Crimean Amet-Khan Sultan is twice a hero of the Soviet Union. Biography
There are no bad nations in the world, and there are heroes and scoundrels among Russians, and among the British, and among Ukrainians, and among Germans, and among Crimean Tatars ...
Speaking about the history of the participation of the Crimean Tatars in the Great Patriotic War, it must be admitted that this people survived a real tragedy. While one part of it was fighting the Nazis, the other took the path of collaborationism and betrayal, aiding the Nazis in committing the most terrible crimes. And after that, in 1944, punishment in the form of deportation fell on the heads of not only those who were really guilty, but often even innocent ones ...
But today we will not talk about scoundrels, but about a hero. About a man who is not only the pride of the Crimean Tatars and Dagestan Laks, but also, in the full sense of the word,.
Amet Khan Sultan was born on October 25, 1920 in the Crimea, in the city of Alupka, in the family of a native of the Dagestan village of Tsovkra, a Lak by nationality, and a Crimean Tatar.
His childhood biography did not contain anything heroic - 7 classes of the school, a railway school, a working specialty ... But the passion for the sky, common among the Soviet youth of the 1930s, also touched him. The young worker was engaged in the flying club, mastering the profession of a pilot.
And when in February 1939 Amet-Khan ended up in the army, the “civilian” passion for the sky decided him further fate. He was sent to the famous Kachinsky military aviation school, from which in 1940 Amet-Khan left already with the rank of second lieutenant.
Ram over Yaroslavl
The fighter regiment of Amet-Khan, equipped with I-15 and I-153 aircraft, met the war in Moldova. The young pilot entered the battles with the Nazis from the first day of the war. In the autumn of 1941, his regiment fought the Germans near Rostov-on-Don. After heavy losses, the regiment was transferred to reorganization and retraining. Now Amet Khan had to fight on the British "Hurricane".
In March 1942, the regiment of Amet-Khan Sultan became part of the air defense of Yaroslavl. The Nazi troops did not reach the city, but enemy aircraft bombed it.
On May 31, 1942, the city was attacked by the Junkers. Soviet fighters entered the fray. Amet-Khan Sultan, having used up all the ammunition, overtook the enemy and rammed him. The Hurricane got stuck in the Junkers, but the Soviet pilot got out of the cockpit and landed with the help of a parachute. For the feat in the sky of Yaroslavl, Amet-Khan Sultan was awarded the Order of Lenin.
In 1942, the pilot, who switched to Yak fighters, distinguished himself in the battles near Voronezh and Stalingrad, having established himself as a real ace in air battles.
Stalin's Air Special Forces
At that moment, the Soviet command decided to create a kind of "air special forces" from the best Soviet pilots to fight the Luftwaffe elite. This "special forces" was the 9th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment. To understand what kind of pilots were assembled in this regiment, it is enough to say that 28 Heroes of the Soviet Union fought in it, 25 of which received this title while fighting in the “air special forces”.
Amet-Khan Sultan also entered the structure of this unit. He shot down the Germans, fighting on the Yaks, then on the American Airacobra, and ended the war on the La-7 fighter. It seemed that technology beyond the control of this pilot simply did not exist.
In August 1943, Captain Amet-Khan Sultan was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In January 1944, Amet Khan and his comrade, Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Borisov, managed to capture an enemy aircraft, forcing the Nazi pilot to land on a Soviet airfield. It is interesting that Amet-Khan mastered the captured German communications aircraft almost immediately, having made an independent flight on it.
In total, during the war, Amet-Khan Sultan personally shot down 30 enemy aircraft and 19 more as part of a group. On June 29, 1945, Major Amet-Khan Sultan of the Guard became twice a Hero of the Soviet Union.
Aircraft model "Aerocobra" Amet-Khan Sultan. Photo: wikipedia.org / SmiertSpionem
Heroes and traitors
After the war, they did not begin to scatter the aviation elite, and by personal order Stalin all the best aces were sent to study at military academies. Amet-Khan Sultan also entered there, despite the fact that in his questionnaires he stubbornly deduced “nationality - Crimean Tatar”. After the deportation of 1944, courage was needed for such an act, especially since the pilot could easily indicate the nationality of his father.
However, at Soviet power there were no complaints against Amet-Khan Sultan himself. As there were never any claims to her and the ace himself, who considered himself precisely Soviet man, an internationalist and with equal warmth related to the Crimea, Dagestan and Moscow, which became his new home.
At the same time, the tragedy that happened to the Crimean Tatars during the war directly affected the family of Amet-Khan. The pilot's parents remained in the occupation, and in 1943 the command ordered the partisans to take them to mainland. However, the parents refused, and the partisans themselves were surrounded by policemen. The group had to break through with a fight.
Nevertheless, the hero’s parents were not touched after the war, but brother of Amet Khan, Imran, was arrested by the NKVD as a person who collaborated with the invaders. Imran Sultan served in the so-called Auxiliary Police...
tester
But back to Amet Khan himself. After several months of study at the academy, Lieutenant Colonel Amet-Khan Sultan filed a report on expulsion and dismissal from service.
It was not about politics and not about the "fifth point" - the combat pilot bitterly admitted that he simply lacked education to study at the academy.
After leaving the service, he was in limbo for several months. He did not see himself as anyone other than a pilot, but he did not want to become a pilot on civilian routes - it was too easy a job.
The fighting friends helped, who put in a good word for him in high instances - the proud Amet-Khan did not know how to ask for himself. And in February 1947 he became a test pilot at the Flight Research Institute in Zhukovsky.
It was a job most suitable for a pilot who had successfully mastered a number of domestic and foreign aircraft during the war years.
Over the years of work at the FRI, Amet-Khan Sultan has become the "godfather" of dozens of samples of domestic aerial equipment, with honor getting out of the most difficult situations.
For each other
In the early 1950s, the USSR was testing a manned analogue of the Comet projectile. The projectile aircraft started the engine, then separated from the carrier aircraft and made an autonomous flight. During one of the tests, the drop of the projectile aircraft occurred ahead of schedule, and the engine was not started. The new car was free fall, and the command ordered Amet-Khan Sultan to immediately jump. However, the pilot fought to the end, started the engine near the ground and managed to land the car.
In the late 1950s, Amet-Khan Sultan made dozens, if not hundreds, of test flights as part of a program to develop ejection seats for pilots and astronauts. His constant partner was tester Valery Golovin who performed the ejection.
