Practical emotional orientation. Emotional Orientation of the Personality as a Prognostic Factor for the Cohesion of Adoptive Families
Diagnostics of the emotional orientation of the personality (B.I. Dodonov)
Purpose and content: emotions play important role in the processes of consciousness, this is a special class of subjective psychological states reflecting in the form of direct experiences the process and results of activities aimed at meeting urgent needs. Everything that a person does ultimately serves the purpose of satisfying his various needs, and any manifestations of human activity are accompanied by emotional experiences. The technique measures the general emotional orientation of the individual. The emotional orientation of a person here means a set of areas in which a person experiences the strongest positive emotions, in which he shows interest and tends to be systematically active. Using this technique, you can study the emotional orientation, find out what are the attitudes and in what area of activity you can get positive emotions. This technique involved 16 students, 3rd year students, aged 21 to 24 years. The methodology contains 50 questions, for each of which one of 4 answer options is offered: “definitely yes” (2 points) “perhaps yes” (1 point) “probably no” (0 points) and “definitely not” (-2 points)
Table 2.3 - primary results of diagnosing the emotional orientation of a person:
respondent number |
Directions: |
|||||||||
altruistic |
communicative |
gloristic |
praxic |
pugnic |
romantic |
gnostic |
aesthetic |
hedonistic |
active |
|
1. Altruistic emotions. High results on the first scale indicate that the subject has a pronounced need to give, share, contribute, help. His focus on others is evident in him. Low results indicate a focus on oneself, the need to take, receive. Results close to 0 indicate that the respondent does not have a pronounced need, and both needs are equally expressed, there is no rigid setting. Results less than zero indicate the complete opposite of this trend.
2. Communicative emotions. High scores on this scale indicate a strong need for communication. Low scores indicate that the need for privacy is more pronounced.
3. Gloric emotions(from lat, gloria - glory). High results indicate that the subject has a pronounced need for fame, for experiencing success in front of other people, for fame. A low score indicates a desire to be inconspicuous.
4. Practical emotions. A high result indicates the need to actively act, achieve the goal, achieve the desired results. Low scores indicate a passive attitude towards activities. Sometimes this manifests itself in a tendency to think more than to act, sometimes in a pronounced need for relaxation.
5. Punic emotions(from lat. pugna - fight). These emotions are associated with the need to take risks, to overcome dangers. At high scores this need is clearly expressed in the respondent, at low levels, the need for security and the caution that is formed on the basis of this need are clearly expressed.
6. Romantic emotions. With high scores, the subject has a pronounced desire for the unusual, the mysterious. At low levels, the opposite is true: a tendency towards useful things is manifested, on the basis of which pragmatism is formed as a character trait.
7. Gnostic emotions(from gren, gnosis - knowledge) - emotions associated with the need to gain knowledge about the new, the unknown. With a pronounced need (high scores), the subject enjoys the process of obtaining knowledge. With low scores, this need is underdeveloped.
8. aesthetic emotions. With high scores, the need for the perception of beauty is clearly expressed. Perceiving the beautiful, the respondent experiences strong feelings, which in modern practical psychology are called resource. With low scores, this need is not developed.
9. Hedonistic emotions- emotions associated with satisfaction of the need for bodily and spiritual comfort. At high scores, this need is clearly expressed. Comfortable conditions for such a person are very important, and the achievement of comfort is a powerful motive for activity. In psychotherapy there is a term for it: the hedonistic attitude. With low scores, we can talk about the ascetic attitude of the individual.
10. Akisitive emotions(from the French. Acquisition) - these are emotions that arise when there is a need for the accumulation (collection) of things that go beyond the practical need for them. Poi high scores need for collecting is well expressed. At low - such a need is not manifested.
Table 2.4 - summary results of the diagnosis of the emotional orientation of the individual.
1. Altruistic orientation: |
|||||||||||
very low (0 is less than zero) |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
2. Communicative: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
3. Gloristic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
4. Praxic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
5. Punic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
6. Romantic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
9. Hedonic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
10. Acisitive: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
7. Gnostic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
8. Aesthetic: |
|||||||||||
very low |
below the average |
above average |
|||||||||
The analysis presented in Table 2.4 allows us to see that the majority of respondents have an average propensity to experience praxic and altruistic emotions and an average need for communication. The majority's need for self-affirmation is below average or low. In general, indicators of the need for protection/risk also have average values. The tendency to experience romantic emotions is pronounced in most people. Hedonistic emotions are mostly higher than the average values, the indicators of aesthetic and gnostic orientation are approximately equal. The lowest indicator is possessed by the acquisitive emotions associated with the emotions of collecting and accumulating.
