19th Guards Rifle Division in 1943. Luban offensive operation
In the period from August 15 to December 15, 1941, it was necessary to form 110 divisions, including 12 rifle and 4 cavalry divisions in the Siberian military district. On the same day, the Directive of the NPO of the USSR No. Org / 2 / 539010 was sent to the military districts, containing an order to the commander of the Siberian Military District to begin the formation of divisions with an indication of deployment in the cities. And in Tomsk, in accordance with the order of the commander of the Siberian Military District No. 0051 dated 08/26/41, from August 26 to November 9, 1941, the 366th Rifle (later the 19th Guards) Division was formed.
In memory of these events and the exploits of the Siberian warriors during the Great Patriotic War one of the streets of Tomsk bears the name of the 19th Guards Rifle Division. This is the name of the streetreceived June 5, 1981. BUTOn September 6, 1986, during the All-Union meeting of veterans of the division, a memorial sign was unveiled.
Veterans of the division at the memorial sign. year 2001
Also on one of the buildings of the city there is a memorial plaque, about being here in 1941 was headquarters of the 366th Infantry Division.However, according to our data, the building in which the headquarters was located was nearby, it has not been preserved.We will be grateful to Tomsk residents for any information on this issue.
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Tomsk, per. Cooperative, 8 - the building on which the memorial plaque is placed.
Memorial plaque on the building at the address per. Cooperative, 8
In accordance with the order of the commander of the Siberian Military District, the formation of the division was headed by the head of the Belotserkovsky military infantry school evacuated to Tomsk, ColonelOdaryuk Gavriil Efremovich (later Major General), and from September 23, 1941, Colonel Bulanov Semyon Ivanovich, who arrived from the front, took command of the division. Manevich Efim Moiseevich was appointed to the post of commissar of the 366th Infantry Division.
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The recruitment of personnel went at the expense of Siberians - residents of the Altai and Krasnoyarsk Territories, Novosibirsk and Omsk Regions (Kemerovo and Tomsk region were then part of Novosibirsk region), as well as at the expense of the cadets of the Tomsk Military Infantry School (so temporarily, after the evacuation, it was calledBelotserkovsky military infantry school, then it was returned to its former name).
Composition of the 366th Rifle Division.
Three infantry regiments:
1218th, later 54th Guards Rifle Order of Suvorov III degree the regiment was formed in the Basandaika area;
1220th, later the 56th Red Banner Guards Rifle Regiment, was formed at the Stalin Club (the House of Culture of the Railway Workers at the Tomsk-II station);
1222nd, subsequently 61st Guards Rifleman the first order of Kutuzov III degree regiment, was formed in the barracks (GPZ-5 area).
Artillery Regiment:
938th, later the 45th Guards Artillery Red Banner Regiment, was formed in the area of the circus - the mouth of the Ushaika River.
The following divisions were also formed:
380th separate anti-tank fighter division;
377th anti-aircraft battery (662nd separate anti-aircraft artillery battalion);
419th mortar division;
437th reconnaissance company;
655th separate engineer battalion;
826th separate battalion communications;
460th medical and sanitary battalion;
453rd separate company chemical protection;
450th (490th) motor transport company;
229th (289th) field bakery;
798th divisional veterinary infirmary;
1423rd field post station;
746th field cash desk of the State Bank.
Throughout October, the soldiers of the division were intensely engaged in combat training, mastering weapons and military equipment. In the same month, the division was awarded a combat red banner with the inscription: "366 Rifle Siberian Division."
On November 7, 1941, the soldiers of the division took the oath, and in the following days the personnel left for the front.
