Posters of the first five-year plans. The state of the Soviet economy after the war
PRACTICAL WORK ON THE TOPIC: USSR IN 1945 - 1991 Control test work Option I 1. Which of the following happened in the USSR in the first post-war years? 1) the adoption of the new Constitution of the USSR 2) the change of the top party and state leadership 3) monetary reform 4) the beginning of the development of virgin lands 2. The First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU after the death of I.V. Stalin was elected: 1) L.P. Beria 2) G.M. Malenkov 3) V.M. Molotov 4) N.S. Khrushchev 3. The economic reform in 1965 was headed by: 1) N.I. Ryzhkov 2) N.A. Voznesensky 3) A.N. Kosygin 4) V.M. Molotov 4. Put in the correct order the following events in the history of the country from 1945 to 1991: a) the election of M.S. Gorbachev as President of the USSR; b) development of virgin lands; c) the split of Germany; d) the entry of Soviet troops into Afghanistan; e) proclaiming the course of perestroika; f) Caribbean crisis; 5. Select from the list of events related to the process of the collapse of the USSR. 1) signing of the Belovezhskaya agreements; 2) an attempted coup by the State Committee for the State of Emergency; 3) adoption of the Constitution of 1993; 4) secession of the Baltic republics from the USSR; 5) signing the SALT1 agreement. 6. Set the correct match. CULTURAL WORKERS 1) Solzhenitsyn A.I.; 2) Plisetskaya M.; 3) Bodrov S.; 4) Tabakov O. 7. Establish a correspondence between events and periods in the history of the USSR: EVENTS 1) Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe; 2) the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan; 3) dissolution of the ATS; 4) "Prague Spring". 8. Fill in the empty cells of the table using the data presented in the list below. For each cell marked with letters, select the number of the required element. AREA OF CULTURE a) ballet. b) cinema; to the theatre; d) literature; PERIODS OF HISTORY A) 1964-1985; B) 1985-1991 Events __________(A) Renaming of people's commissariats into ministries __________(C) Dates 1962 1946 1986 Adoption of the Constitution of "developed socialism" __________(E) Leader of the USSR in this period N. S. Khrushchev __________(B) __________( D) __________(F) Missing elements: 1) catastrophe on Chernobyl nuclear power plant 2) the execution of a workers' demonstration in Novocherkassk 3) 1953 4) the establishment of the post of President of the USSR 5) the testing of the first Soviet nuclear bomb 6) I. V. Stalin 7) L. I. Brezhnev 8) M. S. Gorbachev 9) 1977 Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters: A B C D E F 9. Read the excerpt from the politician's statement. “The secretariat, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU did not oppose the coup. The Central Committee failed to take a resolute position of condemnation and opposition, did not rouse the communists to fight against the violation of constitutional legality. Among the conspirators were members of the party leadership, a number of party committees and funds mass media supported the actions of state criminals. This put the communists in a false position. Many members of the party refused to cooperate with the conspirators, condemned the coup and joined the struggle against it. No one has the moral right to indiscriminately accuse all communists, and as President I consider myself obliged to protect them as citizens from unfounded accusations. In this situation, the Central Committee of the CPSU must take a difficult but honest decision to dissolve itself. The fate of the republican communist parties and local party organizations will be determined by them themselves. I do not consider it possible for me to continue to perform functions Secretary General Central Committee of the CPSU and resign the relevant powers. Using the passage and knowledge of history, select three correct judgments from the list provided. Write down in response the numbers under which they are indicated. 1) The author of the statement held at the same time as the Secretary General an important public office. 2) One of those whom the author of the statement calls conspirators was G. I. Yanaev. 3) The conspirators referred to in this passage , were in cahoots with the President of the Russian Federation. 4) The author declares that all members of the party supported the conspirators. 5) The statement was made in 1993. 6) During the same year when this statement was made, the activity of the party named in the extract was terminated on the territory of Russia. 