On November 12, 1958, on the MiG-15UTI aircraft, in which Sultan and Golovin were located, an unauthorized operation of the catapult powder cartridge occurred. As a result, the tank was pierced at the plane, and Golovin was squeezed by the ejection seat. The depressurized cabin was flooded with aviation kerosene, whipping so that the dashboard was not visible. A fire could break out at any second, and the flight director gave the command to Amet-Khan to leave the plane.
However, the pilot could not leave his comrade. In absolutely unthinkable conditions, with the threat of fire and explosion every second, Amet-Khan Sultan landed the plane, managing to save both Valery Golovin and the car.
Prediction
Testers are people with an iron character. After some time, Amet-Khan Sultan and Valery Golovin again took to the skies together, continuing the tests. For whom Golovin experienced a heavy and clumsy spacesuit during ejection, Amet-Khan understood after the flight Yuri Gagarin.
Amet-Khan Sultan also helped the astronauts in mastering weightlessness. He was one of the pilots of the "air laboratory", which, when performing the so-called "slide", created a feeling of short-term weightlessness. All domestic cosmonauts passed through such flights.
In the autumn of 1970, the celebration of the 50th anniversary of Amet-Khan Sultan took place at the Gromov Research Institute. His comrades-in-arms, test pilots, designers, guests from Dagestan and the Crimea, where he often visited and where he was very loved, gathered for the celebration. Embarrassed by such honors, the pilot thanked everyone for the kind words. And when one of his friends noticed that, they say, it’s time to pass on the experience to the young, Amet-Khan answered with a mountain parable: “When an old eagle anticipates the approach of death, he rushes up with his last strength, rises as high as possible. And then he folds his wings and flies like a stone to the ground. Therefore, mountain eagles die in the sky - they fall to the ground already dead ... "
None of the friends paid much attention to these words that joyful evening. And Amet-Khan Sultan himself could hardly have imagined that this parable would turn out to be a prophecy.
On February 1, 1971, an accident occurred during a test of a new engine on a Tu-16 flying laboratory. The crew led by twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR Amet-Khan Sultan died.
Memory
Streets in different cities of the USSR are named after him, in his native Alupka, in Zhukovsky near Moscow, where he lived while working at the Gromov Research Institute, the airport in Makhachkala ...
The hero lives as long as he is remembered. We very often remember not those who deserve it, forgetting about those whose memory we should cherish.
In 2010, with the support of local entrepreneurs and businessmen of Dagestan, a monument to Amet-Khan Sultan was erected in the city of Yaroslavl. The monument was erected not far from the place over which in 1942 courageous pilot rammed the Nazi Junkers, saving the city from the enemy.
Born October 25, 1920 in the city of Alupka in a working-class family. Mother is a Crimean Tatar. The father is laki.
He graduated in 1936 from the 7th grade of a local school and in 1933 from a railway FZU. Started my labor activity as a mechanic, and then as an assistant to a boiler master at a railway depot, where the Komsomol members elected him as their leader.
With the 9th Guards Fighter Regiment Amet-Khan Sultan went through the battle path from Stalingrad to Berlin. During the years of the Great Patriotic War made 602 sorties, conducted 150 air battles, personally shot down 30 and in a group with comrades - 19 enemy aircraft. By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 24, 1943, he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and on June 29, 1945 he was awarded the second medal " Golden Star".
After the Great Patriotic War, becoming a test pilot, Amet-Khan Sultan tested more than 100 serial and experimental machines, becoming one of the outstanding test pilots of the USSR.
In 1951, Amet-Khan Sultan was awarded the title of "Honored Test Pilot of the USSR", in 1963 - a laureate of the State Prize of the USSR. February 1, 1971 died in the line of duty.
Awarded with orders: Lenin (three times), Red Banner (five), Alexander Nevsky, Patriotic War 1st degree, Red Star, "Badge of Honor"; medals.
* * *When he came to the 9th Guards Aviation Wolf, they already knew about his feat - ramming a Nazi bomber. And still fresh in his memory was his unequal battle with the Nazis, in which Amet-Khan's plane was stitched by an enemy burst. The motor choked, and the pilot had only one thing left: to leave the burning car by parachute. He landed in no man's land. The Germans, in a hurry to capture the Soviet pilot alive, rushed to him, and Amet-Khan was already ready to join the battle with them in order to give his life on this piece of "no man's" land as expensive as possible - with a large number of destroyed Nazis. But I barely managed to put my pistol on a combat platoon, when 250 - 300 meters remained before the fleeing Germans, when I saw Soviet soldiers rising to attack from our position. "They discouraged the Nazis," he said, "to profit from Amet Khan."
Now I see that it was not in vain that they recaptured me, - Amet-Khan joked already in the circle of his new brother-soldiers. - In a good, apparently, I got the company, and thanks to them for that.
And the "company" of the pilots of the regiment also liked the lively, very agile, with an open smile, with an enviable sense of humor and genuine cordiality Ametka, as the Guardsmen affectionately called him.
At the beginning, Amet-Khan was assigned to the 3rd air squadron of Hero of the Soviet Union Ivan Korolev, but soon I. G. Korolev himself recommended him to the position of commander of this squadron in connection with his appointment as regiment navigator.
Despite his youth, Amet-Khan was then the youngest commander in the regiment, he showed due will, perseverance and outstanding commanding abilities when it came to completing a combat mission. One could only marvel at his ability to see everything and everyone in the air. He was strict and precise in carrying out combat orders. But if necessary, he was not afraid to take the initiative.
Somehow, in the Gorodische area, the commander led 7 fighters to escort attack aircraft. When the enemy ground troops began to storm, Amet-Khan noticed that several Junkers were bombing our front line. Leaving a link to cover the attack aircraft, Amet-Khan with the rest of the fighters hastened to meet the enemy and started a fight with him. In a short fierce battle, our pilots shot down 3 enemy vehicles. After that, the fighters, led by Amet-Khan, returned to their attack aircraft and brought them safely to their airfield.
Having received new Yak-1 aircraft, Amet-Khan and the pilots of his squadron took part in the regiment's performance of a particularly important task - the destruction of enemy transport aircraft supplying ammunition and food to German troops surrounded in the Stalingrad region.
From October 10, 1942 to January 4, 1943, the regiment flew from the airfields of Zeta and Diligence. Amet-Khan participated in the defeat of a group of Ju-52 transport aircraft flying under the cover of Me-109 to Stalingrad. On that day, the pilots of the regiment shot down 4 Junkers and 1 Messer, 2 of them were shot down by Amet-Khan. After 2 days, Amet-Khan Sultan shot down an enemy He-111 bomber.
“As a pilot who perfectly owns the Yak-1 aircraft,” wrote regiment commander L. L. Shestakov, “Amet-Khan has no equal. As a commander, he is demanding of himself and his subordinates.”