Road to the front
On the way, the trains made stops at major cities. The stop in Novosibirsk was short - about half an hour. In Omsk, the division received winter uniforms and food, and sanitation was carried out in Sverdlovsk and Perm. All the way, the soldiers wondered where the division was heading: near Moscow or near Leningrad. And only the command of the division knew that, according to the directive of the Headquarters Supreme Command of November 2, 1941 № 004276 366 sd was included in the59 armies(commander - major general, Chief of Staff - Major General ). The army was formed in the Siberian military district, was in the reserve of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command, and in November - the first half of December was engaged in the creationdefensive linein Vologda region . By November 30, 1941, the army commander was instructed to submit for approval by the Headquarters a decision and a plan for the defense of army troops along the eastern shore of Lake. White (Lipin Bor) and further south along the river. Sheksna to Myagsy(south of Skull Sheep) . This indication was dictated by the situation on the right bank of the river. Volkhov, where the 4th and 52nd armies occupied the defense in a strip 130 km wide - 10/16/1941 German troops, with the forces of the 16th A Army Group "North", went on the offensive and rushed to Tikhvin.November 8, 1941 the city was captured by German troops.The indicated defensive line was erected 280 km east of Tikhvin. But the enemy was first stopped, and then, as a result of the Tikhvin offensive, was driven back beyond the river. Volkhov. Thus, until December 31, 1941, troops of 59 A combat operations they led.
11/18/1941 the division unloaded from the echelons in the Vologda region and marched north on foot. Place of publicationCombat Order No. 1 dated November 28, 1941, the settlement of Kovarzino was indicated, located about 130 km north of Vologda and 288 km east of the city of Tikhvin.
At the end of November and the first half of December, the division's units, constantly changing their places of deployment, made marches, continued training and built defensive structures. Then the division quickly advanced to Cherepovets, plunged into the echelons, which headed towards Tikhvin, and, before reaching it, unloaded again and continued to move on foot. It should be noted that in this section of their advance to the front, the division's units had already come under enemy air raids.
In accordance with the directive of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command of December 11, 1941, on December 17, the Volkhov Front was created, which also includedarriving 59th and 26th armies (the latter was soon renamed the Second Shock Army).
However, 366 sd was withdrawnin reserve front with a place of deployment in the district of Art. Terebutenets, south of Tikhvin (70 km), liberated on December 9, 1941, and east of st. Chudovo (about 100 km).
Luban offensive operation
Operation of the troops of the Volkhov Front ( ) with the assistance of the 54th Army of the Leningrad Front - part of the Battle of Leningrad 1941 - 1944. the main role was assigned to the Second Shock Army, at the disposal of which on January 16, 1942, the 366th rifle division. The day before, the division (without the 1218th regiment left in the 59th army) received an orderthe commander of the Volkhov Front to come out of the Pogorelets area and, making a forced march, by January 17 concentrated east of Dubovitsy - Gorodok. Initially, its task was to cover the rear and flanks of the 20th and 59th Rifle Regiments in order to prevent enemy counterattacks from the Yamno direction.
During the offensive, our troops broke through the enemy defenses and advanced 75 kilometers.
However, at the end of March, German troops launched a counterattack at the base of the breakthrough. The 2nd shock army was surrounded. Only at the end of June 1942 Tomsk division , which became the 19th Guards in these battles,with big lossesgot out of the environment. June 25died regimental division commander Nick Bulanov Semyon Ivanovich.
According to the directive of the Headquarters of the Supreme High Command of November 2, 1941 on the formation of 59A. The 366th Rifle Division was subordinate to it (commander Major General I.V. Galanin, Chief of Staff of the Army, Major General I.M. Tokarev), formed in the Siberian Military District. The army was in the reserve of the Supreme Command Headquarters and in November - the first half of December was engaged in the creation of a defensive line on the Sheksna River and the eastern shore of Lake Beloe.
11/18/1941 the division unloaded from the echelons in the Vologda region and marched north on foot. The place of issue of the Combat Order No. 1 of November 28 was the settlement of Kovarzino, located about 130 km. north of Vologda and 288 km. east of the city of Tikhvin, which was captured by German troops on November 8, 1941.