It makes it possible to single out types of general emotional orientation: altruistic, practical, gnostic, aesthetic.
Instruction to the subject: Carefully read the list of pleasant experiences (class "A") and write it out on separate sheet under the corresponding number of class "A" the numbers of those that are pleasant to you or are more characteristic of you, are typical, i.e. for a long time more often than others you have.
Underline the number of the most pleasant of those already highlighted, and put a noticeable dot under the number of the most frequently experienced.
Do the same procedure with a list of unpleasant experiences.
Repeat the same procedure with class "B".
Class "A" -
Pleasant experience.
1. A Joy, satisfaction, admiration for the noble deed of another person.
2. Thirst for activity.
3. E Joy, anticipation of something pleasant.
4. G Fun, carelessness, good health.
5. HZ Hot interest in learning something new.
6. P The joy of fruitful work.
7. GN Thirst for discovery. . . .
8. And Joy, satisfaction that overwhelmed the soul, when you manage to do good to people.
9. E Sweet, agonizing feeling when perceiving something beautiful (good music), nature, etc.).
10. GN Jubilation when you manage to solve a difficult or interesting problem, a question.
11. D Enjoyment of a pleasant physical sensation from heat, sun, delicious food.
12. G Love for comfort, luxury.
13. P Joy in anticipation of work.
14. D Enjoyment of the serenity of existence.
15. G Feeling of bliss (sweet life).
Unpleasant experiences.
1. L Compassion, pity for people.
2. P Irritation from inactivity.
3. P Annoyance at the need to do boring work.
5. Feeling of dissatisfaction when you do not find beauty around.
6. GN Depression, suffering due to dissatisfaction in the field of knowledge.
6. A resentment for ingratitude.
7. P Annoyance due to the fact that time is wasted.
8. P Irritation at the sight of disorder in things, environment, organization of business.
9. A moral indignation - unworthy behavior.
10. GN Aversion to rigidity (in people's judgments, in books, lectures)
11. And Despair, when the person you are disposed to does not understand you.
12. D Fear of an empty life, loneliness.
13. Depressed when left alone
14. And Irritation, when you see a manifestation of heroism, unwillingness to reckon with another person -
Pleasant experience.
1. A Joy from the consciousness of personal usefulness to others.
2. 2. P Thirst for good luck and success in the game, business, fulfillment of personal plans.
3. E Satisfaction, when you are able to see, perceive, feel the beautiful.
4. GN Satisfaction from constant enrichment with knowledge.
5. E Joyful inner excitement when you manage to create something beautiful yourself.
6. A Compassion, sympathy, self-pity.
7. E Delight, joy at the sight handsome man or landscape.
8. E Reverence at the sight of a masterpiece of art.
9. Satisfaction, if the environment suits your aesthetic tastes.
10. GN Satisfaction in solving a difficult problem.
11. P Joy, a sense of satisfaction when you open up the possibility of useful activity.
12. E Sharp feeling of unity with nature, beauty and joy of life.
13. F Satisfaction, when the planned things are done, you do them well.
Unpleasant experiences.
1. E Experience that people around you are rude, vulgar, ugly.
2. GN Satisfaction with one's knowledge.
3. D Feeling irritable and hostile towards others when you are in a bad mood.
4. Painful perception of the violation of harmony, beauty in the world around.
5. A Acute experience when you offended a person.
6. E Suffering due to the fact that he himself is not able to create something beautiful.
7. G Unreasonable longing.
8. P Dissatisfaction, irritation, when the necessary things are not done, you cannot cope with them.
9. D Internal emptiness, emotional indifference.
10. GN Dissatisfaction with one's abilities.
11. A Suffering, dissatisfaction at the sight of the opportunity to be useful to people.
12. GN A feeling of bitterness at the realization of the impossibility of comprehending all the experience accumulated by mankind.
13. Irritation at the sight of one's impotence and inability to change the situation.
14. D Experience of insufficiency of one's will.
15. P Dissatisfaction when there is not enough time and you do not have time to do important things.
Research procedure.
