Elective course in physical education at the university. "Elective courses in physical culture" for students in a non-specialized (creative) higher educational institution
Athletic gymnastics, which is based on modern systems exercise, has a high motivational value and has a certain appeal to high school students. Today in our society by means mass media and television formed the image of a successful person - physically hardy, with a harmonious physique.
Remain in demand and popular professions, for which you need high level physical training. These include: for young men - work in the structures of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, OMON, in various security organizations, study in military and fire schools; for girls - modeling business, teaching non-traditional types of gymnastics, such as shaping, fitness, etc.
The proposed elective course of athletic gymnastics is aimed at developing values associated with the formation of a healthy lifestyle, physical improvement of the body, as well as the rejection of negative manifestations that exist in the life of young people, including bad habits. It is designed for students in grades 10-11. The volume is 34 hours, 1 hour per week for a year or 2 hours per week for six months.
For a school with an in-depth study of physical culture, this elective course is aimed at mastering the ability of students to carry out their own physical culture, health and sports activities.
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Harmony and perfection of the physique
The elective course in physical education was compiled by Sosyura.S.N.
Explanatory note
Athletic gymnastics, which is based on modern systems of physical exercises, has a high motivational value and has a certain attractiveness for high school students. Today, in our society, the mass media and television have formed the image of a successful person - physically resilient, with a harmonious physique. Professions that require a high level of physical fitness remain in demand and popular. These include: for young men - work in the structures of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, OMON, in various security organizations, study in military and fire schools; for girls - modeling business, teaching non-traditional types of gymnastics, such as shaping, fitness, etc. The proposed elective course of athletic gymnastics is aimed at developing values associated with the formation of a healthy lifestyle, physical improvement of the body, as well as the rejection of negative manifestations, existing in the life of young people, including bad habits. It is designed for students in grades 10-11. The volume is 34 hours, 1 hour per week for a year or 2 hours per week for half a year. For a school with in-depth study of physical culture, this elective course is aimed at mastering the ability of students to carry out their own physical culture, health and sports activities.
The purpose of training. Course objectives.
Learning Goal: Purposeful physical training, but athletic gymnastics, the results of which will be useful in subsequent training, choosing a profession, productive work, military service. An additional goal of the course is the organization of self-study through the compilation of athletic gymnastics complexes aimed at strengthening health and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Course objectives: mastering knowledge about the forms of athletic gymnastics and using them in self-development and self-improvement of the physical and mental abilities of the body; education of willpower, discipline, purposefulness; formation of the need for a culture of movements, a harmonious, beautiful physique and an increase on this basis of a real self-esteem of the individual. Conceptually, the program is built on the personality-oriented nature of learning. This means that athletic gymnastics takes into account the individual body types of students, their physical fitness, health status, as well as mental development. In this course, the fundamental experience of the J. Vader system finds practical application.
Program content
The content of the elective course program is a physical system with a health-improving and corrective orientation. The course is built on the principle of transition from the development of basic physical qualities(fundamental) to private (profiled), thereby ensuring the translation of mastered knowledge into practical skills and abilities. The practical content of the course is a system of physical exercises, presented in unity with the basics of knowledge about athletic gymnastics and the physical characteristics of a growing person. Students' reporting on the results of mastering the elective course consists of: analysis of the results after completing tests to assess physical qualities: - strength, strength endurance, speed strength, speed and general endurance, in accordance with the requirements of the mandatory minimum development of physical abilities, before the start of the elective course; - comparison of test data the same qualities after the elective course and determining the assessment of the level of physical condition, taking into account the increase in results: preparing and defending theoretical work on compiling a set of athletic gymnastics exercises to achieve goals and objectives this course.
Class structure
The structure of the elective course lessons corresponds to the level principle of their construction. From lesson to lesson, the weight of shells and weights of simulators regularly increases, as well as the number of repetitions of exercises. However, depending on how you feel and physical condition on specific days, both an increase in weight and intensity of exercise, and a decrease are used. The first two practical lessons are devoted to the technique of movements and ideas about the level of initial strength, i.e. what weight can be used the right number repetitions. The next three sessions are needed to explore what weight the student is able to use in each exercise within the maximum for boys and girls. Then regular weight gain will reflect the real possibilities of "building" the physique.