10. Look at the picture and do the task Which statements about the poster are correct? Choose two sentences from the five offered. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table. 1) The poster appeared during the restoration five-year plan. 2) N. S. Khrushchev was the leader of the country during the period when the poster appeared. 3) The period when this poster appeared went down in history as a “thaw”. 4) During the development of virgin lands, the grain crop, to which the poster is dedicated, was predominant. 5) The result of the corn company was the solution of the problem of supplying the country with food. PRACTICAL WORK ON THE TOPIC: USSR IN 1945 - 1991 Control test work Option II 1. What were people called in the late 1960s - mid 1980s who did not share the ideology that dominated the USSR? 1) dissidents 2) cosmopolitans 3) dispossessed 4) anarchists 2. What event happened in connection with the celebration of the 300th anniversary of Ukraine's entry into the Russian state? 1) holding a festival of youth and students in Kyiv 2) the transfer of Crimea from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR 3) the launch of a hydroelectric power station on the Dnieper 4) the opening of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 3. Which of the above refers to the reasons for the transition of the Soviet leadership to the perestroika policy? 1) the collapse of the world socialist system 2) "stagnation", crisis phenomena in all spheres of society 3) the requirements of international organizations 4) mass demonstrations of the population against the regime 4. Put in the correct order the following events in the history of Russia 1945-1991; a) dispersal of the CPSU on the territory of Russia; b) the election of Yeltsin B.N. President of the RSFSR; c) the formation of economic councils; d) "the case of doctors"; e) implementation of the "Kosygin" reforms; f) the board of Chernenko K.U. 5. Select from the list of events related to the reign of Brezhnev L.I. 1) increase in the number of officials; 2) publicity policy; 3) the growth of the privileges of the nomenklatura; 4) neo-Stalinism; 5) interethnic conflict in the Ferghana Valley. 6. Establish the correct correspondence between the characteristic features of the development of culture and periods of history. CHARACTERISTICS 1) tight control; 2) publicity; 3) dudes; 4) samizdat 7. Establish the correct correspondence between the events and periods of the foreign policy of the USSR EVENTS 1) the collapse of the world socialist system; 2) new political thinking; 3) resumption of diplomatic relations with Japan; 4) creation of the Organization of Warsaw Pact countries. 8. Fill in the empty cells of the table using the data presented in the list below. For each cell marked with letters, select the number of the required element. PERIODS OF CARRYING OUT a) thaw; b) stagnation; A) 1953-1964; B) 1985 1991; PERIODS c) perestroika; d) post-war period. Events Dates Leader of the USSR in __________(A) renaming People's Commissariats into ministries __________(B) adoption of the Constitution of "developed socialism" 1962 1946 1986 this period N.S. Khrushchev __________(B) __________(D) __________(E) __________(F) Missing elements: 1) Chernobyl disaster 2) Caribbean crisis 3) 1953 4) establishment of the post of President of the USSR 5) testing of the first Soviet nuclear bomb 6) I. V. Stalin 7) L. I. Brezhnev 8) M. S. Gorbachev 9) 1977 Write down the numbers in response, arranging them in the order corresponding to the letters: A B C D E E 9. From the article of Marshal S. F. Akhromeeva. “In general, for the Armed Forces in peacetime, the expenditure of material resources in Afghanistan was very sensitive. Afghanistan was costly. Every day of the war the 40th army cost 6.06.5 million rubles.< .. >The war in Afghanistan damaged the prestige of the Soviet Armed Forces. They were given an illegal and unrealistic task: to force the people, numbering 17 million people, by military means, to submit to an unpopular government based on Soviet bayonets.<...>The illusory nature of the illusions that some people had about the fact that the Soviet troops would not need to fight in Afghanistan was obvious in advance to sane people. They, they say, will stand as garrisons, protecting the revolutionary regime from attempts to overthrow it by external forces, and the Afghan army itself will cope with the internal rebel forces. Reality quickly dispelled these illusions. The Soviet troops had to get involved in a nine-year bloody adventure<...