Respondents are given questionnaires containing formulas for typical experiences. The questionnaire contains 55 text - questions of typical experiences. It is divided into class "A" (experiences expressing attitude towards objective situations) and class "B" (experiences expressing attitude towards oneself). Within each class are subclasses of pleasant and unpleasant experiences. This questionnaire allows you to determine the percentage of each type of general emotional orientation (GEO): altruistic, practical, gnostic, aesthetic, hedonic.
Material processing. Calculate the total number of responses for all classes and subclasses and take it as 100%. Then count the number of responses corresponding to each type of LE and determine the percentage of each type of LE for the subject.
For example, out of 55 questions, the subject chose 26 of them for each type:
Type Class. Subclass
EES AP AN VP VN Total
The orientation of the personality finds its expression in the sphere of experiences in the form of different attractiveness of the same emotions and emotional states for various individuals. If, for example, people with an altruistic orientation prefer to experience feelings of love and participation that arise in them when they serve others with something, then "practical" people are more inclined towards labor excitement. A certain orientation of the personality is expressed not only in a typical emotional attitude towards typical objective situations, but also in a typical selective attitude towards the emotions themselves.
The emotional orientation of a person is manifested. on the one hand, in the special attraction for him of certain emotions, and in the lowering of the threshold, on the other hand, in the opposite sensitivity. The emotional orientation is characterized by the main plane, in which the amount of emotional well-being of the individual: for a humanist - love-resentment, for a practitioner - enthusiasm-annoyance, for a hedonist - fun-longing. Types of AEN are distinguished depending on the experiences to which a person is more sensitive.
(B.I. Dodonov)
Instruction: Read carefully the following list of pleasant experiences and write down the number of the one you most enjoy experiencing. If you are absolutely sure of the correctness of your answer, enclose the written number in a circle.
Place the remaining numbers to the right along the line in order of preference that you give to one emotion over another.
Separate with a vertical line the numbers of those emotions that you clearly prefer to others.
List of experiences:
1 . A feeling of extraordinary, mysterious, unknown, appearing in an unfamiliar area, environment.
2. The pleasure of acquiring, collecting or owning things.
3. Joyful excitement, enthusiasm, enthusiasm when the work is going well, when you see that you are achieving successful results.
4. Satisfaction, pride, elation, when you can prove your worth as a person or superiority over rivals, when you are sincerely admired.
5. Fun, carelessness, good physical health, enjoyment of delicious food, relaxation, relaxed atmosphere, safety and serenity of life.
6. Feeling of joy and satisfaction when you manage to do something good for your dear people.
7. Hot interest, pleasure in learning new things, in getting to know amazing scientific facts. Joy and deep satisfaction in comprehending the essence of phenomena, confirming your guesses and assumptions.
8. Fighting excitement, a sense of risk, intoxication with it, excitement, thrill in a moment of struggle, danger.
9. Joy, good mood, sympathy, appreciation when you communicate with people whom you respect and love. When you see friendship and mutual understanding. When you yourself receive help and approval from other people.
10. A peculiar sweet and beautiful feeling arising from the perception of nature or music, poetry and other works, or music, poetry and other works of art.
Classification of valuable emotions:
1. Romantic emotions. The desire for everything extraordinary, unusual, mysterious. A sense of mystery arises in us in connection not with any mystery, but only where we vividly "feel" our inclusion in the number of objects that are affected by the mysterious factor, especially when a conscious will, spirituality is attributed to it. The feeling of the mysterious almost always includes the expectation that something is about to happen that will have a decisive influence on my destiny. Where there is no such expectation, there is no sense of mystery. The description of the secret of the most cunning technical device does not evoke such emotions in us. Knowledge of the secrets of nature, obviously, can be accompanied by a sense of mystery, depending on how personally and philosophically significant a person perceives the object of study.
2. Active emotions.(from the French. Acquisition - acquisition). These emotions arise in connection with the interest in the accumulation, "collection" of things that go beyond the practical need for them. Of course, the collection of objects by people is most often associated with the satisfaction of not one, but several needs. But among them, as we think, one can single out a pure collecting need, manifested in the fact that people are fond of collecting anything - from works of art to lighters.
3. Practical emotions. The term "praxic feelings" was introduced by P.M. Yakobson, who proposed to call so experiences "caused by activity, its success or failure, the difficulties of its implementation."
4. Gloric emotions(from lat. Gloria - glory). These emotions are associated with the need for self-affirmation, for glory. A typical emotional situation for them is a real or imagined "reaping of laurels".
5. hedonistic emotions. In this category, we include emotions associated with the satisfaction of the need for bodily and spiritual comfort.