The position of the teacher
The position of the teacher during this elective course varies depending on the stages of mastering the program. The first stage is organizational activity aimed at mastering the basics of training culture by students in athletic gymnastics classes. At the second stage, the teacher acts more as an adviser, recommending and controlling the technique of performing movements, increasing the weight of weights and the number of repetitions in specific exercises. At the third stage, taking into account the experience gained by students, the teacher mainly performs the functions of a consultant.
Methods. Immediate results.
Management methods training sessions courses are different and depend on the type of conducting, both the lesson and its part. The frontal method is used in the theoretical section, with calming exercises and stretching. The flow method is used in circuit training. The shift method is necessary when insuring a partner, when the insurer changes places with the one who completed the exercise. An individual method is necessary when accounting physical features one or the other student. Most often, due to the heterogeneity of most lessons, a mixed method is used. The direct result of the elective course will be: improvement of the physical qualities of high school students, health promotion and the formation of a healthy lifestyle motivation; a health-improving and corrective effect, expressed in a change in the volume and relief of the muscles, as well as in a general improvement in the structure of the body. The organization of independent studies will be a delayed result of the course. , drawing up individual complexes of athletic gymnastics, as well as the use of knowledge, skills and results of athletic gymnastics in subsequent training, choosing a profession. The content of the elective course can be integrated with the main program content for school course physical culture, as well as with training courses in biology, requiring knowledge of anatomical, physiological and hygienic requirements.
LESSON CONTENT
Section 1. Fundamentals of knowledge about athletic gymnastics. Lesson 1. Safety in athletic gymnastics (1 hour).
Section 2 Methods physical culture activities in athletic gymnastics.
Lesson 2. Determining the level of physical qualities: strength, speed strength, endurance, strength endurance (2 hours).
Lesson 3
Goals and objectives of athletic gymnastics. Studying the technique of movements with projectiles and on simulators, assessing the magnitude of the burden (3 hours).
Lesson 4.
. The main muscle groups, the nature of movement in training exercises (2 hours). A set of exercises No. 1: bench press, lying on a horizontal bench; breeding arms with dumbbells to the sides, lying on a horizontal bench; lifting arms with dumbbells through the sides, standing; bench press from behind the head, sitting; squatting with a barbell on the back on the bench; leg straightening, sit on the simulator; bending the legs, lying prone on the simulator; exercises for the muscles of the neck in all directions.
Complex №1
Lesson 5.
The main muscle groups, the nature of movement in training exercises (1 hour). Set of exercises 2: lifting the bar to the chest; one-handed dumbbell row; lowering bent arms with a barbell behind the head while lying down; raising arms through the sides in an inclination; bending the arm with the support of the elbow in the thigh; bending the arms at the wrists with a barbell grip from below; lifting the body from a prone position; straightening the arm at the elbow back in an inclination; lifting socks from a position lying with weights on the simulator.
Complex №2
Lesson 6.
The main muscle groups, the nature of movement in training exercises (1 hour). Set of exercises 3: squatting with a barbell on the back on the bench; straightening the legs while sitting on the simulator; bending the legs, lying prone on the simulator; backbone strength on the simulator; lifting weights to the stomach in an incline on the simulator; bench press, lying on an inclined bench; bench press from behind the head, sitting; straightening the arm, sitting at the elbow (French bench press): lifting the arms through the sides in an inclination; leg raises while lying on an incline bench.
Complex №3
Lesson 7
Diet plan for athletics (1 hour). A set of exercises number 1.
Lesson 8. Vitamins and minerals (1 hour). A set of exercises number 2.
Lesson 9
Means of recovery, work in the first zone of intensity, contrast shower, bath, sauna (1 hour). A set of exercises number 3.
Lesson 10.
Circular training of general physical orientation (1 hour). A set of exercises: lifting legs. to the chest, bending the knees in the hang on the gymnastic wall 10-15 times; flexion and extension of the arms in the lying position 10-18 times; from the stop, crouching, jumping up with claps of the palms above the head 20-25 times; squatting on one leg with support on the second (left - right) 12-18 times; pull-ups on a low bar from a prone position 13-15 times, on high bar 6-10 times; carrying a partner on the back 15 m 3 times, replacing each other. The pace of the exercises is above average, rest between stations is 30-45s, and between circles is 3-5 minutes.