>". Using the passage, choose three correct statements from the list below. Write down in response the numbers under which they are indicated. 1) the participation of Soviet troops in the war referred to in the text was approved by the United Nations. 2) the war referred to in the text began for the Soviet troops in 1979. 3) during this war, the enemy of the Soviet troops used partisan methods of struggle. 4) the head of the country at the beginning of the war referred to in the text was M. S. Gorbachev. 5) according to the author, Soviet troops could not solve the tasks assigned to them in this war. 6) the war referred to in the text lasted less than three years. 10. Look at the image and do the task What judgments associated with this image are correct? Choose two sentences from the five offered. Write down the numbers under which they are indicated in the table. 1) During the period of the Olympics, the symbols of which are shown in the image, the Soviet Union was led by N. S. Khrushchev. 2) The Olympics, the symbols of which are shown in the image, became the second Olympics held on the territory of the USSR. 3) This image shows the symbols of the Winter Olympic Games held in Moscow. 4) The US team did not take part in the Olympics, the symbols of which are shown in the image. 5) The USSR boycotted the next Olympic Games, which were held in the USA after the Moscow Olympics.
A democratic form of government must be established in the USSR.
Vernadsky V.I.
Second World War was tragic for Soviet society not only in terms of human losses, but also in terms of devastation. The economy of the USSR after the war was in a difficult situation. During the 4 years of the war, the USSR lost:
- 1710 cities and towns.
- 31850 factories and plants.
- 1135 mines.
- 65 thousand km of railway.
All this was destroyed. In addition to this, the sown area in the country has decreased by more than 36 million hectares, the national wealth of the country has decreased by 1/3. Such was the state of the Soviet economy after the war.
On May 11, 1945, the United States stops Lend-Lease supplies, and the USSR begins to transfer the economy from a military focus to a civilian one. It is important to note that the economic recovery, albeit at a slow pace, began as early as 1943. The territories liberated from the Germans were gradually put in order. But the main breakthrough, of course, was to happen after the victory.
Post-war development
The general state of the Soviet economy after the war was difficult, and the economy in key industries was set back 10-15 years. The USSR had 2 alternative plans for development and economic recovery.
ON THE. Voznesensky, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, proposed to restore the economy, using the experience civil war. He actually spoke about the resurrection of the NEP, and the bet on private enterprise. In the end, the point of view of Stalin, who spoke about military measures for restoration, won out.
In 1945-46, the following transformations were made in the country:
- abolished State Committee Defense (GKO).
- Transformation of the military People's Commissariats into civilian ones.
- Transfer of People's Commissariats to Ministries.
At the same time, working conditions are being normalized. The state is abolishing mandatory overtime work. The length of the working day again, as before the war, is 8 hours. People are given annual paid holidays. The final restructuring of the USSR economy in a peaceful way took place by the end of 1946.
Fourth five-year plan
In 1946-1950, the 4th five-year plan was carried out in the USSR, which was supposed to return the economy of the USSR to its previous positions. The main tasks of the 4th five-year plan:
- Industry - increase production by 48%.
- Agriculture - increase productivity by 27%.
- Salaries - increase by 48%.
- Card system - cancel.
- Build 2700 new businesses. Repair 3,400 large and medium-sized enterprises destroyed during the war.
The directives of the Fourth Five-Year Plan were approved in March 1946. The indicators were taken from the calculation of the increase in pre-war values. The 48% increase in workers' wages did not mean an increase in the 1944 or 1945 amount, but an increase in the 1940 amount. It was not possible to achieve the planned indicator in agriculture. This is due to a severe drought, as a result of which famine began in Moldova and Ukraine.
One of the indicators that show the state of the Soviet economy after the Second World War may be the growth rate of labor productivity. Graphically, this data looks like this.
