The poet Alexei Surkov is the pride of the Yaroslavl land. The oldest mother in Russia is the daughter of the Soviet poet "And there are four steps to death"
I will add about the author of the poems of the song "Fire beats in a cramped stove" later, but now about the incident that happened in the search for information about the addressee of the song and the poet's muse - Sofya Antonovna Krevs. Very little information about the poet's wife was found on the Internet. A couple of sources presented her as "Sofya Abramovna" and included her in the list of Jewish personalities, but there was no additional information about her in them either. The result was a search by last name (apparently I haven’t looked into my passport for a long time) - the vast majority of historical personalities with the surname "Krevs" are Latvians (on the Internet most of lists ordinary people- martyrologists, for the most part they were repressed or died in the war, the breadth of the geography of the Krevs is surprising). Judging by the name, Anton Krevs was a Latgalian, who still love this name very much. But still I tried to find out another version - about Jewish origin (in the end, one is not a hindrance to the other). Having miraculously met the author of this version "on the air", he asked about the source of the statement:
A3: Some time ago, looking for information about Sofya Krevs (wife of Alexei Surkov, to whom he dedicated the verses of the song "Fire beats in a cramped stove ..") I came across your magazine. It stated that she was Jewish and her real middle name was "Abramovna" (other sources indicate "Antonovna"). Could you give the source of your information, do you have any more detailed information about this person? Thank you in advance.Posted on Jan. 2nd, 2007 10:03 am (local)
Sh: In the material (...) I did mention Krevs. But most of the text is written from secondary sources, I did not study this biography in depth.
Relative origin, there are several indirect signs, according to which I nevertheless included it in the text:
1. The surname Krevs can be of both Baltic-Jewish and Baltic-German origin.
2. Patronymic name "Abramovna". But in some sources she is called "Sofya Antonovna". The Germans would not have changed Abram to Anton.
Who is she according to you?
Posted on Jan. 2nd, 2007 10:41 am (local)
A3: 1. I assume that they are of Latvian origin - after the revolution of 1905, many Latvians ended up in the interior regions of Russia, most of them assimilated. The nickname "Krevs" has the meaning ("Russian") in the Latvian language, I can't say about German and Yiddish. According to my search for this surname, most of the personalities are Latvians and just pre-war distribution in Russia (now it is customary to transliterate as "krievs", in the original diphthong). Sofya Antonovna in the form of Zofya Antonovna can speak of Eastern Latvian (Catholic) origin, because. this name (Anton) was and remains extremely popular among the Latgalians.
2. I think that the patronymic "Abramovna" could appear (unless, of course, it is a pure fantasy of the compilers of secondary sources) as an insight of one of his contemporaries explaining the origin of an incomprehensible surname.
Posted on Jan. 2nd, 2007 11:47 am (local)
Sh: In the form Krebs (assuming, of course, that Krebs and Krevs are the same surname, which seems obvious, but still requires separate proof), this surname is found among German Jews. its most famous carrier is the discoverer of the "Krebs cycle", laureate Nobel Prize Sir Hans Adolf Krebs
http://n-t.ru/nl/mf/krebs.htm
Hans Adolf Krebs descended from Jewish-Silesian ancestry
http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/1541.html
Actually, because of this, I recorded Sophia as Jewish. I clearly perceive the surname "Krebs", precisely through "b", as a Jewish surname.
Posted on Jan. 2nd, 2007 12:26 pm (local)
Another poem dedicated to Sophia Krevs:
***
Dear, good, my heart!
How slow is the running of time!
The third time this night raises a gun
And throws on black snow.
Calmed down. Lie down. I dozed off a little.
I see the Volga stretch in the haze.
I hear the rustle of steps. And your hand
Just touched my hair.
We are standing together over the Volga expanse.
Dawn broke through the folds of the clouds.
And your silence, and your breath
I'm warm in the fresh breeze.
Cranes fly south trumpeting
Pulls cold winter days.
I don't know anyone better than you
Closer, kinder, dearer.
Cranes fly south in the air.
Will we bring them back?
Again the team: "To the gun!" Again on the wall
A large lead hail is whipping.
If a foreign sniper takes a fancy to me,
Gryan back, hands apart, -
Remember the cry of the crane, the birth of the day,
Wind, youth, Volga reach.