Lesson 11
Means of physical recovery. Autogenic training(1 hour). A set of exercises No. 1. Lesson 12. Pharmacological means of restoring physical condition. The inadmissibility of the use of hormonal and other prohibited drugs (1 hour). A set of exercises number 2.
Lesson 13
Motivation for athletic gymnastics (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 3. Lesson 14. Formation of a positive attitude towards classes (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 1. Lesson 15. Diet during intensive training (1 hour). Complex: exercises number 2.
Lesson 16.
Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 3. Lesson 17. Circular training of increased intensity (1 hour).
Lesson 18.
Occupation active rest(1 hour). Performing exercises and tasks in free form: jogging, pedaling an exercise bike, exercises with a medicine ball weighing 1-2 kg. Catching and passing medicine ball, pushing, throwing, game tasks.
Lesson 19.
Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 1. Lesson 20. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 2. Lesson 21. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 3. Lesson 22. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 1. Lesson 23. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 2. Lesson 24. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises number 3.
Lesson 25
Circuit training for power development (1 hour). A set of exercises; lifting the legs, bending the knees to the chest while hanging on the gymnastic wall 10-15 times; squatting on one leg with support on the second (left - right) 12-18 times; pull-ups on a low bar from a prone position 13-15 times, on a high bar 6-10 times: carrying a partner on his back 15 m 3 times, replacing each other. The pace of the exercises is high, rest between stations is 30 seconds, and between circles is 3 minutes. Number of runs -- 4 laps (1 hour).
Lesson 26
Active recreation (1 hour). A set of exercises: running at an easy warm-up pace, pedaling an exercise bike, general developmental exercises without objects at the gymnastic wall; intensity zone within 1-2 zones (1 hour).
Lesson 27
Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 1. Lesson 28. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 2. Lesson 29. Training exercises (1 hour). A set of exercises No. 3. Lesson 30. Circular training of a general physical orientation (1 hour).
Lesson 31.
Determination of the increase in the level of physical qualities based on the results of the elective course: strength, speed strength, endurance, strength endurance (1 hour). Lesson 32. Protection of individual projects: sets of athletic gymnastics exercises for further improvement, taking into account the individual characteristics of the student (1 hour).
Introductory Lecture
by discipline
"Elective courses
on physical education»
physical culture and sports are implemented:
on
- "Physical culture" in the amount of at least 72
academic hours (2 credits);
- Elective courses in physical culture in
not less than 328 hours (0 credits).
Specified
academic
watch
are
mandatory. "Physical culture" is held
in the form of lectures.
Elective courses in physical
culture are carried out in the form
physical training by type
sports: athletics, volleyball,
table tennis, badminton,
ski training, gymnastics, etc. Study groups are formed after a medical examination
in accordance with the order of the KSPU them. V.P.
Astafieva, taking into account the state of health
involved.
The number of the main group is 15
human;
special medical group- 8-12 people.
Students released on condition
health from physical activity, prepare and
defend abstract work on topics,
proposed by the Department of Physical Culture and
health, at the beginning of each semester. A student who regularly participates in sports
sections and having test results on
physical fitness excellent, or excellent and
good, or good, can attend classes freely
disciplines Elective courses in physical culture.
The basis for free attendance
Elective courses in physical culture is
personal statement of the student, to which are attached:
certificates of regular attendance at the sports section
KSPU them. V.P. Astafiev or educational
organizations of a sports orientation of the subject of the Russian Federation in
the current academic year,
physical fitness test results for
excellent, or excellent and good, or good. The department has:
2 gyms and a tennis hall at Vzletnaya 20;
2 at Marx 100;
ski base.
Conditions for getting credit
a) attending all classes (or practicing
missed);
b) passing tests: running 100m, 2/3km, push-ups,
jump rope, pull-ups, press, long jump with
places;
d) abstract (requirements for writing on the site
departments)
c) classes in sections (as agreed). All disputes are resolved in
following sequence:
Leading Lecturer - department
(Popovanova N.A., room 1-33; Tue, Thu 14:00 18:00). Cell phones, players
time to clean up.
student late or not
admitted - fulfills
pass. Medical examination is carried out by order of
faculties and groups;
students who fail the medical examination
classes will not be allowed.
Help for SMG (special
medical group) are transferred to the leader
teacher.
After medical examination (October) final
completing SMG.