Data show percentage change indicator relative to 1913. The figures are taken from the statistical collection "USSR in Figures", published in 1958. The Soviet leadership often exaggerated the figures, but even if we assume that the figures are doubled, we still get huge growth rates that significantly exceed the figures. capitalist countries. This was achieved thanks to the Stalinist model of the economy, which literally saved the country: it prepared for the war and made it possible to overcome its consequences in the shortest possible time.
By the end of 1950, the Soviet economy was almost completely restored after the war.
In these April days, 85 years ago, the beginning of the implementation of the First Five-Year Plan for the Development of the National Economy was announced. The 16th Conference of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, which took place from April 23 to 29, introduced Soviet man new word - "five-year plan".
Mass poster propaganda was a feature of its time both in the Soviet Union and abroad. High value given to growth industrial production required an active information campaign to promote the relevant values.
Feature propaganda of that time - an appeal to the unanimous approval of the common cause. The picture shows a poster from 1930, dedicated to the adoption of the First Five-Year Plan (1928-1933, actually completed by the end of 1932).
The Soviet government stimulated industry to fulfill production plans ahead of schedule. The slogan "Five-Year Plan in Four Years" became one of the most recognizable signs not only of the 1930s, but of many subsequent ones. Soviet periods.
Sometimes this slogan acquired a complex mathematical content. Here is a poster from 1931, where the first five-year plan consists of two two-year plans plus "the enthusiasm of the workers."
Posters in the style of the Soviet avant-garde are another feature of the interwar period. Pictured is a 1930 poster.
Naturally, without shaming the foreign bourgeoisie, which has fallen into " general crisis capitalism," was not enough. In fairness, we note that against the background of the severe crisis of the Western economy of 1929-1933 and the Great Depression that began after it, the growth rates of Soviet industry in the 1930s were really impressive.
Each industry, each sector of the economy was proud of its success and ordered a separate propaganda production for itself. The picture shows a poster from 1933, dedicated to the success of the sugar industry in the 1st Five-Year Plan.
Comparing the past and the present is necessary to improve the future, while it is desirable not to repeat the mistakes of the ancestors. The USSR is once a mighty superpower that made a significant contribution to the development of society in its time. Five-year plans were one of the cornerstones of the life of Soviet citizens. According to their results, historians can judge the industrialization of the country, compare the achievements of the past and the present, find out how far our generation has gone technologically and what else is worth striving for. So, the topic of this article is the five-year plan in the USSR. The table below will help to structure the acquired knowledge in a logical order.
First Five-Year Plan (1928-1932)
So, it began in the name of building socialism. The country after the revolution needed industrialization in order to keep up with the leading European powers. In addition, only with the help of an accelerated build-up of industrial potential could it be possible to rally the country and bring the USSR to a new military level, as well as to raise the level of agriculture throughout the vast territory. According to the government, a strict and irreproachable plan was needed.
Thus, the main goal was to build up military power as quickly as possible.
The main tasks of the first five-year plan
At the XIV Congress of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks, at the end of 1925, Stalin expressed the idea that it was necessary to turn the USSR from a country importing imported weapons and equipment into a country that itself could produce and supply all this to other states. Of course, there were people who expressed an ardent protest, but it was suppressed by the opinion of the majority. Stalin himself became interested in making the country a leader in the very first five-year plan, putting metallurgy in first place. So, the process of industrialization had to go through 4 stages:
- Revival of transport infrastructure.
- Expansion of economic sectors related to the extraction of materials and agriculture.
- Redistribution of state-owned enterprises across the territory.
- Changes in the work of the energy complex.
All four processes did not take place in turn, but were intricately intertwined. Thus began the first five-year plan for the industrialization of the country.
It was not possible to realize all the ideas, however, the production of heavy industry increased almost 3 times, and mechanical engineering - 20 times. Naturally, such a successful completion of the project caused quite natural joy for the government. Of course, the first five-year plans in the USSR were hard for people. A table with the results of the first of them would contain the following words as a slogan or subtitle: "The main thing is to start!"