“Comrade Amet-Khan,” wrote N. A. Verkhovets, deputy regiment commander for political affairs, “on the Stalingrad front alone he made 110 sorties, participated in 51 air battles and personally shot down 6 enemy aircraft ... Amet-Khan Sultan is a thunderstorm fascist air pirates. One name "Amet-Khan Sultan" confuses the Nazis. Amet-Khan is a vivid personification of the Soviet ace."
Amet-Khan enthusiastically received the news of the liquidation of the Stalingrad grouping of German troops, and then of the offensive of our armies of the Southern Front that had begun.
Amet-Khan showed courage and courage in an air battle on March 25, 1943, when the battle for the liberation of the Don and the North Caucasus had already begun. Komesk led the four Yakovs that flew out to intercept enemy bombers. In the Keisu area, they met about 40 Junkers, which were covered by 6 Messers. Ahead of the dense formation of enemy aircraft was the flagship bomber, painted white.
Amet-Khan from above swiftly attacked the leading fascist. From 150 meters he opened fire and fired until he came close to him. The blow was accurate, the Junkers caught fire, and a few seconds later it exploded in the air. Seeing this, a group of enemy aircraft scattered, began to randomly go to the west. They failed to drop the bombs on the target.
When Amet-Khan left the attack and gained altitude, he noticed 2 Messers. Without hesitation, he entered into battle with them. The Nazi pilots tried to approach the "Yak" from different sides. But Amet-Khan constantly maneuvered, did not lose the advantage in height and fought offensively. The enemies left with nothing.
Amet-Khan, returning to the airfield, tried to stay higher. He always taught his pilots not to forget that enemy fighters could be encountered at any moment. It happened this time as well. Not far from the airfield, he noticed 2 Me-109s, which were on a collision course below their group. Having dived on the leading "Messer", Amet-Khan set it on fire.
The immortal feat in that battle was performed by Senior Lieutenant Pyotr Korovkin. When his supply of ammunition ran out, he came close to the Junkers and hit him with the left plane of his car. The bomber fell to pieces. However, the brave Korovkin also died. He was buried at the Frunze airfield. Now a square has been laid out in that place, in which an obelisk has been erected in honor of the heroes - pilots of the 9th Guards Regiment: Ivan Serzhantov, Pyotr Korovkin and Ivan Kupava, who fought in the fiery sky of Rostov.
"Height is the key to victory," Captain Amet-Khan wrote in a newspaper article of the Guard 3 days after the battle. - The one who is higher can dive on an enemy plane at any moment and, having developed a high speed, reach it. From a height it is more convenient to look around and conduct aimed fire.
Fascist aviation, with systematic raids on crossings across the Don, threatened to disrupt the advance of our troops. The front commander demanded to ensure the uninterrupted operation of the crossing. Shestakov's order was concise and brief: "The crossing must operate!" Just as short was the affirmative answer of Amet-Khan: "The crossing will work!"
At dawn, a group of 10 Aerocobras, led by Amet-Khan, flew to the crossing area. Visibility that day was excellent - "a million to a million," as the pilots said. They gained a height of 4500 meters and lined up in battle order. They were already in the air for about half an hour, when Amet-Khan noticed 3 groups of enemy aircraft following the crossing from the Sea of \u200b\u200bAzov. It was like walking in a parade. Ahead were 20 Heinkel-111s, followed by the same number of Messerschmitt-110s, and another 20 Heinkels closed the line. There were no cover fighters in sight ...
Amet Khan decided to attack without delay. The distance between our fighters and fascist bombers was shrinking every second. Komesk, making a U-turn, commanded: "To attack!" - and rushed to the enemy. Followers rushed after him. The Nazis opened barrage fire from machine guns mounted in the tail section of the aircraft. Coming to close range, the Guards fired the first short burst at the enemy. Immediately failed 4 "Heinkel". Amet-Khan climbed again over a group of bombers, and after the second strike, 2 more Heinkels went to the ground. In the third attack, one after another, 2 more enemy bombers were hit. In great confusion, enemy planes turned around and left towards the sea, without dropping a single bomb on the crossing.
Pressing on the closing "Heinkel", Amet-Khan felt how the engine of his aircraft began to lose the rhythm of normal operation, and then completely began to interrupt. In those seconds, the pilot was occupied with one thought: if only the engine would not stall, if only he could get the plane that was fleeing. He succeeded. A long fiery arrow pierced the fascist bomber.
Amet-Khan withdrew from the battle, handing over command to his deputy, but could no longer fly to his airfield. The damaged engine stalled, and the commander landed the car in the field.
By evening, Amet-Khan was already in his regiment and, having told his friends about the battle, he immediately discharged the clip of his pistol into the air with the traditional “For the Living” salute.
* * *In August 1943, in connection with the transition of parts of the Southern Front to the offensive, the regiment took part in the battles to break through the German defenses on the Molochnaya River and liberate Taganrog.
On August 20, 1943, Captain Amet-Khan Sultan of the Guard shot down 2 enemy bombers in the Kalinovka area.
And the next day, flying at the head of 6 Airacobra aircraft to cover his troops in the Kalinovka-Dmitrievka area, Amet-Khan met 12 Ju-88 bombers in the Uspenskaya area at an altitude of 4000 meters. Having given the command "Attack in the frontal!", Amet-Khan, Golovachev, Safonov shot down one Junkers each, the rest of the fascist planes, in confusion, began to drop bombs over their territory.
At this time, the second group of bombers approached - 15 He-111 - which our pilots attacked with four from behind. As a result, Amet-Khan and Golovachev shot down another Heinkel each, which caught fire and fell in the Uspenskaya ...
Having shot down 6 enemy planes and not having their own losses, Amet-Khan's group returned to their airfield.
The commander of the front, Colonel General F.I. Tolbukhin, who was watching this battle, ordered that the hero - pilot and brave commander Amet-Khan Sultan be awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
"On a personal example of courage and heroism," another submission from the command indicated, "he taught his flight crew to mercilessly destroy the enemy."
Then there were new battles, heavy and bloody...
On August 24, 1943, the regiment received the good news that the commander of the Guards squadron, Captain Amet-Khan Sultan, was awarded the high rank of Hero of the Soviet Union, and a week later, on August 31, in correspondence from the Southern Front, published in the newspaper Pravda, among the best air heroes battles over Taganrog, the name of the Hero of the Soviet Union of the Guard Captain Amet-Khan Sultan was named.