When transferring to another teacher
debts are transferred. Physical education is carried out only on
1-2-3 courses (tests in 2, 4 and 5 semesters),
further only independently;
If a student is ill, then a certificate
to the lead teacher to assure
first-aid post (Lebedeva, 80) - classes are not
are being worked out
After a long illness,
The lead teacher decides the abstract.
Testing takes place in Stadium 2
once a year - in autumn (from mid-September) and
spring (from mid-May). All classes are in sportswear only,
shoes.
Call for classes for students; from class
for the teacher 60 min.
No independent departures from classes,
only with the permission of the teacher
Warm up is a must.
Latecomers are not allowed! Should not be left in
locker rooms valuables or
money can be deposited
teacher.
There is a security issue
of things!
Forgotten things to pick up from the box in
teaching!)
Purpose of the discipline
The purpose of mastering the discipline is to achieve the following results
education (RO): knowledge: at the presentation level: gain understanding social role physical culture in personal development and preparation for professional activities; consolidate knowledge of scientific and biological and practical foundations physical culture and healthy lifestyle; determine the possibility of using individual self-study in the process of studying at the university in the specialty; to master the procedure for organizing, providing and conducting educational and training, educational and methodical classes in physical culture with students of higher educational institutions; to understand the technique, tactics, features of the organization of training sessions and competitions in various sports; prospects for the development of physical culture in the system of higher education in Russia.
at the playback level: master the technique of performing exercises from curriculum, the requirements for performing control exercises and the methodology for teaching these exercises; improve the methodology for the development of physical, special and psychological qualities by means of physical exercises of the studied sports; to implement the requirements for the organization and methods of conducting morning hygienic gymnastics.
at the level of understanding: understand the meaning and place of physical culture in the system of training a specialist with higher education, tasks, terminology and content various kinds sports as an academic discipline; understand the importance of using hygienic factors and the healing forces of nature in promoting health and maintaining professional performance; to master the organization and methodology of conducting training sessions using the studied exercises, ways to control physical activity when performing exercises, methods of self-control and self-assessment of physical condition; form motivationally value attitude to physical culture, attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle, physical self-improvement and self-education, the need for regular exercise and sports; ensure mastery of the basic safety requirements when using the equipment sports facilities, simulators, places for classes and competitions according to the studied exercises of the training program; to achieve an understanding of the limitations in the use of physical exercises in the process of training sessions in the presence of deviations in the state of health.
Relationship with other disciplines
The discipline "Physical culture (elective discipline)" is focused on the intellectual, aesthetic and moral development of the individual, on improving the level of education of the leading specialist, as an important condition for his professional self-determination in the subsequent labor activity. The purpose of physical culture, as an academic discipline, is the formation of the physical culture of the individual, as one of the factors of its sociocultural existence, providing the biological potential of life, as a way to realize one's human destiny, use one's strengths and abilities to meet one's development needs at all stages life path. "Physical culture" most fully implements its educational and developmental functions in a purposeful pedagogical process physical education, which is based on the basic didactic principles: consciousness, visibility, accessibility, systematic and dynamic. All this as a whole is reflected in the psychophysical reliability of the future specialist, in the required level and stability of his professional performance.
Teaching methods
To implement the training program, various practical, verbal and visual methods are provided, which are used in conjunction at all stages of training. The choice of one method or another depends on the content of the educational material, on the tasks of training, the practical preparedness of the tasks being trained, which are solved in a particular lesson. Practical methods are used in physical education classes, which are divided into two groups: methods of strictly regulated exercises (learning in parts, as a whole and with the help of preparatory exercises) and partially regulated (game and competitive). The methods of a strictly regulated exercise are characterized by repeated performance of an action with strict regulation of movements, the magnitude of the load, the duration of rest, etc. Practical methods play a decisive role in the formation of motor skills, development and improvement of physical and special qualities in students. verbal methods provide the implementation of two functions: semantic, with the help of which the content of the taught material is expressed, and emotional, which allows to activate the student. Verbal methods are based on the use of the word as a means of influencing those involved and include explanation, story, conversation, giving commands, instructions, remarks. Visual teaching methods are showing, demonstration of videos, films, photographs, posters, diagrams that create students' figurative ideas about the exercises being studied. Visual methods are presented as - display, demonstration, posters, drawings and diagrams and movies.Requirements
As a result of passing the discipline, students must:- to understand the role of physical culture in the development of personality and its preparation for professional activity;
- know the basics of physical culture and a healthy lifestyle;
- possess a system of practical skills that ensure the preservation and promotion of health, development and improvement psychological abilities and qualities, self-determination in physical culture;
- gain experience in the use of physical culture and sports activities to achieve life and professional goals;
- have the means, methods, skills and abilities necessary for physical self-improvement;
- to consolidate the systematic nature of scientific and practical knowledge on physical culture for creative use in the practice of physical culture and sports activities;
- be able to plan and conduct independent classes with a health-improving, recreational and restorative orientation;
- be able to carry out self-diagnosis of the body during physical exercises and sports, use self-control methods.