The most extensive article concerning the family of A.A. Surkov, of those that I could find:
http://festival.1september.ru/2005_2006/index.php?numb_artic=311269 or
http://209.85.135.104/search?q=cache:h0ORLp0Q5L8J:festival.1september.ru/2005_2006/index.php%3Fnumb_artic%3D311269+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%8C%D1% 8F+%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&hl=en&gl=lv&ct=clnk&cd=5
“Written in the tragic forty-first year, when the enemy stood on the outskirts of Moscow, this poem is about the “unquenchable love” of a soldier for that “which is not easy to reach”, for the sake of meeting with which he goes into battle. Simple sincere words conveying deep experiences turned out to be consonant with the feelings of millions of people separated by the war.
The genre of the message, in the form of which the poem is written, is not accidental: it was actually a message - a letter from the front to the far rear, to our small Kama town, where the Surkov family was evacuated, and was addressed to the poet's wife Sofya Antonovna Krevs.
Perhaps, our Chistopol post office has never worked as hard as in 1941-1943: the population of the city doubled due to the evacuees, people were torn away from their homes by the war, separated, and only letters sometimes connected families and friends ...
With what impatience, fear, and hope they waited for letters then! And what happiness seemed to be a modest soldier's triangle, from which they learned the most important thing - that their father, husband, son, brother, friend were alive.
But there were also unusual letters going to Chistopol and from Chistopol - poetic letters, because many writers' families evacuated from Moscow found shelter in our city. Letters from the front came here from Alexei Surkov, Evgeny Dolmatovsky, Alexander Tvardovsky, Ilya Selvinsky ... And along narrow paths among deep snowdrifts, Mikhail Isakovsky, Boris Pasternak, Nikolai Aseev, Maria Petrovykh made their way to the mailboxes ...
Here, in December 1941, Sofya Antonovna Krevs received a letter from her husband - the very sixteen lines of poetry that were destined to become a song.
What did soldiers from the front write about to their loved ones?
As we can see, not only about the war. The war was a harsh and cruel necessity, and the soul of a soldier loved and suffered, yearned and lived in hope. This was what the front-line letters spoke about, ordinary and poetic, written in trenches and dugouts in short minutes of rest. They wrote sparingly about battles, everyday mortal danger, death of friends, and often did not write at all, protecting relatives, trying to keep them calm. Sofya Antonovna did not immediately find out under what circumstances the soul-crushing lines of her husband's letter were written.
From the memoirs of S.A. Krevs:
“I never asked him about everything ... The Germans arrived suddenly, ours retreated from the headquarters at a run. Alyosha began to choke, the snow was waist deep. Only snow, a frozen river, bushes and nothing else, no shelters. If it wasn't for the two boys helping him get away, he wouldn't have gotten out. The tanks smashed the headquarters building to pieces, and Alyosha and his men were already across the river and escaped. And then somewhere in the village where they spent the night, he wrote me a letter…”
Now this place, the village of Kashino in the Istra district of the Moscow region, is a memorial: probably the only monument in the world in honor of the song, the song “Dugout”, which has already become popular, since it has been living for more than sixty years, has been erected here. The poet's daughter, Natalya Alekseevna Surkova, sent us a photograph, on which there is a memorial sign and herself with her daughter Sasha.
Here, near Istra, on the last frontier near Moscow, in the winter of 1941 fierce battles were going on. Among the war correspondents was Alexei Alexandrovich Surkov. It was his fourth war, and he was of unenlisted age. But he could not sit in the rear, “since the war means joining the army ... Without collusion, without warning, Sophia went to collect a soldier’s “dowry” for me, uniforms that had been preserved from the time of the Finnish war,” Surkov wrote in the book “The Great War”. - The first four war days spent in Moscow presented our brethren to me in a better light than it seemed before the war ... Tvardovsky and Simonov left for the front in a businesslike and serious manner. With a touch of pathos, but in a good way, like a soldier, Bezymensky left. Easily and childishly, Dolmatovsky left to meet great trials.
Most likely, information about Sofya Antonovna can be found in the collections of Chistopol memoirs, but so far there is no time to study them.
daily rhymes
Alexey Surkov (1899-1983)
The collection contains single poem- it will be here in the form of a song.
And this is not from the collection:
MUSHROOM RAIN
Don't rush, don't rush, wait.
Let's forget the urgent matter for a moment.
Look: the grass came to life in the rain
And the old tree has rejuvenated.