Luck has always accompanied the commander, and not only in air battles. It happened that Amet-Khan got into exceptional situations and came out of them with honor. One of these cases occurred in the area of Kiligey farms, in the lower reaches of the Dnieper. Here is how V. D. Lavrinenkov writes about him in his book:
“On that day, a gale was blowing from the sea. When Amet-Khan and Borisov, having passed over the airfield, went further, we thought that the pilots wanted to take a better look at the area, take everything into account before landing. But after a few minutes we saw more than 2 , and 3 planes heard gunfire.The third was a small German monoplane, it flew so low that we could see how difficult it was to fight with a strong wind.
Amet-Khan pressed on the monoplane, releasing short bursts in his direction. Pressed to the ground by fire, the Nazi pilot went to land, and from fear he did not notice the airfield under him and landed right in the field.
At the same moment, Amet-Khan's "Aerocobra" turned towards the airfield. And after a few seconds, she touched the ground with three wheels, extinguished her speed and taxied to the headquarters building. Joyfully excited, Amet-Khan jumped off the wing and, smiling, walked towards me.
Accept the gift, my friend! The pilot of the Fizler-Storch never dreamed of such a thing! He probably flew to Evpatoria, and I landed him on the Lavrinenkov Peninsula ...
You're in luck, Amet-Khan! Happiness not only comes, but also flies towards you.
Well, this, Volodya, how else to say ... If I hadn’t chased after him, hell would he be here! And yet, it's done. Go! - he calmly finished, heading towards the car, which was not far away in the shelter.
Back in early 1943, the commander of the 8th Air Army set the task for aviators to master free hunting flights as one of the most effective ways to fight the enemy. The guards unanimously responded to this call, from the very better side Amet-Khan showed himself in free hunting.
"If you want your name to become as famous and honorable as the name of Amet-Khan, follow his example, listen to the advice that he gives to hunter pilots," the army newspaper wrote about him. Amet Khan said: "Hunting is mine favourite hobby. There is a place to show your abilities, knowledge and experience... during the "hunt", the pilot should try to see everything, and go unnoticed himself... Attack the enemy when he least expects your attack. When meeting with an air enemy, control the height and remember: whoever is higher wins.
Here are just a few examples of Amet Khan's free hunting flights.
On January 24, 1944, operating in the Nikopol direction, 4 "aircobra" planes flew out to hunt in the area of Turkalli station. There they found an echelon in which there were 18 fuel tanks. The attack was carried out on tanks, resulting in 4 fires. The re-raid was made 50 minutes later. The leader of the four was Amet-Khan. The echelon was already dispersed. Then, for greater safety, Amet-Khan, stretching the formation of aircraft along the front, made 2 attacks on the remaining tanks, 6 of them caught fire. Acting decisively, the pilots inflicted great damage on the enemy with small means.
On February 8, Amet-Khan, at the head of a group, flew to the area of operation of our troops, who were pursuing the retreating enemy on the right bank of the Dnieper. In the Borislav area, 2 enemy groups were found: 3 Junkers and 6 Heinkels, they attacked on the move. As a result of a short fight, Amet-Khan destroyed one bomber. After that, the flight was continued, and the pilots found a column of enemy troops moving along the road. During the assault, the group destroyed over 20 soldiers and officers.
On March 19, 1944, 2 "Aerocobras" from the squadron of Amet-Khan flew out to free hunt in the area north of Odessa and found a cluster of aircraft at an enemy airfield. Komesk decided to inflict an assault strike on the enemy. However, the flight to attack the airfield on the same day had to be postponed due to snowfall.
On the morning of the next day, Amet-Khan sent a couple of hunters for additional reconnaissance, who confirmed the previously received information. And then 6 "Aerocobras", led by Amet-Khan, flew out to attack. According to his plan, the group was divided into two: a strike of 4 aircraft, which he himself led, and a pair of guards, senior lieutenant Kireev, who covered.
The blow was sudden. The four of Amet-Khan made several attacks, a pair of Kireev, patrolling at an altitude of 600 - 800 meters, reliably covered the strike group. 3 Ju-52s and 3 He-111s were destroyed. Buildings and equipment were on fire at the airport.
Returning from a mission, Amet-Khan vigilantly examined the space. Noticing a steam locomotive on the railway track, the air hunter attacked and damaged it.
* * *The year 1944 was remembered by Amet-Khan in that the regiment participated mainly in offensive operations of our troops, and this left a special imprint on the combat operations of the pilots. The Nazis were no longer so confident in the air, and our pilots gained experience, determination and strength.
Amet-Khan and his "eagles" were believed, they were hoped for and they were admired by the best pilots - attack aircraft of the front.
“... In the Crimea, the Nazis,” writes the brave attack aircraft, twice Hero of the Soviet Union M. G. Gareev, “had a lot of equipment, artillery, including anti-aircraft, and aircraft. It was not safe to appear in the sky without fighter cover. Most often On combat missions, we flew under the cover of the squadron of the Hero of the Soviet Union Amet-Khan Sultan. The fame of the feats of arms of this pilot thundered all over the front. Stories similar to legends were told about him. Ours admired him, and the Nazis were afraid like fire. Amet- Khan Sultan skillfully, loved height, speed and accurate strike ... Both in battle and in life, I really wanted to be like this wonderful person.
No less flattering reviews about the high fighting qualities of Amet-Khan Sultan and his pilots came in the days of fierce battles for the Crimea and from bomber pilots. Thus, the command of the 6th Guards Bomber Taganrog Aviation Division wrote to the commander of the 6th Guards Fighter Aviation Division:
"... The personnel of the division expresses its gratitude and thanks your fighters for the excellent provision of cover for our bombers - they did not allow a single loss of bombers from enemy fighters, and especially when the formation of bombers was stretched after bombing during anti-aircraft maneuvers, as well as individual lagging aircraft , knocked out by enemy anti-aircraft artillery fire, were reliably provided with cover. An example of this can be: Hero of the Soviet Union of the Guards, Major Amet-Khan Sultan, repulsed the attacks of the FV-180 on the stray Pe-2 of the Guard of Captain Paliy, accompanied him until the landing ... "
In his memoirs about the heroes - fellow soldiers, twice Hero of the Soviet Union A. V. Alelyukhin writes:
“Amet-Khan Sultan was especially famous. He was tireless in work, courageous in battle, bold in making decisions. Of his battles in 1944, I remember one when the six of Amet-Khan covered the actions of attack aircraft twice Hero of the Soviet Union Musa Gareev.
Stormtroopers made a second approach to the accumulation of fascist tanks. At this time, 12 dark dots appeared above the horizon.