Gnezdilov Mikhail Anatolievich, candidate pedagogical sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education, Kuzbass State Technical University them. T.F. Gorbachev, Kemerovo [email protected]
The role of elective courses in physical culture in the formation social competence and adaptability of university students
Annotation.In modern education increased attention to the formation of social competence and adaptability of future specialists. At the same time, the role of the university is to provide conditions for the inclusion of students in activities in which the process of socialization does not proceed spontaneously, but purposefully. One of these conditions, the author of the article considers the collective form of organization learning activities students, in which, along with other disciplines, important role playing physical education. In particular, the author refers to the requirements of the Federal State Educational Establishment, which refers to the need for students to have the ability to use the methods and means of physical culture to ensure full-fledged social and professional activities. The purpose of this article is to reveal the role of physical culture in the formation of social competence and adaptability of future specialists. According to the author, one of the solutions to this issue is the introduction of studying proccess elective courses in physical culture, aimed at the implementation of individual and differentiated approaches to learning. The author argues that the introduction of elective courses in physical culture in educational process University allows you to create conditions for the inclusion of students in such activities, in which, on the one hand, the development of their independence, self-organization is carried out, their interests and needs are realized, on the other hand, interpersonal interaction is carried out in groups according to sports preferences, which, as a result, contributes to the formation of their general social competence and adaptability. Keywords: social competence of university students, adaptability, socialization, collective form of organization, team building, elective courses
Some social tension and the need to quickly respond to changing living conditions in Russia and the world explain the interest of domestic and foreign psychological and pedagogical science in the problem of personality socialization. In modern education, attention to the formation of social competence and adaptability of future specialists in various professional fields has significantly increased. The role of a higher educational institution in the formation and development social status future specialist is extremely high, and the knowledge and experience acquired during the training period are invaluable, but, getting into new educational conditions significantly different from the previous ones, former schoolchildren are faced with the problem of adaptation. in higher educational institution they require greater independence in mastering educational material, the need to establish interpersonal relationships in the emerging team, while it is possible to completely or partially change the old stereotypes of life and the formation of new ones. This difficult period of adaptation of former schoolchildren to new conditions of education and interpersonal communication is complicated by their age crisis. The requirements for mastering the necessary level of social competence for modern students are set out in the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education in the areas of undergraduate education. The most important role of the university in the implementation of the requirements of the Federal State Educational and Educational Establishment is to provide conditions for the inclusion of students in such types of activities in which the process of socialization does not proceed spontaneously, but purposefully and contributes to the development of the ability of future specialists to effectively solve their goals and objectives.