Wet sand crunches underfoot.
Pure blue above the exploded cloud.
Humpback rainbow obliquely
Belted the flying rain.
The pillars of fire are moving
Clouds are burning... At such moments
Mushrooms sprout from the forest preli
And plants acquire a song gift.
And stones and grass sing in the rain
The lake waters glitter with silver.
Don't rush, don't run, wait
Listen to the gentle voice of nature.
(1935-1936)
***
Firewood is burning cheerfully in the oven,
Work completed by midnight.
From the silence of the night, barely
The hum of an airplane is heard.
Another leaf on my calendar
Lies on the soul, like a new burden.
Who will explain to me why the rise
Is it easier to slow down?
Why empty speculation?
Svetla
The moon in its ornate starry frame.
No need to think - youth is gone ...
Think that spring is just around the corner.
(1952)
From Wikipedia:
Alexey Alexandrovich Surkov - Russian Soviet poet and literary critic, public figure, teacher. Journalist, war correspondent...
The personality is ambiguous: Surkov was one of the signatories of the Letter of a group of Soviet writers to the editors of the Pravda newspaper on August 31, 1973 about Solzhenitsyn and Sakharov. At the same time, at the request of Anna Akhmatova, he assisted the poet Joseph Brodsky, recommended the Strugatsky brothers to the Union of Writers ...
Alexei Surkov is dedicated to one of the most famous and most heartfelt poems of the Great Patriotic War“Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region,” written by Konstantin Simonov in 1941:
Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region,
How endless, evil rains fell,
How weary women carried krinki to us,
Pressing, like children, from the rain to their chest,
How they furtively wiped away the tears,
As after us they whispered: - Lord save you! -
And again they called themselves soldiers,
As it was the old tradition in great Russia.
Measured by tears more often than miles,
There was a path, on the hillocks hiding from the eyes:
Villages, villages, villages with graveyards,
As if all of Russia had converged on them,
As if behind every Russian outskirts,
Protecting the living with the cross of their hands,
Having come together with the whole world, our great-grandfathers pray
For their unbelieving grandchildren in God.
You know, probably, after all, Motherland -
Not a city house, where I lived festively,
And these country roads that grandfathers passed,
With simple crosses of their Russian graves.
I don't know about you, but me with the village
Road melancholy from village to village,
With a widow's tear and a woman's song
For the first time the war on country roads brought.
Do you remember, Alyosha: a hut near Borisov,
For the dead weeping girlish cry,
A gray-haired old woman in a plush cloak,
All in white, as if dressed for death, an old man.
Well, what can we say to them, how could we console them?
But, understanding grief with his woman's instinct,
Do you remember, the old woman said: - Dear,
As long as you go, we'll be waiting for you.
"We'll wait for you!" the pastors told us.
"We'll wait for you!" - said the woods.
You know, Alyosha, at night it seems to me
That their voices follow me.
According to Russian customs, only conflagrations
On Russian soil scattered behind,
Comrades were dying before our eyes
In Russian, tearing the shirt on the chest.
Bullets with you still have mercy on us.
But, believing three times that life is all,
I was still proud of the sweetest,
For the bitter land where I was born
For the fact that I was bequeathed to die on it,
That the Russian mother gave birth to us,
That, seeing us off to battle, a Russian woman
In Russian, she hugged me three times.
KONARMEYSKAYA music. Dan. and DM. Pokrass, sl. A. Surkov isp. Red Banner Ensemble
Digitization of the record "SONGS OF OUR MOTHERLAND"
SURKOV Alexey Aleksandrovich (October 1 (October 13, old style), 1899 in the village of Serednevo, now the Rybinsk district of the Yaroslavl region - June 14, 1983, Moscow) - poet, journalist, public figure. Honorary citizen of the city of Rybinsk (1976).
Born into a peasant family. Russian. He studied at the Middle School. From the age of 12 he served "in the people" in St. Petersburg: he worked as an apprentice in a furniture store, in carpentry workshops, in a printing house, in an office and as a weigher in the Petrograd commercial port.
In 1918, he volunteered for the Red Army, until 1922 he served as a machine gunner and mounted scout. Participant civil war: fighting on the North-Western Front, Polish campaign, the suppression of the Tambov peasant uprising led by A. S. Antonov.
