substitute your finger. If you get the letter P, the month is young. The letter C is old).
Here is a detailed answer to a very interesting question. I hope the information was helpful. And you can use the idea with a flashlight and balls for a visual answer to the questions of your indefatigable whys and whys. Then it will become more clear how and where the planets rotate. At an early age, you can not go into details of how the planets differ from the star. But when the child grows up a little, parents will have to give a detailed answer. This is the best way to develop with your baby!
In some mysterious way, the moon refracts light and directs it exactly to your eye?
First, let's remember the second law of optics:
The second law of geometric optics (Laws of reflection):
1. The reflected beam lies in the same plane as the incident beam and is perpendicular to the interface between two media.
2. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection (see Fig. 1).
∟α = ∟β
This is how young artists are taught to draw an illuminated sphere, where there is a glare, penumbra, reflex.
These simple rules, allow you to depict a three-dimensional object on a plane.
Photos of the planets of the solar system look quite natural:
Jupiter:
Saturn:
Uranus:
Neptune:
Now look at the full moon:
The most obvious and obvious optical anomaly of the Moon is visible to all earthlings with the naked eye,
Therefore, one can only be surprised that almost no one pays attention to this.
See what the moon looks like in a clear night sky at the moments of a full moon? It looks like a flat round body (for example, a coin), but not like a ball!
A spherical body with rather significant irregularities on its surface when illuminated by a light source,
located behind the observer, should shine to the greatest extent closer to its center,
and as you approach the edge of the ball, the luminosity should gradually decrease.
Due to reasons incomprehensible to official physics, the rays of light falling on the edge of the lunar ball are reflected ... back to the Sun, which is why we see the Moon on a full moon as a kind of coin, but not as a ball.
http://sil2ooo.livejournal.com/10774.html :
An even more confusing mind is brought by a no less obvious observable thing - the constant value of the luminosity level of the illuminated parts of the Moon for an observer from the Earth.
Simply put, if we assume that the Moon has some property of directional light scattering, then we have to admit that the reflection of light changes its angle depending on the position of the Sun-Earth-Moon system. No one will be able to dispute the fact that even the narrow crescent of the young moon gives the luminosity exactly the same as the corresponding
him by area central section half moon. And this means that the moon somehow controls the angle of reflection of the sun's rays so that they always
reflected from its surface exactly to the Earth!
But when the full moon comes, the luminosity of the moon increases in leaps and bounds. This means that the surface of the Moon amazingly splits the reflected light into
two main directions - to the Sun and the Earth. This leads to another stunning conclusion that the Moon is practically invisible to an observer from space,
which is not on straight segments of the Earth-Moon or the Sun-Moon. Who and why needed to hide the Moon in space in the optical range? ...
To understand what the joke is, in Soviet laboratories they spent a lot of time on optical experiments with lunar soil delivered to Earth by automatic
devices "Luna-16", "Luna-20" and "Luna-24". However, the parameters of light reflection, including solar, from the lunar soil fit well into all known
canons of optics. Lunar soil on Earth did not want to show those miracles that we see on the moon. It turns out that materials on the Moon and on Earth behave differently?
Quite possible. After all, an inoxidizable film several atoms of iron thick on the surface of any objects, as far as I know, in terrestrial laboratories
still haven't been able to get...
Oils were added to the fire by photographs from the Moon, transmitted by Soviet and American machine guns, which managed to be planted on its surface.
Imagine the surprise of the then scientists when all the photographs on the Moon turned out to be strictly black and white - without a single hint of such a rainbow spectrum familiar to us.
If only the lunar landscape was photographed, evenly strewn with dust from meteorite explosions, this could somehow be understood.
But even the calibration color plate on the body of the lander turned out black and white! Any color on the surface of the moon turns into
corresponding gray scale, which is impartially captured by all photographs of the surface of the Moon transmitted by automatic devices of different
generations and missions to the present day.
Now imagine in what a deep ... puddle the Americans are sitting with their white-blue-red star-striped flags, allegedly photographed on
surface of the Moon by valiant astronauts-"pioneers". Tell me, if you were them, would you try hard to resume exploration of the moon and get to
its surface even with the help of some kind of "pendoshod", knowing that images or videos will turn out only in black and white?
Is it possible to paint them quickly, like old films ... But, damn it, what colors to paint pieces of rocks, local stones or steep mountain slopes in!? ..
By the way, very similar problems NASA was also waiting on Mars. All researchers have probably already been set on edge by a muddy story with a mismatch of colors,
more precisely, with a clear shift of the entire Martian visible spectrum on its surface towards the red. When NASA employees are suspected of intentionally
distortion of images from Mars (allegedly hiding the blue sky, the green carpets of the lawns, the blue of the lakes, crawling local residents…), I call to remember the Moon…
Think about it, maybe different physical laws just work on different planets?
Then a lot of things immediately fall into place!
But let's get back to the moon. Let's finish with the list of optical anomalies, and then move on to the next sections of Lunar Wonders.