It was at this time that many recruiting posters appeared, reflecting the main goal and identity of the Soviet people.
The main construction projects at that time were coal mines in the Donbass and Kuzbass, the Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. Thanks to this, it was possible to achieve the financial independence of the USSR. The most prominent building is the DneproGES. The year 1932 was marked by the end of not only the first five-year plan, but also the most important construction for heavy industry.
The new power by leaps and bounds strengthens its status in Europe.
Five Year Plan Number Two (1933-1937)
The second five-year plan in high circles was called the "five-year plan of collectivization" or "public education." It was approved by the VII Congress of the CPSU (b). After heavy industry, the country needed the development of the national economy. This area has become main goal second five-year plan.
The main directions of the second five-year plan
The main forces and finances of the government at the beginning of the "five-year plan of collectivization" were directed to the construction of metallurgical plants. Uralo-Kuzbass appeared, the first current of the DneproGES started up. The country did not lag behind scientific achievements. So, the second five-year plan was marked by the first landing at the North Pole of the Papanin expedition, the polar station SP-1 appeared. The subway was under construction.
At this time, great emphasis was placed on among the workers. The most famous drummer of the five-year plan is Alexei Stakhanov. In 1935, he set a new record by completing the norm of 14 shifts in one shift.
Third Five-Year Plan (1938-1942)
The beginning of the Third Five-Year Plan was marked by the slogan: “To catch up and overtake the production of products per capita of the developed The main efforts of the government were aimed at increasing the country's defense capability, just as in the first Five-Year Plan, because of which the production of consumer goods suffered.
Directions of the third five-year plan
By the beginning of 1941, almost half (43%) of the country's capital investments went to raising the level of heavy industry. On the eve of the war in the USSR, in the Urals and in Siberia, fuel and energy bases developed rapidly. It was necessary for the government to create a "second Baku" - a new oil production area, which was supposed to appear between the Volga and the Urals.
Particular attention was paid to tank, aviation and other plants of this kind. The level of production of ammunition and artillery pieces has increased significantly. However, the armament of the USSR still lagged behind the Western one, in particular from the German one, but they were not in a hurry with the release of new types of weapons even in the first months of the war.
Fourth Five-Year Plan (1946-1950)
After the war, all countries had to revive their production and economy, the USSR managed to do this almost completely at the end of the 40s, when the fourth term began. The five-year plan did not imply an increase in military power, as before, but the revival of a society lost in all spheres of life during the war.
The main achievements of the fourth five-year plan
In just two years, the same level of industrial production as before the war was reached, even though the plans for the second and third five-year plans put forward harsh work standards. In 1950, the main production assets returned to the 1940 level. When the 4th Five-Year Plan ended, the industry grew by 41%, and the construction of buildings - by 141%.
The new DneproGES was put into operation again, all the mines of Donbass were restored. On this note, the 4th five-year period ended.
Fifth Five-Year Plan (1951-1955)
During the Fifth Five-Year Plan, the atomic weapon, appears in Obninsk, and at the beginning of 1953, N. S. Khrushchev took the post of head of state instead of I. V. Stalin.
The main achievements of the fifth five-year plan
Since capital investments in industry doubled, the volume of output also increased (by 71%), in agriculture - by 25%. Soon new metallurgical plants were built - Caucasian and Cherepovets. The Tsimlyanskaya and Gorkovskaya HPPs were featured in full or in part on the front page. And at the end of the fifth five-year plan, science heard about atomic and hydrogen bombs.
Finally, the first and Omsk oil refineries were built, and the rate of coal production increased significantly. And 12.5 million hectares of new lands came into circulation.
Sixth Five-Year Plan (1956-1960)
Over 2 500 largest enterprises came into operation when the sixth five-year plan began. At the end of it, in 1959, a parallel seven-year plan began. The national income of the country has risen by 50%. Capital investments at this time doubled again, which led to the extensive development of light industry.