Prepare for battle! - commanded Amet-Khan.
He believed in his fighting friends and boldly went to the leader. Near the same friend - Ivan Borisov. An experienced pilot turned out to be the leader of the fascist fighters. He not only defended, but also attacked. And yet, Amet-Khan managed to deceive the enemy and catch him in sight. The German went into a tailspin and crashed into the ground.
Amet-Khan looked around, made a slide. The stormtroopers continued their work. The fascist fighters were tied up in battle. But what is it? My heart went cold: a Nazi was attached to the tail of Borisov's car. Amet Khan threw his fighter down.
The fascist managed to give only one burst, as at the same second he began to smoke, having received a portion of lead from Amet-Khan. A friend's life was saved."
Flying in the Crimean sky, he could not help but pass over his native Alupka. From the air, the resort town was at a glance and seemed very small, as adults remember their native places, who left them as a child. Everything seemed to be as before. Here is the narrow street. And here is a painfully familiar house with steps on which he once took his first steps, and it seemed that someone ran across the yard, but it was difficult to see, although Amet-Khan passed right above the roof of his native house.
A few days later, when the Crimea was already free, Amet-Khan invited all fellow soldiers to his place in Alupka. We arrived together with the regiment commander Morozov in 3 cars. As soon as the car stopped, Amet-Khan jumped out of it and ran towards his father and his mother, who was hurrying after him. Amet-Khan picked up his mother, who was crying with joy, and carried him into the house. The pilots froze, watching this touching and joyful picture.
For questions and stories, this feast, rare for front-line soldiers, passed. But notes of painful memories of the days spent under the yoke of the Nazis also burst into the general joyful mood. The father kept trying to tell his son about it in detail, but the mother held him back: "Not about that, father, you say, it's better to listen to the son."
Relatives, acquaintances and unfamiliar residents of Alupka reached out to the house. Everyone wanted to hug the hero - fellow countryman.
When the guests went out into the courtyard, an enthusiastic crowd was waiting for them. They picked up Amet-Khan in their arms and with the words: "Glory! Glory!" started downloading it. Then they also glorified his friends - fellow soldiers ...
* * *In the spring of 1945, Amet-Khan was appointed to the post of assistant regiment commander for airborne rifle service.
When there were fierce battles on the outskirts of Berlin, Major Amet-Khan Sultan of the Guards was presented a second time to the high rank of Hero of the Soviet Union.
It was one of the days of the final battles for Berlin, when Amet-Khan made the 603rd sortie since the beginning of the war. Beneath it was a fascist dogovo blazing in flames. Having the task of blocking the runway of the Tiergarten park, Amet-Khan, during a flight over the Tempelhof airfield, found 2 Focke-Wulf below him, who tried to storm the battle formations of our long-range artillery, which was shelling the Reichstag building. He had an advantage in height and immediately attacked the leading enemy aircraft. With the second burst, he managed to shoot down the Fokker. The plane crashed in the center of Tempelchovsk airport. The fascist pilot, jumping out with a parachute, landed in the area of the firing positions of our battery, where he was taken prisoner by artillerymen.
Having shot down the enemy, Amet-Khan landed on the central Berlin airfield at a time when there was still shooting around.
I’m landing and I’m not sure yet, ”Amet-Khan recalled,“ ours or the Germans are in charge at the airfield. Sat down, but just in case the engine did not turn off. I look, our infantrymen are running towards the plane. The first, barely running up to the plane, joyfully shouted: "Ours, ours!". Before I could look back, I found myself in the arms of our fighters, kissing the red stars on my plane with tears of joy. It's impossible to forget...
* * *Amet-Khan could not imagine his life without the sensations of flight and sky. And when the question arose of how to live after the long and difficult years of the war, he chose the sky and airplanes - he became a test pilot.
He really "taught airplanes to fly", year after year increasing the number of cars he tamed. By the 15th anniversary of the test work, he tested more than 100 types of aircraft.
In a relatively short period of time, he moved into the ranks of the country's leading test pilots. He gave testing work a quarter of a century.
The aviators of the country, workers of the aviation industry cordially celebrated the 50th anniversary of the remarkable pilot.
"Dear friend! - wrote his associates, well-known test pilots throughout the country, - your name is rightfully mentioned in the top ten most famous names of test pilots ..."
Addressing the hero of the day, the leaders and employees of the Design Bureau named after A. N. Tupolev wrote:
"We know you not only as a great pilot, your work is an example for all of us, we know you as a modest, energetic, youthfully active and excellent person, and therefore, admiring your professional qualities, we express our sincere love to you."
General and chief designers, hundreds of engineers, pilots, workers and engineering and technical workers sent their greetings to the hero of the day.
Amet-Khan was in the prime of life and energy when death overtook him at a military post.
In one of his appeals to former fellow soldiers, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Colonel-General of Aviation V. D. Lavrinenkov wrote:
"I remember twice Hero of the Soviet Union Amet-Khan Sultan - a man of extraordinary courage. He was for all of us the personification of a pilot who embodied the best features of a Soviet air fighter. He was distinguished by an extraordinary love for flying, nothing, as they say, could knock him out of "saddles" - aircraft cabins. And all of us, his fighting friends, took the news that our Amet-Khan Sultan died in the line of duty as a great grief. He remained faithful to military duty to the end, his memory will always live in in our hearts, it will serve the cause of educating the next generation of aviators."
Busts of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, laureate of the State Prize and Honored Test Pilot of the USSR Amet-Khan Sultan were installed in Alupka and Makhachkala. Many schools are named after him. And in the city of Zhukovsk near Moscow, the street - the continuation of V.P. Chkalov Street - is named after him and it leads to where these great pilots left for the sky.
(From the book of Dmitry Yakovlevich Zilmanovich - "On the Wings of the Motherland". Alma - Ata, 1985.) Excerpt from Leonid Popov's book "Holy Week".Exactly one year later, to the same day, on February 1, 1971, I, while still a student of the navigational department of the Test Pilot School, was planned to fly on a suspension. Already dressed for the flight with a tablet and a headset, I was met by the senior test navigator of the School, Boris Aleksandrovich Lopukhov.
Popov, are you ready for the test flight? - Yes, Boris Alexandrovich, ready.
Then get ready. - Yes, I have already been assembled to fly on a sling with Amet Khan.
First, an exam. And on that flight you will be replaced, I will call ...
The crew of Amet Khan did not return from that flight ...