At the end of November and the first half of December, the division's units, constantly changing their places of deployment, made marches, continued training and built defensive structures. Then the division quickly advanced to Cherepovets, plunged into the echelons, which headed towards Tikhvin and, before reaching it, unloaded again and continued to move on foot. It should be noted that in this section of their advance to the front, the units of the division already fell under enemy air raids.
In accordance with the directive of the Headquarters of the Supreme Command of December 11, 1941, the Volkhov Front was created on December 17, which also included the arriving 59th and 26th armies (the latter was soon renamed the Second Shock Army).
19th Guards Rifle Rudny-Khingan Order of Lenin Red Banner Order of Suvorov Division Soviet army (Tomsk formation) - military unit armed forces Soviet Union in Great Patriotic War.
Short title: 19 GSD
In the active army from 03/17/1942.
Names
This military formation was created in Tomsk at the end of August 1941 as 366th Rifle Division(366 sd), transformed for military merit on March 17, 1942 into 19th Guards Rifle Division. The new numbering of the units of the division was assigned on April 20, 1942.
For special military merits, the formation received names for battles " Rudnenskaya» (heroic release the city of Rudnya during Smolensk offensive operation 1943) and " Khingan"(assault Greater Khingan during defeat of the Japanese Kwantung Army in August-September 1945), as well as for the mass heroism of the soldiers was awarded orders Lenin, Battle Red Banner and Suvorov.
Story
19th Guards Rifle Division of the Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army(19 Guards Rifle Division of the Red Army USSR) was formed on the territory of the city of Tomsk (the territory of the Tomsk City Military Commissariat of the Novosibirsk Region]]) at the end of August 1941 as 366th Rifle Division of the Red Army(366th division of the Red Army). She showed heroism in battles and was awarded the title guards division(including her number was changed).
She participated in the Lyuban and Sinyavino offensive operations, fought offensive battles during the Velikoluksky operation, in the Smolensk offensive operation (1943). In October 1943 - May 1944, the division as part of the troops Kalininsky(since October 20, 1943 - 1st Baltic), then 3rd Belorussian fronts led active fighting on the Vitebsk om direction.
In the summer of 1944, the 19th Guards Rifle Division took part in the Belarusian offensive operation. For the exemplary performance of the tasks of the command to break through the Vitebsk fortified area of the enemy, she was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Battle, and for the skillful and decisive actions that contributed to the liberation of the city of Kovno (Kaunas) by the troops, she was awarded the Order of Suvorov II degree.
In October 1944, the division took part in offensive battles on the outskirts of East Prussia and on its territory.
High combat skill, bravery and courage were shown by the soldiers-guards in East Prussian operation 1945.
For the exemplary performance of combat missions on the territory of East Prussia, the valor and courage of the personnel, the division was awarded the Order of Lenin on February 19, 1945. After the defeat of the troops Nazi Germany, as part of the 39th Army, the 19th Guards Rifle Division was regrouped into Far East, included in Transbaikal Front and in August 1945 participated in the war with the imperialist
By November 1941, the 366th Infantry Division was formed in Tomsk under the command of Colonel S.I. Bulanova, participant civil war. E.M. was appointed Commissioner. Manevich. Already on November 8-10, she, as a combat-ready unit, left for the front. Having unloaded in Vologda, the division under difficult climatic conditions made a 600-kilometer march on foot and on January 8, 1942, as part of the troops of the 52nd Army of the Volkhov Front, began military operations near Tikhvin against the Nazi troops. Volkhov front, Myasnoy Bor, Novgorod region (Death Valley), the hardest battles with the 16th Nazi army, whose task was complete environment Leningrad. Especially heavy fighting in the Luban direction unfolded in March-April 1942, when the German command pulled up to 5 infantry divisions there. The fighting had to be carried out in swamps, without roads, in deep snow. The artillery did not keep up with the combat formations of the infantry, there was not enough ammunition and food. The narrow-gauge railway from Myasny Bor to Lyuban ceased to operate, and the fighters, under shelling and bombing, carried ammunition and food. In June 1942, the 19th Guards fought in encirclement, pinning down significant enemy forces. Only after receiving an order and destroying military equipment, the division began to break through the encirclement and left, having lost many of its fighters and commander S.I. Bulanova. Myasnoy Bor, as if by someone's evil irony, became a bloody meat grinder, which in 1942, during the Luban operation, ground many tens of thousands of lives and destinies of Soviet soldiers.On March 17, 1942, the 366th Rifle Division was reorganized into the 19th guards division. The battles on the Sinyavinsky Heights, active participation in the liberation of the city of Velikiye Luki, turned into a fortress by the enemy, brought the deserved glory to the division.
