Superscript. The meaning of superscript in the dictionary of linguistic terms
Combinations of two or more letters to denote one sound (compare the diacritic š versus the French ch, German sch, English sh to denote the Russian sound and the letter “sh”). Diacritics are used with both vowels and consonants. The main disadvantage of diacritics is that the letter is cluttered with small but important details, the omission of which can lead to serious errors, for example, when reading the Koran in Arabic. There are languages in which diactic signs are not so common (Russian) or are practically not used (English). In some cases, there is a tendency for diacritized letters to be replaced by digraphs (German: ö > oe in printed text and computerization).
StoryThe oldest diacritics were probably the symbols for longitude and brevity in Greek, as well as Greek accent marks. Diacritics are most widely used in languages that have a Latin alphabet. This is due to the fact that in classical Latin there were no sibilants, nasal vowels, palatalized (softened) vowels, which were present or developed in other languages, especially unrelated ones. So, if in Italian it is possible to convey sibilants purely positionally (for example, in the word città “citta” - “city”, where c + i automatically means a sibilant sound), then in other languages not related to Latin this is impossible. The languages most loaded with sound-distinguishing diacritics are Czech, Slovak, Turkish, Romanian, Polish, Lithuanian, and Vietnamese. In Portuguese and French, vowel sounds (ê, è, ë, ï, ã) are subject to strong diacritization - both sound and semantic distinctiveness, and purely etymological: île< лат. insula "остров". В романских языках имеется и особых диакритизованный согласный ç, в испанском - буква ñ, возникшая в результате надстрочного "двухэтажного" написания двух букв nn в латинских словах типа annum >anno> аñо "year". ClassificationDiacritics can be classified in various ways. 1. By place of style: superscript, subscript, intrascript. 2. According to the method of drawing: freely attached to the main sign or requiring its shape to be changed. 3. According to phonetic-spelling meaning (the classification is incomplete and the categories are not mutually exclusive):
4. By formal status:
5. According to mandatory use:
If necessary (for example, in the case of technical limitations), the diacritic may be omitted, sometimes with the insertion or replacement of letters of the word. Identical-looking diacritics can have different meanings, names, and statuses in different languages and writing systems. Attribution of a particular element graphics system to diacritics is largely conditional. Thus, in modern Russian writing one can find “diacritics” of varying indisputability (from absolute to almost zero):
Basic diacriticsComment. There are no well-established Russian names for most diacritics. Currently competing:
The situation is further complicated by the fact that two characters that are different in one language may turn out to be interchangeable font variants in another.
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Previously, many words were abbreviated, and all kinds of signs were used for this: superscript - above the line; lowercase - in a line.
1. Oxia.
2. Varia. Let’s say we see “option” in the word.
3. Brief. Let’s say: “Y” (I - short), “O - short”, “U - short”.
4. Zvatelzo- indicates the vocative form. Let’s say in the sentence: “Panas, what time is it?”, above “Panas” (above the first letter “P”) we put a caller.
5. ISO- this is a reverse form, i.e. when they contact. Let’s say: “Panas, have you believed in God?”
6. Apostrophe. Now the apostrophe has been changed to a comma.
7. Chamber.
8. Quote- placed between letters, i.e. Previously, the text was continuous and they put quotation marks, as if it stood out.
9. Erok.
10. Comma- placed at the bottom of the line.
11. Colon.
12. Point- indicates a universal scale, i.e. Izhei (i) we have one point.
13. Interrogative.
14. Amazing.
15. Roomy.
16. Titla(or title) - abbreviated literal meaning.
17. Digital title- to designate numbers, i.e. .
18. Measured title.
19. Numeral title.
20. Words– a title that abbreviates a word in which the base of the abbreviation lies on the initial letter Word (C).
21. Rtsititlo- i.e. abbreviation when the initial letter Rtsi (P) is used.
22. Dobrotitlo. There may be two recording options (see table).
23. Recital title- means that these initial letters must be read by their images (see example KLM).
Examples
* God– with the title (i.e., shortened form), we read the image of the initial letters “God creates with the verb.”
* Sayer of goodness- Christians turned this abbreviation into “Lord”, and according to the images it was simply “who speaks good.” The truth does nothing, only speaks, and talking is not enough, you also have to do... that’s why it is said: “According to their deeds, teach them.”
* KLM– in the chronicle there is this abbreviation and at the top a reciting title, when Tsar Ivan gave an answer to the people’s request to return to reign. Soviet translators translated it as “Kolomna,” as if the tsar was asking Kolomna, “Should I return to the throne or not?” you need to read by the names of the initial letters: “How People Think,” i.e. The king addressed all the people: “How do you people think.”
SUPERLINE SIGN
An icon above a letter indicating that. it must be read differently than without it (see diacritic).