The aircraft tag on the radar screen somehow disappeared immediately after takeoff. True, the first working height was 500 meters on assignment. Since the weather was unimportant - the cloudiness began at about two hundred and fifty meters - it was natural to assume the beginning of work, which consisted in the release of a gondola with an experimental engine, launching and testing it, under the lower edge of the clouds. How far does a ground-based locator see if the plane is at such a height? Yes, nothing at all, so the disappearance of the mark on the screen of the control radar slightly alerted the flight director. Communication calls were unsuccessful...
AMET-KHAN Sultan
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union (1943 and 1945), Honored Test Pilot of the USSR (1953).
Born on October 25, 1920 in the city of Alupka. Member of the CPSU since 1942. In 1940 he graduated from the Kachinsky VAUL, from the first days of the war - in the army. He personally shot down 30 and in group battles 19 enemy aircraft.
In LII he worked since 1947 as a test pilot. Mastered more than 100 types of aircraft. Laureate of the State Prize, four Orders of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, Orders of Alexander Nevsky, Orders of the Patriotic War, Orders of the Red Star.
He died during a test flight on a Tu-16 LL aircraft on February 1, 1971.
One after another, two rescue helicopters left - there was nothing ... An-24 aircraft, also for search, took off, where Valentin Petrovich Vasin himself, the head of the Institute's flight complex, took command. We flew until deep twilight at low altitude, and - nothing ...
Maybe they are still alive, maybe they are wounded, and then every minute winter night Might be the last one...
Sticking out like a dead shadow, sometimes next to the commander's room, sometimes near the control room, was the assistant to the chief engineer Slava Mokrousov, who was supposed to fly in the crew, but accidentally did not fly ...
Deep evening.
Search crews have been assigned for the morning. Everyone - take off with the sunrise ...
And in the morning it cleared up, it got cold. There was no news of the plane from the ground during the night. And the whetstone relentlessly all one: whether we have time.
Not everyone took off to search, as it was reported that the search and rescue regiment of the Moscow Military District found an aircraft: a square - such and such;
So it is - a forest, a wilderness, a semi-swamp. the main road and villages - to the south, ten or twelve kilometers ...
The plane abruptly entered the frozen swamp. Outside the wings, but the fuselage is lifted up to the sky with a log. Directly near the ground is the aft cabin crushed by the keel of the aircraft. In it - Radiy Georgievich Lensky, a leading engineer. Overweight, he did not fasten himself to the ejection seat all his life - he believed that he could not stand the ejection down.
Each of those who arrived by helicopter will stand near Lensky, pull off his hat and fussily rush in search of life. important nodes aircraft for which he is responsible for the service.
LENSKY Radiy Georgievich
Lead Engineer for Flight Testing of Aircraft Engines.
Born on July 3, 1926 in Moscow. In 1943 he graduated from the 1st Moscow Special School of the Air Force, in 1950 - the Air Force Engineering Academy. N.E. Zhukovsky. He served in the Civil Aviation Research Institute of the Air Force as a senior test engineer, assistant to the chief engineer, and chief engineer for testing aircraft engines. Since 1958 he has been the lead flight test engineer at the LII.
He died during a test flight on a Tu-16LL aircraft on February 1, 1971.
Only the paramedic of the rescue helicopter, Vasily Alekseevich Piryazev, throwing away the now unnecessary sanitary bag, runs his hands in white mittens into the wreckage, slowly removes the remains of the leader and puts everything in a bag. Conversations about how to get to the forward cabin with the rest of the crew are not of interest to him yet ...
Amid the chaos and blood, an incredibly clean and intact oxygen mask on a parachute remained. Assistant chief engineer Slava Mokrousov was supposed to fly there. Someone later told him about a clean oxygen mask, which caused a new wave of remorse and remorse: “Well, they say, everyone died, but I didn’t have time ... to take off.”
After all, few people know what needs to be done on the suspension before the flight to the host and his assistant, if any. Slava avoided in the cold, ran to have a bite to eat. And Amet Khan to Lensky: “What are we pulling? ... The bright time is ending. If you can do it alone, then let's go flying ... "
Now he's suffering good man, conscientious, Slava Mokrousov, because ... I didn’t have time.
The next morning, a forester from a cordon four kilometers from the crashed plane came on skis to the helicopter and reported that a cabin had fallen in the thicket near his house. It has people...
In the burnt figures of the crew, I saw the utmost concentration of each on the search for a way out of the emergency situation. The commander's hands, one - at the helm, the other - where the engine control is. The navigator turned to the right as far as the chair allows. There - highways, villages, finally, just fields where, it seemed to me then, an emergency landing was possible. The flight operator, Alexei Vorobyov, he turned exactly forty that day, raised his hands to the power supply panel or to the console of the shortwave station ...
MIKHAILOVSKY William Alexandrovich
Test navigator.
Born on May 5, 1930 in Moscow. In 1952 he graduated from the Chelyabinsk VAUSH, served in the Air Force as a navigator. From 1955 he worked as a test navigator at the MAP, and from 1961 at the LII as an instructor at the Test Pilot School.
The authority of Amet Khan was not only great, it was simply fundamental. Twice Hero of the Soviet Union from the 9th Guards Aviation Regiment of aces, who shot down the last Nazi aircraft over Berlin for the regiment’s combat score, an indomitable test pilot who stormed the notorious “sound barrier” among the first, co-author of developments on refueling in the air bombers, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, laureate of the State Prize. All our consciousness opposed the recognition of the just conclusions of the accident commission about the crew's mistake.
According to the records of the miraculously preserved part of the oscilloscope tape, it was possible to determine how the pressure in the oil tank of the experimental engine changed in the last minute before the crash. Other records were not preserved, but this parameter recorded, in essence, the magnitude of aircraft overloads.
In the second period of oscillations, the overload, which reached six units, broke off the front cockpit with the pilots. There were divergent oscillations due to the acceleration of the aircraft with the flaps not retracted - the worm pair of flaps was found in the extended position ...
VOROBYEV Alexey Vasilievich
Test pilot.
Born February 1, 1931 in the Moscow region. Since 1947, he worked at the LII as an aircraft mechanic. In 1951-1955 he served in Soviet army, since 1955 at the LII - a flight radio operator-test. He flew on all types of multi-seat aircraft.
He died during a test flight on a Tu-16LL aircraft on February 1, 1971.
Amet Khan's mistake? - Incredible.
The man is a legend, and wrong?
The process of acceleration of the Tu-16 aircraft with extended flaps simulated on the stand completely coincided with the process of changing the overload recorded on a fragment of the oscillogram. The commission was convinced. Me and, I think, not only me, no. Only the protest was internal. They failed to substantiate the disagreement and offer an exculpatory version. So everything is left...