A beam of light passing near the surface of the moon receives significant scatter in direction, which is why modern astronomy cannot even calculate the time,
needed to cover the stars with the body of the moon. Official science does not express any ideas why this is happening, except for the crazy delusional in the style of electrostatic
reasons for the movement of lunar dust at high altitudes above its surface or the activity of certain lunar volcanoes, as deliberately throwing out refractive
light dust exactly where the star is being observed. And so, in fact, no one has yet observed lunar volcanoes.
As is known, earthly science is able to collect information about chemical composition distant celestial bodies by studying molecular spectra radiation-absorption.
So, for the one closest to Earth celestial body- The moon - this method of determining the chemical composition of the surface does not work!
The lunar spectrum is practically devoid of bands that can give information about the composition of the moon. The only reliable information on the chemical composition of the lunar regolith has been obtained
as is known, in the study of samples taken by the Soviet Luna. But even now, when it is possible to scan the surface of the Moon from a low circumlunar orbit with the help of automatic devices, reports of the presence of one or another chemical substance on its surface are extremely contradictory.
Even on Mars - and then there is much more information.
And about one more amazing optical feature of the surface of the moon. This property is a consequence of the unique backscattering of light, with which I began the story of the optical anomalies of the Moon. So, almost all the light falling on the Moon is reflected towards the Sun and the Earth. Let's remember that at night, under appropriate conditions, we can perfectly see the part of the Moon not illuminated by the Sun, which, in principle, should be completely black, if not for ... the secondary illumination of the Earth! The Earth, being illuminated by the Sun, reflects part of the sunlight towards the Moon. And all this light that illuminates the shadow part of the Moon is returning back to Earth! Hence, it is quite logical to assume that on the surface of the Moon, even on the side illuminated by the Sun, twilight reigns all the time. This conjecture is superbly confirmed by photographs of the lunar surface taken by Soviet lunar rovers. Look at them carefully on occasion; for everything you can get. They were taken in direct sunlight without the influence of atmospheric distortions, but they look as if the contrast of a black-and-white picture was tightened up in terrestrial twilight.
Under such conditions, the shadows from objects on the surface of the Moon should be absolutely black, illuminated only by the nearest stars and planets, the level of illumination from which is many orders of magnitude lower than that of the sun. This means that it is not possible to see an object located on the Moon in the shadow using any known optical means.
To summarize the optical phenomena of the Moon, let's give the floor to the independent researcher A.A. Grishaev, the author of a book on the "digital" physical world, who, developing his ideas, points out in his next article:
“Taking into account the fact of the presence of these phenomena provides new, deadly arguments in support of those who consider film and photographic materials that allegedly testify to the presence of American astronauts on the surface of the moon. After all, we give the keys to conduct a simple and merciless independent examination. If we are shown against the backdrop of sun-drenched (!) lunar landscapes astronauts, on whose spacesuits there are no black shadows from the anti-solar side, or a well-lit figure of an astronaut in the shadow of the "lunar module", or color (!) Frames with a colorful reproduction of the colors of the American flag - then this is all irrefutable evidence screaming about falsification. In fact, we are not aware of any film or photographic document depicting astronauts on the Moon under real lunar lighting and with a real lunar color "palette".
And then he continues:
“The physical conditions on the Moon are too abnormal - and it cannot be ruled out that the circumlunar space is detrimental to terrestrial organisms. To date, we know the only model that explains the short-range effect of lunar gravity, and at the same time the origin of the accompanying anomalous optical phenomena - this is our model of "unsteady space". And if this model is correct, then the vibrations of the "unsteady space" below a certain height above the surface of the Moon are quite capable of breaking weak bonds in protein molecules - with the destruction of their tertiary and, possibly, secondary structures. As far as we know, turtles returned alive from circumlunar space aboard the Soviet Zond-5 spacecraft, which circled the Moon with a minimum distance of about 2000 km from its surface. It is possible that with the passage of the apparatus closer to the Moon, the animals would have died as a result of the denaturation of proteins in their organisms. If it is very difficult to protect yourself from cosmic radiation, but still possible, then there is no physical protection from the vibrations of the “unsteady space.”
How does Luna do it? And why does no one notice?
The moon is a lamp that illuminates the earth at night. But how and why does it glow, because it is not a star? People in antiquity assumed that it could emit light, but now we know that this assumption is wrong. The moon cannot glow on its own.
The secret of the glow
The answer to this mystery is simple - our satellite reflects the sun's rays that fall on it. But how does a rocky celestial body without an atmosphere do this? It turns out that 50% of the lunar soil consists of glass in different forms. Among the stones there are many glass beads, some of which have an almost perfect round shape. Therefore, the surface of the moon acts as a reflector.
Moonlight takes approximately 1.26 seconds to reach the Earth's surface.
The amount of reflected light
All objects in space have an albedo. It shows how well they reflect light. For example, a material such as ice has a high albedo while soil has a poor albedo.
The albedo of the Moon is very low - like that of coal. This is because its surface is quite curved and has a dark gray color. For these reasons, it reflects only 12% of the light that hits it, that is, quite a bit. However, sunlight so bright that even a small part of it looks quite bright. On a full moon, the month is so bright that it obscures the fainter objects in the sky, and we can see it even during the day. Many astronomers put away their telescopes during this phase as exploration becomes difficult.