Dictionary of linguistic terms. 2012
See also interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what is SUPERLINE SIGN in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:
- SIGN in the Newest Philosophical Dictionary:
a material, sensually perceived object (event, action or phenomenon), acting in cognition as an indication, designation or representative of another object, event, ... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Postmodernism:
- traditionally - a material, sensually perceived object (event, action or phenomenon), acting in cognition as an indication, designation or representative... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Fine Arts Terms:
- (from the French "signe", Latin "signum" - mark) a man-made image, the meaning of which is known. Since the 15th century, the word "sign" has become... - SIGN
BRANDED - see PRODUCT... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
TRADE - see TRADE... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
PRODUCT - see PRODUCT... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
CUSTOMS OFFICIAL. see CUSTOMS OFFICIAL SIGN... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
COMPLIANCE - registered in in the prescribed manner a mark that, according to the rules established in this certification system, confirms the conformity of the products marked with it... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
DIFFERENCES - exchange: sign (icon) certifying the rank of membership on ... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
The President of the Russian Federation is one of the symbols of presidential power. Entrusted to the President of the Russian Federation as the head of state for the period of his powers as Chairman... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
BORDER - see BORDER... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
SERVICES - a designation capable of distinguishing the services of some legal entities or individuals from similar services of other legal entities or individuals. Legal... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
VINTAGE - see VINTAGE... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
COLLECTIVE - see COLLECTIVE SIGN... - SIGN in the Dictionary of Economic Terms:
ARMS - see ARMS ... - SIGN
a material, sensually perceived object (phenomenon, action), which acts as a representative of another object, property or relationship. There are linguistic and non-linguistic signs; ... - SIGN
a material object (phenomenon, event) that acts as a representative of some other object, property or relationship and is used for acquisition, storage, processing... - SIGN
officer - a special breastplate, which used to be a common part of officer uniforms. Its original purpose was to serve as a chest protector, but gradually... - SIGN in the Modern Encyclopedic Dictionary:
- SIGN in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
an object (phenomenon, action) that acts as a representative of an ancient object, property or relationship and is used for acquisition, storage, processing and transfer... - SUPERLINE V Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, oh, oh. Located above the line. N. ... - SIGN in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
, -a,m. 1. A mark, image, object, with which something is marked or designated. conditional h. Road signs(on highways, on streets: informing... - SIGN
LANGUAGE, a unit of language (morpheme, word, phrase, sentence), used to designate objects or phenomena of reality and their relationships, to designate... - SIGN in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
COMMODITABLE, see Commodity... - SIGN in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
SERVICES, see Product... - SUPERLINE in the Complete Accented Paradigm according to Zaliznyak:
superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, superscript, … - SIGN in the Popular Explanatory Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Russian Language:
-a, m. 1) Image on some. an object, serving to distinguish it from similar ones or to indicate something; brand, mark. ... - SIGN in Abramov's Dictionary of Synonyms:
sign, omen, difference; icon, meta (label), mark, brand, seal, stamp, brand, tamga; letter, number, dash; sign, omen, harbinger, harbinger, signal, ... - SUPERLINE in the New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
adj. Located above… - SIGN in Lopatin's Dictionary of the Russian Language:
sign, … - SIGN in the Complete Spelling Dictionary of the Russian Language:
sign, … - SIGN in the Spelling Dictionary:
sign, … - SUPERLINE
located above the N line... - SIGN in Ozhegov’s Dictionary of the Russian Language:
a gesture with which movement is signaled, something is communicated. Signs with the hand. a sign of external detection, a sign of something. Signs of attention. Silence - h. consent. ... - SUPERLINE in Dahl's Dictionary:
the sign above the line... - SIGN in Dahl's Dictionary:
husband. sign, omen, difference; omen; foreshadowing; sensory evidence, evidence; sensory expression, detection of something. Customs sign, stamp. - distinctions, order. -... - SUPERLINE
superscript, superscript. Located above a line of text. Superscript... - SIGN in Ushakov’s Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language:
sign, m. 1. Sign, omen, by which the Crimea is recognized, something is recognized. The child was recognized by a sign on his left shoulder. And in the bathhouse... - SUPERLINE in Ephraim's Explanatory Dictionary:
superscript adj. Located above… - SUPERLINE in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
adj. Located above… - SUPERLINE in the Bolshoi Modern explanatory dictionary Russian language:
adj. Located above… - SUPERLINE INDEX in the Thesaurus of Russian Business Vocabulary:
Syn: upper... - SUPERLINE INDEX in the Russian Language Thesaurus:
Syn: upper... - TITLO in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(from Greek titlos - inscription) a superscript indicating an abbreviated spelling of a word or the numerical value of a letter in medieval Latin, Greek ... - TITLO in Bolshoi Soviet encyclopedia, TSB:
less often than a title (from the Greek titles - inscription), in ancient and medieval (Greek, Latin, Slavic) writing a superscript above the abbreviated spelling ... - TILDE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
(Spanish tilde, from Latin titulus - inscription), a sign (lowercase, superscript or subscript) in the form of a wavy dash (~) the size of a hyphen or ... - LABELED CONNECTIONS in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
compounds (synthesis), chemical compounds, in which the atoms of one or more elements (“tags”) have an isotopic composition that differs from the main natural one. IN … - in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Euphron:
the twenty-seventh letter of the Russian alphabet, dating back to the Old Slavonic (ancient Bulgarian) Cyrillic b79_094-1.jpg, one of the new signs of the Slavic alphabet, specially invented ...