Two flights of Amet Khan.
The first one is victorious, unusual already in that never, before or after, there was a need to drop a suspension with an experimental engine from a laboratory aircraft.
And the last flight, tragic, on the same laboratory aircraft. ..
For me, they are connected by one thread, having become key, becoming the prologue of entry into new life- life in Big Aviation...
And such were the lessons for us, graduates of the navigational department of the Test Pilot School in 1970-71.
With joy on the wing, we took on every flight. They just didn't trust us back then. And who knew what test navigators would turn out from the leading flight test engineers ...
At the very entrance to the cemetery, right on the central alley, there are four granite monuments in a row. They stand as if behind a common fence, dissimilar in form, but similar, like all monuments. This is the crew.
On granite, - Radiy Lensky - lead engineer, William Mikhailovsky - test navigator, Evgeny Venediktov - test pilot, Alexei Vorobyov - test flight radio operator.
The crew commander Amet Khan Sultan was buried at Novodevichy - relatives demanded. It just didn't do any good. How many of those know him there? who go there with passes, how many honor, as in our city, where people live, witnesses of his highest glory as a tester, where there is a street named after him, where in the changing room of the pilots of the Institute there is his closet, in which his clothes were waiting, one - between flights, the other - from flights ...
VENEDIKTOV Evgeny Nikolaevich
Test pilot.
Born on August 11, 1937 in Simferopol. Member of the CPSU since 1965. He graduated from the flying club in 1955 and served in the Air Force units. He graduated from the MAP Test Pilot School in 1967 and flew fighter-type aircraft. Mastered about 30 types of aircraft.
He died during a test flight on a Tu-16LL aircraft on February 1, 1971.
At a meeting on the occasion of the seventieth birthday of Amet Khan Sultan, the Honored Test Navigator of the USSR Pyotr Andreevich Kondratiev retold Rasul Gamzatov's recollection of the famous pilot.
“I have a friend twice Hero, and his name is Ahmet Khan. I asked him: “Akhmet, your father is a Dagestani, and your mother is a Crimean Tatar. The Dagestan people consider you their Hero, and the Tatar people consider you theirs. You are the Hero of what nation, whose son are you?
And he answered me: “- I am a Hero of neither the Lak people, nor the Tatar. I am a Hero of the Soviet Union. And I am the son of my father and mother. They are inseparable, and therefore I am just a Human"...
What an eternity and truly epic height of a Man in words equal to his deeds...
From Leonid Popov's book "Holy Week".
PS. Maxim, thanks. :)
© Photo from krymology.info
Memorial plaque on the house where Amet-Khan Sultan was born
Amet-Khan Sultan is twice Hero of the Soviet Union, laureate of the State Prize, Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, Honorary Pilot of France, Honorary Citizen of the cities of Yaroslavl, Melitopol, Alupka and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.
Included in the years of the Great Patriotic War among the ten best aces pilots, in peacetime Amet-Khan Sultan became a tester of new aviation and space technology. He can rightfully be called an outstanding personality of the 20th century. After all, it is not for nothing that the words "Pilot from God" are engraved on the wall of the Paris airport on a commemorative plaque.
Amet-Khan Sultan was born on October 25, 1920 in the city of Alupka. Father - Sultan, Lak (originally from the village of Tsovkra, Dagestan), mother Nasibe Sadla - Crimean Tatar. As a child, Amet-Khan began to dream of the sky. He was amazed that the plane could fly higher than the mountain eagles that hovered over the peaks of Ai-Petri.
After graduating from the Crimean Tatar school, Amet-Khan entered the factory railway school in Simferopol. At the same time, he studied at the Simferopol flying club, which today bears his name. Then he studied at the Kachin School of Military Pilots. He began his service in the city of Bobruisk.Amet-Khan found the beginning of the Great Patriotic War near Chisinau as part of the 4th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Odessa Military District.
At the end of 1941, the regiment was transferred to the area of the city of Yaroslavl. On May 31, 1942, Amet-Khan Sultan opened the account of downed aircraft. Having used up the entire combat reserve in the attack, he rammed the body of the enemy "Junkers-88" with his left wing. Upon impact, the wing of the fighter was tightly stuck in the body of the Junkers, and the young pilot, having got out of the cockpit, jumped down with a parachute. After this incident, Amet-Khan Sultan became a legend, gaining fame as a strong and fearless fighter. For this feat he was awarded the order Lenin.
Enemy pilots recognized Amet-Khan "by flight" and called him "Black Devil" by radio. On the planes of the squadron of Amet-Khan Sultan, attacking eagles were painted.
A sociable and witty man, he immediately became the soul of the company. Amet-Khan, or Ametka, as his comrades called him, was well known among the troops. His name has become a legend, a symbol of skillful flight and boundless sharpness of mind.
On April 29, 1945, over Berlin, Amet-Khan Sultan shot down his last enemy aircraft, thereby putting an end to the downed pilots of the 9th guards regiment enemy aircraft.
In total, during the war, he made 603 sorties (of which 70 were to attack the enemy’s manpower and equipment), conducted 152 air combat, in which he personally shot down 30 and as part of a group of 19 enemy aircraft.
The title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal was awarded to the squadron commander of the 9th Odessa Red Banner Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment, Captain Amet-Khan Sultan, on August 24, 1943. The second medal "Gold Star" was awarded to the assistant commander for airborne rifle service of the same regiment (1st Air Army), Major Amet-Khan Sultan, on July 26, 1945.After the war, he became a test pilot at the Flight Research Institute named after M. Gromov. With his direct participation, a new domestic aviation is being created, which the world did not know. Amet-Khan Sultan participated in the implementation of the space program. Before Yuri Gagarin and his fellow cosmonauts went into space, they practiced their zero-gravity skills on a specially equipped Tu-104 aircraft piloted by Amet-Khan and his colleagues.
Having experienced more than one hundred aircraft, Amet-Khan Sultan gave a start in life to those aircraft that announced a completely new aviation, determining the prospects for its development for many years to come.
On February 1, 1971, Amet-Khan Sultan died in the sky along with the crew while testing a powerful engine on a Tu-16LL flying laboratory.
Amet-Khan Sultan is buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in Moscow. His name is a square in Simferopol, streets in the cities of Crimea, as well as a street in Volgograd, Zhukovsky, Makhachkala, a mountain peak in Dagestan. A flying club, schools are named after him, a museum named after Amet-Khan Sultan operates in Alupka, and a planet named after him flies in the sky conquered by him. A bronze bust of the famous pilot is installed in his hometown of Alupka, as well as in Makhachkala, where the airport is also named after him.Twice Hero of the Soviet Union Amet-Khan Sultan was awarded three Orders of Lenin, four Orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree, the Order of the Red Star, the Order of the Badge of Honor and six medals.
