Comparative degree of adjectives in English ppt. Presentation on "degree of comparison of adjectives in English"
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Degrees of adjectives comparison
Adjectives in English do not change by number or case, they change by degrees of comparison. This applies to qualitative adjectives. Relative adjectives do not have degrees of comparison.
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There are three degrees of comparison of qualitative adjectives in English: 1. Positive. An adjective in its usual form. big - large 2. Comparative. Shows that one object has a higher degree of quality than another. Formed using the suffix - er - Often used with the preposition than (than). bigger - more 3. Superlative. Says that an object has the highest degree of quality. Formed using the suffix - est - the biggest - the largest / largest
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smallsmall+erthesmall+est Let’s compare! (Let's compare!)
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For example:
low → lower → the lowest red → redder → the reddest tall → taller → the tallest short → shorter → the shortest short - shorter - the shortest old → older → the oldest old - older - the oldest
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Remember! (Remember!)
1. In adjectives with one syllable, last letter doubles and adds the suffix -er hot → hotter → the hottest hot - hotter - the hottest big → bigger → the biggest big - bigger - the biggest
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2.If an adjective ends in y with a preceding consonant, then y changes to i: busy → busier → busiest busy - busier - the busiest happy → happier → happiest happy - happier - the happiest
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3. If the adjective has two or more syllables, then comparative degree before it is used more, and in the superlative - the most: beautiful → more beautiful → the most beautiful beautiful - more beautiful - the most beautiful difficult → more difficult → the most difficul difficult - more difficult - the most difficult
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Some two-syllable adjectives can form degrees of comparison with endings –er, -est, and with words more, most/less, least. able - capable angry - angry clever - smart common - widespread, general cruel - cruel frequent - frequent friendly - friendly gentle - gentle handsome - solid, beautiful narrow - narrow pleasant - pleasant polite - polite quiet - quiet serious - serious simple - simple sour - sour
Adjectives in English have three degrees of comparison:
the Positive Degree,
comparative (the Comparative Degree) excellent (the Superlative Degree).
Degrees of comparison of monosyllabic adjectives are formed by adding suffixes to adjectives in the positive degree: in the comparative degree a suffix is added -er, superlative - suffix - est .
Listen, read and learn:
Warm – warmer – the warmest
Cold – colder – the coldest
Clean – cleaner – the cleanest
Kind – kinder – the kindest
Tall – taller – the tallest
In spelling, the final consonant is doubled if a one-syllable adjective ends with one consonant preceded by a short vowel sound:
hot- hotter- the hottest
big - bigger – the biggest
fat – fatter- the fattest
sunny – sunnier – the sunniest
happy – happier – the happiest
hungry – hungry – the hungriest
messy – messier – the messiest
dirty – dirtier – the dirtiest
Final vowel e(mute e) is lowered in front of the fixes - er , -est :
larg e - larg er – the larg est
white - whiter – the whitest
nice – nicer -the nicest
wide – wider – the widest
late – later – the latest
Polysyllabic adjectives form degrees of comparison by adding special words to the adjective in the positive degree:
in the comparative degree the word is added more, superlative word most .
Exercise 1
Compare the animals. Use the words: useful, clever, big, strong, beautiful, funny.
Ex: An elephant is bigger than a lion.
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Look at the pictures and say: which one is happier.
If everything is clear and understandable to you, check your knowledge and demonstrate to others. Take the test for the formation of degrees of comparison of adjectives.
Choose the right letter.
- Who is the cleverest animal?
a) dolphin c) hen
b) monkey d) penguin
2) Who is the biggest animal on the land?
a) camel c) giraffe
b) elephant d) cow
3) Who is the fastest animal on the land?
- There are 2 degrees of comparison in English:
comparative
excellent
- They are formed in two ways:
suffix and compound.
- The comparative degree is used to compare two or more objects (concepts).
- The superlative degree is used to distinguish one subject (concept) from all similar ones.
- When comparing two objects (concepts), the conjunction is used before the name of the second than(how) .
The Volga is longer than the Don.
- A superlative adjective is always preceded by an article the .
The Nile is the longest river in the world.
Suffixal method of forming degrees of comparison
- In comparative degree, a suffix is added to an adjective (adverb) –er ,
and in excellent – est .
- This is how all one-syllable and many two-syllable adjectives and adverbs form degrees of comparison.
big-bigg er– the bigg est
narrow – narrow er– the narrow est
Writing Features
- The final vowel –e is not doubled when adding the suffixes –er and –est.
safe – safer – the safest
- The final consonants b, p, d, t, g, k are doubled if they are preceded by a short stressed vowel.
big – bigger – the biggest
Compound method of forming degrees of comparison
- In the comparative degree, the adjective (adverb) is preceded by the word more, in excellent - the most .
- This is how all adjectives and adverbs consisting of more than 2 syllables form degrees of comparison.
beautiful – more beautiful -
– the most beautiful
Exceptions
good – better – the best
bad – worse – the worst
much – more – the most
many – more – the most
little – less – the least
few – less – the least
- good – better – the best bad – worse – the worst much – more – the most many – more – the most little – less – the least few – less – the least
Special cases
- Adjective old
old – elder – the eldest(If we're talking about about relatives, members of the same family)
old – older – the oldest(in all other cases)
My sister is 2 years older than me.
Nick is the oldest in his group.
Special cases
- Adjective far forms degrees of comparison in two ways:
far – farther – the farthest(if we are talking about moving in space)
The farthest point of our trip is Paris.
far – further – the furthest(if we are talking about the development of events, about time)
What are your further plans?