One of the important conditions for the formation of social competence, in our opinion, is the collective form of organization of students' educational activities, in which, along with other disciplines that have this educational potential, physical education plays an important role. methods and means of physical culture to ensure a full-fledged social and professional activity (OK8). We believe that in the process of physical education, one of the key abilities of socially competent specialists is formed - the ability for team building and interaction within the formed team. How academic discipline physical culture contributes to a long and rather complex process of forming social competencies due to the use of team sports games as a means of physical education and the formation of certain groups according to the sports preferences of students. But, it is worth noting that interaction and productive interpersonal communication in such groups is often complicated by the problem of differentiating the load and control standards, taking into account the type of constitution, the level of physical development and the state of health of students, their interests and needs. According to the results of the All-Russian sociological survey conducted among students of higher educational institutions in 2016, the most common activities in physical education classes are physical exercises (97.5%). Of the sports most often practiced are athletics (92.1%), outdoor and sports games (85.4%), gymnastics with the basics of acrobatics (72.8%). But it was found that the presented practiced sports do not meet the interests and needs of all the students surveyed. A significant part of the respondents noted that currently popular sports, new fitness areas are not practiced in the classroom. It was found that when organizing physical education in higher educational institutions, such forms of physical activity as hockey, shooting, handball, weightlifting, rugby, rounders, yoga, crossfit, swimming, table tennis, orienteering, which, according to the results of the survey, are the most attractive for students. It was also determined that a significant proportion of students who took part in the social survey are attracted by performing tasks on simulators (86%), assessing the state of their body and working capacity (72.7%). Only 73.9% of students receive methodological justification of the material being studied in practical classes. When presenting theoretical material, they rarely use Computer techologies, visual aids, films and presentations and other additional materials (23%). In theoretical work, it is attractive for respondents to use modern technical means(48.8% of respondents are interested in watching films and presentations, 31.2% are interested in doing tasks on a computer). In general, about 80% of respondents are interested in all types of activities traditionally used in physical education classes. At the same time, regardless of the characteristics of the state of health, the majority of the students surveyed showed a fairly high motivation and their interest in improving the quality of physical education teaching. In our opinion , all the above problems activate the search for new approaches and forms of organization of the educational process in physical education classes. The solution to these problems, we believe, is the introduction of elective physical education courses into the educational process, aimed at the implementation of individual and differentiated approaches to learning. Elective courses are courses that contribute to the deepening of individualization and differentiation of education and are designed to satisfy the educational needs (interests, inclinations) of students. “Elective courses are the most important means building individual educational programs, since they are most connected with the choice of each student of the content of education, depending on his interests, abilities and subsequent life plans "We believe that the introduction of elective courses can increase the attractiveness of classes for students and, as a result, increase their cognitive physical activity. Elective courses provide students with the opportunity to choose the optimal mode of training, a model of physical education, an interest group, taking into account their individual characteristics, both on the basis of traditional and modern sports areas (a group of general physical training, a section or a group in a particular sport) within the general schedule. Strengthening the gaming and competitive components of classes allows you to develop general cultural competencies, the ability to organize effective communication, work in a team and ensure fair competition.
Classes in elective courses also involve a consistent and detailed methodological explanation of the technique of performing physical exercises and the subsequent effect, providing students with the opportunity to track these effects together with the teacher and independently, including assessing the state of their body and working capacity during the lesson. Active use of modern information and computer technologies in the implementation of elective courses, the use of active and interactive methods of work, interactive electronic teaching aids of a new generation, multimedia visual materials, analysis of sports news and current trends in the field of physical culture and sports create conditions for increasing the efficiency of mastering the theoretical part of the program. Of course, it must be taken into account that the introduction of elective physical education courses into the educational process of the university will require the modernization of the sports infrastructure and ensuring its compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements, the improvement of locker rooms and showers, and the equipping of sports facilities with the necessary modern inventory and equipment. In general, elective courses are focused on learning, which is based on the social needs of society, the ability to use the acquired competencies in everyday and professional activities, the development of professional significant qualities and skills such as focus, focus on process, self-control and perseverance. Elective courses in physical culture are focused on compiling individual sets of exercises to meet their own needs for physical improvement, developing an individual daily regimen and a balanced diet, selecting recommendations for strengthening immunity through physical culture and sports, forming a healthy lifestyle that will give positive results in future professional activities. So, the acquired in the process of physical culture lessons, knowledge, abilities and skills (within the framework of elective courses) will allow students to further take into account individual characteristics physical, gender and age development, to apply them during regular independent physical education and sports, to create an individual regimen of physical exercises with various directions. The implementation of elective courses in physical culture at the university makes a significant contribution to the formation of universal human values and a healthy lifestyle for students, strengthening their health and preventing bad habits. , the development of their independence, self-organization is carried out, their interests and needs are realized, on the other hand, interpersonal interaction is carried out in groups according to sports preferences, which, as a result, contributes to the formation of their general social competence and adaptability. The introduction of elective courses becomes an effective organizational and pedagogical condition for stimulating the socialization of students through physical and sports activity and contributes to both cognitive and motor activity of students, being an important condition in achieving personally significant needs, maximum results in physical and personal improvement.