The main achievements of the sixth five-year plan
Gross industrial output and Agriculture increased by more than 60%. Gorkovskaya, Volzhskaya, Kuibyshevskaya were completed, and by the end of the five-year plan, the world's largest worsted plant was built in Ivanovo. Active development of virgin lands began in Kazakhstan. The USSR finally got a nuclear missile shield.
The world's first satellite was launched on October 4, 1957. Heavy industry developed with incredible efforts. However, there were more failures, so the government organized a seven-year plan, including the seventh five-year plan and the last two years of the sixth.
Seventh Five-Year Plan (1961-1965)
As you know, in April 1961, the first man in the world flew into space. This event marked the beginning of the seventh five-year plan. The national income of the country continues to grow rapidly and increases by almost 60% over the next five years. The level of gross industrial output increased by 83%, agriculture - by 15%.
By the middle of 1965, the USSR had taken a leading position in the extraction of coal and iron ore, as well as in the production of cement, and this is not surprising. The country was still actively developing heavy industry and the construction industry, cities were growing before our eyes, and cement was needed for strong buildings.
Eighth Five-Year Plan (1966-1970)
The five-year plan did not involve the production of materials, but the construction of new buildings and factories. Cities continue to expand. Leonid Brezhnev takes over as head of state. During these five years, many metro stations appeared, the West Siberian and Karaganda metallurgical plants, the first automobile plant VAZ (output: 600 thousand cars per year), the Krasnoyarsk hydroelectric power station - the largest station in the world at that time.
Active housing construction solved the problem of deprivation (the echo of the war still reverberated in big cities). At the end of 1969, more than 5 million residents received new apartments. After the flight of Yu. A. Gagarin into space, astronomy made a big leap forward, the first lunar rover was created, soil was brought from the Moon, the machines reached the surface of Venus.
Ninth Five-Year Plan (1971-1975)
During the ninth five-year plan, more than a thousand industrial enterprises were built, the gross volume of industrial production increased by 45%, and that of agriculture - by 15%. The automotive industry is actively developing, cars are being repaired and railways. Capital investments exceeded 300 billion rubles a year.
Development of oil and gas wells in Western Siberia led to the construction of many enterprises, the laying of oil pipelines. Since, with the advent of a large number of factories, the level of the employed population also increased, the sign “Drummer of the Ninth Five-Year Plan” was established (for difference in labor and production).
Tenth Five-Year Plan (1976-1980)
The active increase in national income and industrial output begins to decline. Now the country does not need a huge growth of enterprises, but the stable development of all industries is always necessary.
Oil production came to the fore, so in five years a lot of oil pipelines were built, stretching across Western Siberia, where hundreds of stations deployed their work. The number of working equipment has increased significantly: tractors, combines, trucks.
Eleventh Five-Year Plan (1981-1985)
An extremely turbulent time began for the USSR. Everyone in the government felt the coming of the crisis, for which there were many reasons: internal, external, political and economic. At one time, it was possible to change the structure of power without abandoning socialism, but none of this was produced. Because of the crisis, the people occupying the leading positions of the state were replaced very quickly. So, L. I. Brezhnev remained secretary of the CPSU Central Committee until 11/10/1982, Yu. V. Andropov held this position until 02/13/1984, K. U. Chernenko - until 03/10/1985.
Gas transportation from Western Siberia to Western Europe continues to develop. The Urengoy-Pomary-Uzhgorod oil pipeline, 4,500 km long, was built, crossing the Ural Range and hundreds of rivers.
Twelfth Five-Year Plan (1986-1990)
The last five-year plan for the USSR. During her time, it was planned to implement a long-term economic strategy, but the plans were not destined to come true. At this time, many received the badge of the shock worker of the twelfth five-year plan: collective farmers, workers, enterprise specialists, engineers ... It was planned (and partially implemented) to organize the production of light industry.