At the end of the civil war, A. A. Surkov returned to his native village. In 1922-1924 he was an employee of a reading hut in the neighboring village of Volkovo, secretary of the volost executive committee, political education organizer, rural correspondent in the county newspaper. In 1924, his poems were published in the Pravda newspaper. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1925. October 11, 1925 was a delegate to the I Provincial Congress of Proletarian Writers.
In 1924-1926 he was the first secretary of the Rybinsk organization of the Komsomol. Since 1925 - a selcor of the newly created provincial newspaper "Northern Komsomolets", and in 1926-1928 - her Chief Editor. Under him, the newspaper doubled its circulation, began to publish twice a week instead of one, junkors were actively involved in the work, on his initiative the heading “Literary Corner” appeared, which contained poems and stories of readers, a literary group was created at the editorial office.
In May 1928, Surkov was delegated to the First All-Union Congress of Proletarian Writers, after which he remained to work in Moscow. In 1928 he was elected to the leadership Russian Association proletarian writers (RAPP). In 1931-1934 he studied at the Faculty of Literature at the Institute of Red Professors, after which he defended his dissertation.
In 1934-1939 he taught at the Editorial and Publishing Institute and the Literary Institute of the Union of Writers of the USSR; was deputy editor of the journal Literary Study, where he worked under the direct supervision of A. M. Gorky. In the magazine he acted as a critic and editor. Author of a number of articles on poetry and articles on song (mainly defensive). Participated in the creation and further activities Literary Association Red Army and Navy (LOKAF).
He wrote patriotic poems, glorifying the heroism of the Civil War. He published the collections "Peers" (1934), "Poems" (1931), "On the approaches to the song" (1931), "Offensive" (1932), "The Last War" (1933), "The Motherland of the Courageous" (1935), " By song "(1936)," Soldiers of October "," So we grew up "(1938)," It was in the north "(1940). The author of poems that have become folk songs, such as "Chapaevskaya", "It's not clouds, thunderclouds", "Early-early", "In the vastness of the wonderful Motherland", "Konarmeiskaya", "Terskaya marching".
During the process in the case of the "Parallel Anti-Soviet Trotskyist Center", during the years of repression (1937−39) he spoke with accusatory verses directed at the "enemies of the people".
In 1939-40 he took part in a campaign in Western Belarus and in the Finnish campaign. In the latter, he was an employee of the army newspaper Heroic Campaign; when he returned, he published the December Diary dedicated to this war. In 1940-1941 he worked as the editor-in-chief of the magazine " New world».
In 1941-1945, Surkov was a military correspondent for the front-line newspaper Krasnoarmeyskaya Pravda and a special correspondent for the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, and also worked for the Combat Onslaught newspaper. Participated in the defense of Moscow, traveled to the Rzhev region, fought in Belarus. Near Rzhev in the fall of 1942, he almost died near the villages of Glebovo and Vydrino in the valley of the Boinya River.
One of the most famous and most heartfelt poems of the Great Patriotic War "Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region", written by Konstantin Simonov in 1941, is dedicated to Alexei Surkov.
The author of the texts of famous patriotic songs “Song of the Brave” (music by V. Bely, 1941), “Dugout” (“Fire beats in a cramped stove ...”; music by K. Listov, 1941), “Song of the Defenders of Moscow” (music by B. Mokrousov, 1942) and others. He took part in the creation of poetic feuilletons about the brave, successful Russian soldiers Vasya Granatkin (the army newspaper Heroic Campaign, 1939-40) and Grisha Tankin (the newspaper of the Western Front Krasnoarmeyskaya Pravda, 1941-42). During the war years, he published collections of poems “December near Moscow”, “Roads lead to the West”, “Soldier's heart”, “Offensive”, “Poems about hatred”, “Songs of an angry heart” and “Punishing Russia”.
Based on the results of the business trip, in 1944 he published a book of essays “Lights of the Great Urals. Letters about the Soviet rear. In the same year, he participated in the discussion of the draft of the new Anthem of the USSR.
In 1944-1946 he was the executive editor of Literaturnaya Gazeta. In June 1945 he visited Berlin, Leipzig and Radebeuse, and then Weimar; Based on the materials of the trip, he wrote a collection of poems “I sing Victory”. He graduated from the war with the rank of lieutenant colonel (1943).