References 1. Afanasiev V. V., Vasilyeva M. A., Kunitsyna S. M., Feshchenko T. S. Principles of organizing a system of specialized education // Education and Science in modern conditions: Materials of the VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. Cheboksary: CNS Interactive Plus, 2016.–No. 3 (8). -FROM. 3543.2. On the approval and implementation of the federal state educational standard of higher vocational education in the direction of training 150700 Mechanical Engineering (qualification (degree) "bachelor"): Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia dated November 09, 2009 No. 538 (as amended on May 18, 2011) // Portal of the Federal State educational standards. –URL: http://fgosvo.ru. –[Date of access 09.03.2017].3.Osokina E.S., Levan T.N., Zudin A.B., Aksenova E.I., Gotskaya A.I., Degtyareva T.O. sociological research involvement of students in classes on the subject (discipline) "Physical culture": Information and analytical materials. SPb.: NIC ART, 2016. 342 p.4. Korshunova O. S., Roleder L. N. Elective courses in physical education in universities, prospects and opportunities // Young scientist. –2016. – No. 23. P. 558560.5. Profile training: Normative legal documents. M.: TTs Sphere, 2006. 96 p.
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION Birsk branch federal state educational budget institution higher professional education "Bashkir State University"
Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences and Humanities
The work program of the discipline "Elective courses in physical culture"
Direction of training
44.03.05 PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION
Training Profile History\Law
Qualification (degree) of the graduate Bachelor
Form of study - full-time / part-time
AGREED
I. ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SECTION ……………………………………....…6
Purpose of the courses…….…………………………………………………………………………………..…..6 Learning objectives of the courses…………… …………………………………………………………...…..….6 The place of discipline in the structure of the OBEP HE (the main professional educational program higher education)……………………………………………………………………..6 Requirements for the results of mastering the content of the discipline………………………………. ……7 Forms of control………………………………………………………………………………….…....7
III. EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES …………………………………………………….18
IV EDUCATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL, INFORMATION AND MATERIAL AND TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE DISCIPLINE ……………………………………..…..18 Recommended reading………………………………………………………………………. ….eighteen
Recommended training, reference and information, control and other computer programs used in the study of the discipline…………………………..19 Logistics of the discipline (sections)………………………………. .…...19 V EVALUATION TOOLS…………………………………………………………………….....19 sample topics for essays9 Questions to
offset…………………………………………………………………………………….....20
VI. THEMATIC PLAN OF STUDYING THE DISCIPLINE ……………………………........22 Applications…………………………………………………………………………… …………….....3 1 Appendix
1………………………………………………………………………………………......35 Annex 2…………………… …………………………………………………………………... …...38
I. ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL SECTION 1.1 The purpose of elective courses in physical culture:
The purpose of elective courses in physical culture is the formation of general cultural competencies: OK-8 the ability to use the methods and means of physical culture to ensure a full-fledged social and professional activity;
1.2 Educational objectives of elective courses in physical culture:
The objectives of the courses are:
1. maintaining and strengthening the health of students, promoting the correct formation and comprehensive development of the body, maintaining high performance throughout the entire period of study;
2. understanding of the social significance of applied physical culture and its role in personal development and preparation for professional activities;
3. knowledge of scientific - biological, pedagogical and practical foundations of physical culture and a healthy lifestyle;
4. formation of a motivational and value attitude towards physical culture, attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle, physical improvement and self-education of the habit of regular physical exercises and sports;
5. mastering the system of practical skills that ensure the preservation and strengthening of health, mental well-being, development and improvement of psychophysical abilities, qualities and personality traits, self-determination in physical culture and sports;
6. acquisition personal experience increasing motor and functional capabilities, providing general and professional-applied physical fitness for future profession and life;
7. acquisition by students of the necessary knowledge on the basics of the theory, methodology and organization of physical education and sports training, preparation for work as public instructors, coaches and judges;
8. laying the groundwork for creative and methodically sound use physical culture and sports activities for the purpose of subsequent life and professional achievements;
9. improvement of sportsmanship of students-athletes.
1.3 Place of courses in the structure of the OBEP HE elective courses in physical culture belong to the base curriculum and constitutes a separate section.
To successfully complete the course, the student must:
1. the importance of physical culture in the formation of a general culture of the individual, initiation to universal values and a healthy lifestyle, strengthening human health, preventing bad habits, maintaining a healthy lifestyle by means of physical culture in the process physical culture and sports activities;
2. scientific foundations of biology, physiology, theory and methodology of pedagogy and practice of physical culture and a healthy lifestyle;
3. the content and direction of various systems of physical exercises, their health-improving and developmental effectiveness.