Since May 1943, the 19th Guards has been actively fighting in the Smolensk region, liberating the cities of Dukhovshchina, Liozno, Rudnya and others, and by the beginning of September it enters the land of long-suffering Belarus. September 29, 1943 she was given the honorary name - Rudnyanskaya.
On July 2, 1944, a division consisting of the 5th Guards rifle corps liberated Vitebsk. For this feat, the division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In total on the territory of Belarus, she released more than 600 settlements. She was one of the first to enter Lithuania. For the liberation of Kaunas, the division was awarded the Order of Suvorov, 2nd class.
Despite the fierce resistance of the enemy, in October 1944 the 19th Guards crossed the border of East Prussia, began an assault on the city - the fortress of Koenigsberg. For military operations in Prussia, she is awarded the Order of Lenin.
Less than three days after Victory Day, the division raced in echelons across the entire Union to the east, to new battles - with the Japanese militarists. Here, by their actions, the 19th Guards contributed to the defeat of the vaunted Kwantung Army. For the successful overcoming of the Great Khingan ridge, it is given the name - Khinganskaya.
The modest 366th returned from the war with the 19th Guards Rudnyansko-Khinganskaya Order of Lenin, Red Banner, Order of Suvorov 2nd degree rifle division. 12 golden stars of Heroes shone on the chest of her warriors.
Today, the division's battle flag is installed in the Victory Hall of the Central Museum of the Armed Forces. In Tomsk there is a street of the 19th Guards Division.
The division fought in the compositions:
2nd shock army (May - October 1942),
52nd Army, 3rd Shock Army,
39th Army - since August 1943.
Division's combat path:
1. Lubanskaya offensive from January 7 - April 30, 1942. The goal is to de-siege Leningrad.
2. Sinyavino offensive operation from August 19 - October 10, 1942. The goal is to de-blockade Leningrad and disrupt a new enemy attack on the city.
3. Velikie Luki offensive operation from November 24, 1942 - January 20, 1943. Purpose: to defeat the enemy on the left wing of Army Group Center near the city of Velikie Luki (Pskov region)
4. Smolensk offensive operation from August 7 - October 2, 1943 Purpose: to defeat the enemy on the left wing of Army Group Center in the area of the city of Smolensk.
5. Belarusian offensive operation from June 23 - August 29, 1944. Purpose: the defeat of the Nazi Army Group Center and the liberation of the BSSR.
6. Baltic offensive operation from September 14 - November 24, 1944. Purpose: defeat of the Nazi troops in the Baltic states and liberation of the Soviet republics.
7. East Prussian offensive operation from January 13 - April 25, 1945. Purpose: defeat of the enemy grouping in East Prussia and northern Poland.
8. Manchurian offensive operation from August 9 - September 2, 1945. Purpose: defeat of the Kwantung army, liberation of Manchuria and North Korea from the Japanese aggressors.
Additional Information:
http://blokada.otrok.ru/text.php?s=lu&t=11
Http://www.dn.kz/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=537:2012-06-26-07-35-37&catid=2:2011-10-23-11-43-45&Itemid=4
http://gorod.tomsk.ru/index-1296041325.php
http://gorod.tomsk.ru/index-1296126881.php
http://gorod.tomsk.ru/index-1296185685.php
http://militera.lib.ru/research/0/pdf/beshanov_vv03.pdf