AT post-war years A. A. Surkov, always well aware of the situation, fulfilling the social order, wrote poetry, calling for the struggle for peace. He traveled extensively as part of literary and public organizations. The impressions from these travels and meetings inspired his poems, included in the collections: “Peace to the World” (1950; Stalin Prize, 1951), “East and West” (1957), “Songs about Humanity” (1961), “What is Happiness ? (1969). In addition to poetry, A. A. Surkov wrote critical articles, essays and journalism. He published a collection of articles and speeches on questions of literature, Voices of the Time (1965). He translated the poems of Mao Zedong and other poets.
In 1945-1953, A. A. Surkov was the executive editor of the Ogonyok magazine. In the 1950s, he was rector of the A. M. Gorky Literary Institute. Since 1962 he has been the editor-in-chief of the Concise Literary Encyclopedia. Member of the editorial board of the Poet's Library.
Actively participated in the persecution of "not corresponding" to the party line of writers, a singer of the Stalin era. In 1947, A. A. Surkov published an article "On Pasternak's Poetry", directed against the poet. He was one of the signatories of the Letter of a group of Soviet writers to the editorial office of the Pravda newspaper on August 31, 1973 about A. I. Solzhenitsyn and A. D. Sakharov.
Member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU (1952-1956), candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1956-1966). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 4th-8th convocations and the RSFSR of the 2nd-3rd convocations (since 1954). Member of the World Peace Council and the Soviet Peace Committee. Since 1949 - Deputy Secretary General, in 1953-1959 - First Secretary of the Writers' Union of the USSR.
Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 14, 1969 "for outstanding services in the development of Soviet literature, fruitful social activities and in connection with the seventieth anniversary of the birth "Aleksey Aleksandrovich Surkov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal."
Honorary citizen of Rybinsk (1976). School No. 28 in the city of Rybinsk, streets in Rybinsk and Yaroslavl, a new four-deck river boat were named after A. A. Surkov.
He was awarded four Orders of Lenin (1959, 1967, 1969, 1979), the Order of the Red Banner (1945), two Orders of the Red Star, the Order of the Badge of Honor (1939), medals, foreign award- Order of Cyril and Methodius. Twice winner of the Stalin Prize (1946, 1951). International Botev Prize (1976).
In Moscow, on the house where the poet lived, a memorial plaque was erected.
Books by A. A. Surkov:
Chorus. Book of Poems (1925-1929). - M., 1930.
Poems (1931).
On the approaches to the song (1931).
Offensive" (1932).
Last war. - M., GIHL, 1933. - 110 p.
Peers. - M., 1934.
Homeland of the courageous. - M., 1935.
The Way of Song (1936).
Soldiers of October (1938).
That's how we grew. - M., 1940.
It was in the north (1940).
Front notebook. - M .: Young Guard, 1941.
December near Moscow. Front lines. June - December 1941 - M .: Publishing House of the Central Committee of the Komsomol "Young Guard", 1942. - 95 p.
Big War (1942).
Roads Lead West (1942).
Soldier's Heart (1943).
Offensive (1943).
Punishing Russia (1944).
Songs of the Angry Heart. - Yaroslavl, 1944.
Lights of the Great Urals: Letters about the Soviet rear. - M., 1944 (collection of essays).
I Sing Victory (1946).
Heart of the World (1950).
Road to Victory (1950).
Selected Poems (1950).
Peace is peace! Poetry. - M., 1953.
Selected poems and songs. - M .: State. publishing house of cultural enlightenment. Literature, 1953.
Selected: verses, poems, songs. - M .: Soviet writer, 1956.
East and West (1949-1957). Poetry. - M., 1957.
In the white world Poetry. - M., 1957.
Songs about Humanity (1961).
A bold bullet is afraid. Poems and songs. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1964. - 400 p.
Collected works, in 4 volumes, - M., 1965-1966.
I sing my Fatherland. Selected works Soviet poetry. - M., 1967.
What is happiness? Poetry recent years. - M., 1969.
After the war. Poems 1945-1970 - M., 1972.
Selected poems, in 2 volumes, M., - 1974.
Collected Works: In 4 volumes [introduction. Art. A. Turkova].- M .: Khudozh. literature, 1980.
Poems of time. Poems. Little Poems. Songs. - M., 1983.
Selected: poems, short poems / comp., prepared. text and foreword. A. Turkova; artistic S. Kuzyakov]. — M.: Fiction, 1990. - 317 p., portr.