6. Altruistic emotions. These experiences arise on the basis of the need for assistance, help, patronage of other people. People can experience altruistic emotions without really helping others, but only by identifying themselves in their imagination with one or another noble hero.
7. Gnostic emotions.(from the Greek. Gnosis - knowledge) We associate Gnostic emotions not just with the need to receive any new information, but with the need for "cognitive harmony". Its essence is to find the familiar, familiar, understandable in the new, unknown, out of the ordinary, thus bringing all available information to one " common denominator". A typical emotional situation that arouses gnostic emotions is a problem situation.
8. Punic emotions.(from lat. Pugna - fight). Emotions, in our opinion, come from the need to overcome the danger, on the basis of which later there is an interest in the fight.
9. Communicative emotions. These emotions arise on the basis of the need for communication. Communicative experiences are often close to altruistic ones. It should be noted that not every emotion that arises when people communicate is necessarily communicative. In the process of communication, any emotions can arise; communicative are those that arise as a reaction to the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of the desire for emotional intimacy (to have a friend, a sympathetic interlocutor, etc.)
10. aesthetic emotions. They are associated with the experience of beauty, beauty, or ugliness in nature, art, human relationships, etc.
EMOTIONAL ORIENTATION OF A PERSONALITY - the orientation of a person's feelings and experiences. Altruistic E. n is considered. l. (the need for assistance and assistance, patronage of other people); communicative (the need for communication, friendships, a sympathetic interlocutor); gloric (the need for self-affirmation, fame, honor); pugnic (the need to overcome danger, on the basis of which later arises to fight); romantic (desire for everything unusual, mysterious); gnostic (the desire to understand, solve complex problems), etc. E. n. l., revealed with the help of a special test, determines the professional suitability for a particular type of ped. activities.
Pedagogical dictionary. - M.: Academy. G. M. Kodzhaspirova, A. Yu. Kodzhaspirov. 2005 .
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METHOD B.I. DODONOVA
"Determination of the general emotional orientation of the personality"
Instruction: You are offered a questionnaire of 50 judgments that characterize the emotions of your personality. Choose your answer according to the scale:
"Definitely yes" - a
"Probably yes" - b
"Probably not" - in
"Certainly not" - Mr.
Record your choice on the answer sheet.
Questionnaire text
1. I often worry about relatives and friends.
2. Feel the need to share my thoughts and experiences with other people.
3. I am pleased when people pay attention to me.
4. It is always important for me to succeed in my work.
5. I love thrills.
6. I would gladly visit some new, unknown place.
7. I experience great joy in solving a difficult problem on my own.
8. I love the sublime feeling that arises when perceiving poetry, music, etc.
9. I prefer simple pleasures (good food, sweet sleep).
10. I love to collect.
11. I want to bring joy and happiness to people.
12. The approval of others is important to me.
13. It's nice to feel a sense of superiority over the enemy.
14. I am passionate about any job I do.
15. Willingly take risks.
16. Sometimes it seems to me that something extraordinary is about to happen.
17. I like to understand the causes of phenomena, events.
18. I can be enraptured by the beauty of nature.
19. I love the state of peace and freedom from duties.
20. I am happy when I add to my collection.
21. I always feel sorry for losers.
22. I could not (could not) do without friends.
23. I will go to great lengths to win the honor and respect of others.
24. It's nice to feel that the day was not in vain.
25. I am a determined person.
26. I love everything mysterious and unusual.
27. I strive to bring my knowledge into a system.
28. A work of art can move me to tears.
29. I like pleasant, thoughtless pastimes, such as parties.
30. I love shopping.
31. I rejoice when someone succeeds.
32. Among my relatives, acquaintances there are people whom I adore.
33. I am proud (a).
34. I feel joy, elation when work goes well.
35. I love to overcome dangers.
36. Sometimes I am drawn to wander.
38. I enjoy listening to my favorite music.
39. I am inclined (prone) to laziness.
40. I love looking at my collections.
41. I try to help people.
42. I feel great gratitude to people who do me good.
43. I always want to take revenge when I fail.
44. My mood rises from the realization that the work is done in good faith.
45. Excitement, sports anger usually improve the results of my activities.
46. I like to dream.
47. The most pleasant experience for me is the joy of discovering the truth, the feeling that the solution is close.
48. I often experience a feeling of loftiness and detachment when in contact with the beautiful.
49. I would like to live carefree and serene.
50. I am reluctant to part with my things.