The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources.
Amet-Khan Sultan was born on October 25, 1920 in the village. Alupka, died on February 1, 1971 in the Moscow region during a test flight of the Tu-16 aircraft. national hero of the Crimean Tatar people of Ukraine, a Soviet ace pilot who personally shot down 30 enemy planes and another 19 in the group. Honored Test Pilot of the USSR, twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
4 exploits of Amet-Khan Sultan.
1. Amet-Khan Sultan - one of the famous aces pilots of the 2nd World War, who made 603 sorties, participated in 150 air battles, in which he personally shot down 30 and as part of a group of 19 enemy aircraft. Besides
He made 70 sorties at the beginning of the war as an attack pilot, flying outdated I-153 fighters;
In May 1942, having used up ammunition, he rammed a German bomber in the sky over Yaroslavl, as a result of which he almost died: Akhmet-Khan's Hurricane got stuck in the tail of the Junkers-88 falling from the ram, only at the last moment the pilot managed to jump out with a parachute (for the feat he was awarded the Order of Lenin);
He went from an ordinary pilot-junior lieutenant to the guard major - deputy commander of a fighter regiment all 4 years of the war from the first to last day on the front line, to whom, for personal courage, the commander of the 8th air army General T. T. Khryukin allowed Amet-Khan Sultan to draw an eagle on the fuselage of his aircraft, which was allowed only to the best aces pilots.
As a result, in 25 years: 2 stars of the Hero, 3 orders of Lenin, 3 orders of the Red Banner, one order of Alexander Nevsky, one order of the Patriotic War 1st degree and the Red Star on June 29, 1945.
2. Amet-Khan Sultan saved his family from deportation on May 18-20, 1944. During the years of Stalin's lawlessness, this was a feat, as a result of which the NKVD could shoot Amet-Khan Sultan himself. The events of that time are shown in the feature film Haitarm, which was released in 2013.
In reality, the plot of the film is slightly at odds with history: in May 1944, during a trip to his parents in Alupka, he gets on a special operation of the NKVD to forcibly deport Crimean Tatars. The NKVD wanted to deport the pilot's mother. General Khryukin intervened in the matter, who managed to negotiate with the NKVD not to evict the Sultan's mother to Uzbekistan, given his military merits. When this was done, the general sent the ace's parents to the Krasnodar Territory to their parents, where they lived until the end of the war, after which they returned to Alupka.
3. After the war, Amet-Khan Sultan became an honored test pilot of the USSR. He failed to study at the Air Force Academy in Monino (now named after Yu. Gagarin) due to a lack of education, which amounted to 7 classes before the war and a railway school. Amet-Khan Sultan was transferred to the reserve in 1946, but thanks to the support of his combat friends, he was accepted as a test pilot at the Flight Research Institute in Zhukovsky, where he tested all kinds of novelties of the latest aviation technology:
Tu-2 bomber;
Air-to-ship projectile aircraft in manned mode, which the pilot unhooked from the Tu-4KS bomber and led to the target;
ejection system on the Su-7 fighter-bomber and Su-9 fighter-interceptor;
Amet-Khan Sultan died in the sky on February 1, 1971 while testing a new jet engine on a Tu-16 bomber.
During his work as a test pilot, Amet-Khan mastered about 100 types of aircraft, flying 4237 hours.
4. After the war, Amet-Khan Sultan fought repeatedly and sought the rehabilitation of his Crimean Tatar people.
Amet Khan repeatedly appealed to the leadership of the USSR with a request to return the Crimean Tatars to their homeland. After the 20th Congress of the CPSU, he, together with his comrades and workers of the Crimean ASSR, signed a letter to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine with a request for the rehabilitation of the Crimean Tatars. In response, he was not allowed on a business trip to France, where he was invited to the celebration of the Normandie-Niemen regiment, with which he fought side by side during the 2nd World War. Formally, the ban on his departure was issued in connection with the participation of the Sultan in the testing of the secret Su-9 fighter. Nevertheless, everyone perfectly understood that the refusal occurred as a result of a violation of the taboo on the Crimean Tatar peoples.
Biography of Amet Khan Sultan.
1937 - entered the railway factory school in Simferopol;
1938 - training at the flying club;
1939 - entered the First Kachinsky military aviation school named after Myasnikov;
1940 - graduated crash course training with the rank of junior lieutenant;
March 3 - 1942 - the first air victory, for which he had to ram down the enemy's Junkers-88;
July 1942 - included in the 8th Air Army, transferred to Yelets;
Summer 1944 - Amet-Khan married Faina Maksimovna Danilchenko;
April 29, 1945 - held the last victorious battle over the Tempelhof airfield, shooting down the Focke-Wulf-190;
August 3, 1945 - a student of the Military Academy of Command and Navigators in Monino. However, due to the lack of basic education, studying as an ace pilot was not easy;
April 1946 - released to the reserve in connection with his own report with a request for deduction;
May 1949 - left for Moscow, where he applied for a job as a test pilot at the Flight Research Institute. However, he never received a reply because Crimean Tatars were erased from the history of the state. And Amet-Khan never hid his origin. He nevertheless got the job of a tester, thanks to the help of his colleagues;
1949 - test pilot 3rd class;
1950 - test pilot 2nd class;
1952 - test pilot 1st class;
1947-1949 - makes test flights to study aerodynamic characteristics at speeds close to the speed of sound at the flying laboratories LL-1 and LL-2;
1949 - conducted a test of automatic refueling of an aircraft in the air using the "wing-to-wing" method;
1951-1953 - tested the pilot prototype "K", which was the first aviation ship-based cruise missile;
1953 - took part in studies of the stability of aircraft control at supersonic speeds;
1958-1959 - tested the piloted prototype SM-20;
On April 7, 1959, he performed the first test flight on the NM-1 aircraft, designed to fly at an altitude of more than 30 thousand meters;
On February 1, 1971, Amet-Khan Sultan died. The tragedy occurred during the flight of the Tu-16LL flying laboratory, when testing a new jet engine. The aircraft entered the test area, after which the flight engineer began to lower the engine. The radio operator reported to Earth about the start of the mission. This was the last message from the lab. Her entire crew was killed.
Amet-Khan Sultan was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.
Awards of Amet-Khan Sultan.
Lots of medals.
Amet-Khan Sultan and social networks.
Page memory of Amet Khan social network"Classmates".