We went to battle from the Volga ...: songs of front-line poets / Alexei Surkov, Lev Oshanin, Sergey Smirnov; composer-musicologist Yu. E. Biryukov. - Rybinsk, 2005. - 189 p.: ill., portrait, notes. —(To the 60th anniversary of the Great Victory)
In one - front-line songs, Ruslanova's records and Stalin's father's awards ... In the other - anti-aging technologies, the Guinness Book of Records and a schoolgirl daughter Sasha, who dreams of entering the art design faculty.
How to separate history from the present, who settled together under the roof of this house, the highest on Prechistenka, in the center of Moscow? What are the main numbers here: 57 - how much did Natalya Surkova give birth to, immediately becoming a Russian record holder? Or 70? So many years ago, the “Dugout” was born, written by her father.
“Fire beats in a cramped stove ...” 70 years ago, during the defense of Moscow, A. Surkov's poems were born, the song for which became an event. And the appearance of his granddaughter, born half a century later, was already a real miracle.
Both the girl and the song have their own story... However, both of them are about love.
"And there are four steps to death"
My father was the same age as the century, and I am almost the same age as the Zemlyanka, says Natalya Surkova, only 3 years older than her.
She is young, as a young mother should be. She is talkative and tongue-tied - “senile talkativeness has been with me since childhood”, - as it should be for a journalist. Precise and subtle - as befits a musicologist and his father's daughter.
Aleksey Surkov, a "hut", an employee of a rural reading room, reached the literary heights - in his career and in his work. Editor of Ogonyok and member of the World Peace Council. Member of the Supreme Council and 1st Secretary of the Writers' Union. Hero of Socialist Labor. He went through three wars - with military orders. And on the fourth, Great, he wrote "16 home lines" - they made up his posthumous glory ...
"The bushes whispered to me about you / In the snow-white fields near Moscow. / I want you to hear / How my living voice yearns" ...
It was November 27, 1941 - my father came as a correspondent near Istra and was surrounded at the command post. When, nevertheless, they were able to get out of the dugout and get to ours, the entire father's overcoat was cut by fragments. Only then did they realize that they had walked through their own minefield, miraculously surviving. The father then said: “He did not take a step further than the headquarters of the regiment. Not a single one ... And there are four steps to death. ”
It only remained to add: “It’s not easy for me to reach you ...”
Before you - this is up to Sonechka Krevs.
These famous lines went, sealed in a soldier's triangle, to the city of Chistopol, "writers' evacuation." There, together with Pasternak, Isakov-
Skim, Fadeev also saved the poet's wife and daughter Natasha. “To you, my sun,” is written on the back of the page ...
It was a troubled union of two completely opposite in spirit people, they had some kind of never-ending relationship. Dad, a man of art, was very easy-going, enthusiastic, cheerful, loved people, and at the same time he was a kind man, a real Russian village. And my mother did not like companies, she was closed person with a complex character, very sober in spirit. She didn't keep that letter from her father...
After the letter to Sofya Krevs was set to music by the composer Listov, who begged Surkov for "at least some verses", "Dugout" was picked up by the front. The record was recorded by Nina Ruslanova. And - the entire circulation was destroyed! “They said that this is a decadent song that demagnetizes Soviet man... ”From above it seemed that four steps was too close. “Yes, you write for them at least four thousand English miles,” the fighters were indignant, “we know how far it really is ...”
I remember that during one of the feasts, dad was indignant: “People sing: “I am warm in a cold dugout / From your unquenchable love,” but I have it written “from mine!” To which his mother replied: “Here, Alyoshenka, the people corrected you” ...
Mom far outlived her father, who died of a heart attack in 1983. His death was a test for her. Everyone thought that he spoiled his wife ... I remember how, before important Kremlin receptions, two friends, a beautician and a manicurist, came to my mother - dad opened the door for them, gallantly took off both coats and shouted deep into the apartment: “Sonyushka, they came to you from society according to fight against relentless mother nature!”
Mom couldn’t survive her father’s departure and her impotence, loneliness - she destroyed the entire father’s archive and cut down, taking an ax, all the roses in our apple orchard. Without his love, she suffocated. It seems to me that it was precisely because of this - the loss of my father and the behavior of my mother - that I “clung” to the father of my girl ...
“I am like the Lenin nuclear-powered ship”
She already had two children and one grandson, as a journalist of the State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company she traveled the whole world - from Rome to Kabul, when great love descended from the sky like a cloud. This love demanded continuation, drove me crazy ...