Sometimes you can observe a super moon, during which the glow of the month can be 20% brighter than usual. This phenomenon occurs when the new moon falls at the moment of closest approach of the Earth to its satellite. A full moon typically provides only about 0.05–0.1 lux of illumination. During a supermoon, these figures can reach 0.32 lux.
There is another explanation for such a bright glow of the night star. It is the result of what scientists call the Zeliger effect. It can be seen in this example: when the headlights of a car shine on a dark road, it looks brighter than it actually is. The sun in this case plays the role of a headlight. The bright rays from it fall directly on the moon, which makes it seem much brighter. It has recently been found that a large number space debris, which circles above the surface of the satellite, also enhances its reflectivity.
Yes, the Moon is indeed a poor reflector, especially when compared to Saturn's moon Enceladus, which reflects about 99% of the light that hits it.
And what can be said about the weak glow of the dark part of the month at the new moon? We already know that the celestial body itself does not produce light, which means it reflects it. It's easy to guess why. Of course, from the Earth. Because our planet is larger and has a cloudy atmosphere as well as a lot of water, it reflects 70 times more rays than a satellite. A small amount of it bounces off the moon and back to us, creating this glowing effect.
moonlight color
Moonlight, especially around a full moon, sometimes appears bluish compared to the rest of the sky. It also seems silvery to some. In fact, this is an illusion resulting from the Purkinje effect, when the human eye's perception of color changes due to the reduced illumination of surrounding objects.
And during an eclipse, the Moon is colored red by indirect sunlight, which the Earth's atmosphere scatters and refracts.
You may be surprised to learn that we see much less moonlight today than our ancestors did. The reason for this is the gradual separation of the Earth from its satellite.
The word "moon" itself comes from the Proto-Slavic luna - that is, "bright". For all the time of its existence, humanity has been interested in this celestial satellite of the Earth almost more than the Sun.
Perhaps the reason is that the light of the moon - strange, white and cold, was inexplicable, and then medieval man. If the Sun is a raging flame, warmth, its analogue is the earthly hearth, then what is the Moon?
The people of antiquity, deprived of scientific knowledge, said that the Sun shines, and the Moon shines. It is amazing how accurately these synonymous words describe the essence of the phenomenon: “shining” means radiating, giving off light, power; “shines” means simply illuminating without spreading energy. So shine rivers, mirrors, smooth stones.
The moon shines like... coal
With the development of science, mankind has learned that the light of the moon is reflected: the rays of the sun fall on its surface and are partially reflected. The reflection is surprisingly low and comparable to that of charcoal, about 7%. However, the dimensions of a celestial body also determine its brightness in comparison with a porous and very light-intensive material.
But the mystery of moonlight is not only in its origin. A great miracle for mankind was the change in the illumination of the satellite. And only with the discovery and study of the rotation of the Earth around the Sun and the Moon around the Earth, the phenomenon acquired a completely ordinary explanation - there was no place for magic in it.
Moon phases. moon waxing and waning
The phases of the moon are the degree of illumination of the lunar surface from the point of view of an earthling. We see either a full light oval of a celestial body, or a sickle of different thicknesses, or a “slice”.
The change of phases is determined by the juxtaposition of the Sun, Earth and Moon. During the lunar, or synodic, month (about 29 days 13 hours), the satellite revolves around our planet, illuminated by the Sun in different ways. When the Earth completely blocks the Moon from us, it becomes invisible. Then, with the advancement, a thin sickle appears - from that side the Sun "reaches" the satellite.
This cycle is easy to model using a table lamp and two objects of different sizes. By simulating the movement of the Earth and the Moon around the Sun, you can observe the similarity of the phases of illumination of the satellite.
... The days go by - the Moon moves further and further along its orbit and is "visible" to the Sun more and more, that is, we can better see its illuminated side. This is expressed in the growth of the sickle to a “slice”, and then to a full “turnip”, as they once said in Slavic villages.
After a few days of a full oval, we begin to notice its decrease - in fact, it begins immediately after reaching fullness, but it is not visible to the eye.
Why put a wand to the moon?
Often people confuse: what is the moon now - growing or waning? This is important to know for many reasons. For example, the lunar cycle greatly influences crop and garden work, causing high / low tides not only in the oceans, but in everything that contains water.
Plant breeders in the growing moon, when the water rises, it is better to sow the seeds, and on the waning moon - to transplant plants. According to Macquarie Securities, an analyst department, the late waning period and the new moon period are the times when investment returns are highest.
For the study, 32 major stock indexes were taken in dynamics since 1988, and all of them confirmed the trend. There is a lot of such information, some of them are confirmed by practice, but scientific explanation have not yet received.
If you need to understand what state the Moon is in - growing or waning, try putting a “wand” on it - stretch your finger, take a pencil, etc. If the letter “p” is obtained, then the Moon is growing, if not (more precisely, "r" in reverse side, like q), then the Moon is waning.