Five-year plans of the USSR: summary table
So, we briefly listed all the five-year plans in the USSR. The table presented to your attention will help to systematize and summarize the above material. It contains the most important aspects of each plan.
Plan objectives | The main buildings of the five-year plans | Results |
|
Increase at any cost military power and to raise the level of production of heavy industry. | Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, DneproGES, coal mines in Donbass and Kuzbass. | The production of heavy industry increased by a factor of 3 and that of mechanical engineering by a factor of 20, and unemployment was eliminated. |
|
JV Stalin: "We must catch up with the advanced countries in 5-10 years, otherwise we will be crushed." The country needed to increase the level of all types of industry, both heavy and light. | Uralo-Kuzbass is the second coal and metallurgical base of the country, the navigable canal "Moscow - Volga". | The national income and industrial production increased significantly (by 2 times), rural - by 1.5 times. |
|
Due to the aggressive policy of Nazi Germany, the main forces were thrown into the country's defense and the production of machines, as well as heavy industry. | Emphasis on educational institutions at the beginning of the five-year plan, after the efforts are transferred to the Urals: aircraft, machines, guns and mortars are produced there. | The country suffered heavy losses due to the war, but the defense capability and the production of heavy industry made significant progress. |
|
4th | Restoration of the country after the Great Patriotic War. It is necessary to achieve the same level of production as in the pre-war period. | The DneproGES, the power plants of Donbass and the North Caucasus are being put back into operation. | By 1948, the pre-war level was reached, the United States was deprived of its monopoly on atomic weapons, and prices for goods of first demand were significantly reduced. |
Increase in national income and industrial output. | Volga-Don Shipping Canal (1952). Obninsk NPP (1954). | Many reservoirs and hydroelectric power stations have been built, and the level of industrial production has doubled. Science learns about atomic and hydrogen bombs. |
|
Increased investment not only in heavy industry, but also in light industry, as well as in agriculture. | Gorky, Kuibyshev, Irkutsk and Worsted plant (Ivanovo). | Capital investments have almost doubled, and the lands of Western Siberia and the Caucasus are being actively developed. |
|
Increase in national income and development of science. | Increase in fixed production assets by 94%, national income increased by 62%, gross industrial output by 65%. | ||
An increase in all indicators: gross industrial output, agriculture, national income. | The Krasnoyarsk, Bratsk, Saratov hydroelectric power stations, the West Siberian Iron and Steel Works, and the Volga Automobile Plant (VAZ) are being built. The first lunar rover was created. | Astronomy advanced (soil was brought from the Moon, the surface of Venus was reached), nat. income grew by 44%, the volume of industry - by 54%. |
|
To develop the domestic economy and mechanical engineering. | Construction of refineries in Western Siberia, the beginning of the construction of an oil pipeline. | The chemical industry is developing significantly after the development of deposits in Western Siberia. 33 thousand km of gas pipelines and 22.5 thousand km of oil pipelines have been laid. |
|
Opening of new enterprises, development of Western Siberia and the Far East. | Kama plant, Ust-Ilimsk hydroelectric power station. | The number of gas and oil pipelines has increased. New industries have emerged. |
|
Eleventh | To increase the efficiency of the use of production assets. | The Urengoy - Pomary - Uzhgorod oil pipeline, 4,500 km long. | The length of gas and oil pipelines has reached 110 and 56 thousand km, respectively. The national income has risen, social payments have been increased. Expanded technical equipment factories. |
twelfth | Implementation of the reformist economic strategy. | Mostly residential buildings are being built. | The production of light industry has been partially established. Increasing the power supply of enterprises. |
However difficult these plans may be, the results of the five-year plans show the perseverance and courage of the people. Yes, not everything was done. The sixth five-year plan had to be "extended" at the expense of the seven-year plan.
Although the five-year plans were difficult in the USSR (the table is a direct confirmation of this), the Soviet people steadfastly coped with all the norms and even exceeded their plans. The main slogan of all five-year plans was: "Five-year plan in four years!"