I saw an advertisement: we help childless couples. And the phone number was remembered by itself. I came to the reception - and they asked me to bring a certificate from the mental hospital ... I returned after 2 months. It wasn’t crazy, Sasha was just waiting for me somewhere, I spread such an emanation of motherhood around me ...
Hormone therapy allowed Sasha, a human cub, to get stuck in his mother's womb and sit there without frills for all 9 months. When she was brought into the world, the doctors shouted to the whole birth: “Hurrah! Hooray!"
After all, I, like the Lenin nuclear-powered icebreaker, smashed all theories ...
Friends fainted. The eldest son turned away. It was rumored that the child was adopted. No one could find an explanation - and to her herself, everything that happened seemed like a terrible dream ...
After the birth of Sanya, such a time came that I wanted to die more than live ... Her father "retired of his own free will" - he betrayed me, and my world collapsed. I thought the baby would be born in a big happy family, and was left completely alone under the sidelong glances of others ... It was the blackest, most terrible moment: there was no money, health began to fail. But Sasha and I managed. I got into Russian book Guinness World Records as the country's oldest mother. We have spent all these years under one motto: “The best thing in the world is little children!” And the more of them, the better.
... “This is how the whole life is - sometimes troubles, sometimes wars. / And the days without wars, as before, are restless,” wrote Alexei Surkov in his last dedication to his wife ...
His daughter - mother-grandmother - is a record holder. For two times they live under the roof of her house. Two loves continue - in the song and in the granddaughter of the poet Sasha. Two stories are kept by one woman. And while no one knows which of them will last longer ...
A brief biography of Alexei Surkov, a Soviet poet, public figure, lieutenant colonel, Hero of Socialist Labor, Laureate of two Stalin Prizes, is presented in this article.
Short biography of Alexei Surkov
Alexei Surkov was born on October 13, 1899 in the village of Serednevo in an ordinary peasant family. From the age of 12 he began to earn money - he worked in a furniture store as an apprentice, in a printing house, in carpentry workshops, in an office, as a weigher in the commercial port of Petrograd.
During the First World War, he was an active participant in the Polish campaign and the Civil War. Until 1922 he served as a machine gunner and mounted scout. Participated in skirmishes against Antonov's gangs and battles on the North-Western Front. After the end of the war, he returned home to the village.
For two years, from 1922 to 1924, Surkov worked as a secretary of the volost executive committee, a village correspondent in a district newspaper, a hut and a political education organizer. The next two years he spent in Rybinsk at Komsomol work.
In 1926-1931, Alexei Surkov served as editor of the Yaroslavl provincial newspaper Severny Komsomolets. After he moved to Moscow, where he was elected in 1928 to the leadership of the RAPP.
Deciding to connect his future life with literature, in 1931 he entered the IKP at the Faculty of Literature. Graduated educational institution in 1934 with the defense of his dissertation.
From 1934-1939 he was engaged in teaching at the Literary Institute of the Writers' Union of the USSR and the Editing and Publishing Institute. He also served as deputy editor of a magazine called Literary Education, working under Gorky. He also appeared in the magazine as a critic.
Alexei Surkov took part in a campaign in Western Belarus. During the Finnish campaign, he was an employee of the army newspaper "Heroic Campaign". During the Second World War, he worked as the editor-in-chief of the journal Novy Mir, Krasnoarmeyskaya Pravda and Krasnaya Zvezda.
In 1947, he published a critical article "On Pasternak's Poetry", directed against the poet. He also works as an editor-in-chief of Literaturnaya Gazeta and Ogonyok magazine. In 1962, he took the post of editor-in-chief of the Brief Literary Encyclopedia, joined the editorial board of the Poet's Library, and in the 1950s was rector of the Literary Institute. Gorky.
Actively visits literary circles. Here I met my future wife Sophia Antonovna Krevs, in whose marriage a daughter and a son were born.
Since 1954 he was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR. Also held the post General Secretary and the first secretary of the SP of the USSR.
Famous works and books of the author- a book of poems "Zapev", songs "It's not clouds, thunderclouds", "Chapaevskaya", "Early-early", "Fire beats in a cramped stove", "In the vastness of the Wonderful Motherland", "Konarmeyskaya", "March of the Defenders of Moscow ” and “Song of the Bold”.