1. take into account the individual characteristics of the physical, gender, age and mental development of those involved and apply them during regular physical exercises;
2. conduct independent physical exercises with a general developmental, professional-applied and health-improving-corrective orientation; 3. make up individual complexes of physical exercises with different directions.
1. a set of exercises aimed at improving health, teaching motor actions and developing physical qualities;
2. methods for determining the dosage of physical activity and the direction of physical exercises;
3. methods of insurance and methods of providing first aid during physical exercises.
1.4. Requirements for the results of mastering the course content
As a result of mastering the courses, the following competencies should be formed: OK-8 the ability to use the methods and means of physical culture to ensure full-fledged social and professional activities; As a result of mastering the competence of OK-8, the student must: acquire
the ability to use the methods and means of physical culture to ensure a full-fledged social and professional activity;
1.5 Forms of control
Current and boundary control is carried out by the teacher conducting practical classes, in accordance with the thematic plan.
Current and milestone certification in 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 semesters - credit
The results of the current control and intermediate certification form a rating assessment of the student's work. The distribution of points in the formation of a rating assessment of a student's work is carried out in accordance with the "Regulations on the rating system for assessing the progress and quality of students' knowledge in the federal state budgetary educational institution higher professional education "Russian University of Economics named after G.V. Plekhanov". Distribution of points by certain types work in the process of mastering the discipline "Applied Physical Education" is carried out in accordance with Appendix 1.
Volume of discipline and types of educational work
part-time education Type of work
Total labor intensity Classroom work:
Lectures (L) Practical exercises (PZ) Laboratory work(LB) KSR
Independent work:
Self-preparation (study and repetition of lecture material and material of textbooks and manuals, preparation for practical training, colloquia, boundary control, etc.)
Preparation and delivery of the test
Type of final control: test
Labor intensity, hours
1 semester |
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II. COURSE CONTENT |
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Name |
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Formed |
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course section |
The results of mastering (know, be able, own) |
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competencies |
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Physical culture and sports as social |
Know: |
professional |
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Physical |
social phenomena. Current state |
solidarity and corporatism, understanding |
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culture in |
physical culture and sports. Federal Law No. 329 "On |
duty and honor |
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general cult |
physical culture and sports in the Russian |
know how to decide |
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Federation". Physical culture of personality. |
production |
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profession |
The essence of physical culture as |
on the professional level, find a contact |
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social institution. Values |
with all team members |
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preparing |
physical culture. Physical Culture |
Possess: knowledge of professional ethics |
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students. |
as an academic discipline of higher |
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vocational education and |
allowing |
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holistic development of the individual. Valuable |
organizational and managerial work in |
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orientation and attitude of students to |
team at a high modern level |
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physical culture and sports. Main |
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the provisions of the organization of the physical |
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education in higher education. |
Know: |
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Topic 2. Social |
organism |
human |
Main |
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biological |
self-developing |
self-regulating |
physical education, the role and place of physical |
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fundamentals of physical |
biological |
Impact |
culture and sports in ensuring health |
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culture. |
natural |
socio-ecological |
nation and promotion of socio-cultural |
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factors on the body and life |
development of society, methods and means |
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person. Means of physical culture and |
physical |
culture |
ensure |
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sports in management |
improvement |
social |
professional |
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functionality of the body |
activities, |
independent, |
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in order to ensure mental and physical |
correct |
use |
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activities. Physiological mechanisms and |
physical education and health promotion |
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patterns |
improvement |
Be able to: Find effective methods and |
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individual |
organism |
funds |
physical |
culture |
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impact |
directed |
physical |
ensuring social and professional |
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workout. |
Motor |
activities, |
identify positive |
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increasing the resistance of the human body |
negative |
physical |
Educational
technology
Practical
Independent
students.
Discussion
abstracts.
Consultations
teachers.
Practical
Independent work of students Discussion of abstracts. Teacher consultations.
to different conditions external environment |
training, |
right |
use |
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methods of physical education both in theory and |
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on practice |
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means |
independent |
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methodically |
correct |
use |
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physical education |
and fortifications |
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health, |
willingness |
achieving |
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due |
physical |
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readiness |
ensure |
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full social and professional |
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Topic 3. Fundamentals |
Human health as a value and factors |
Know: the relationship of the student's general culture |
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healthy lifestyle |
its defining ones. The relationship of the general |
and his lifestyle. |
Practical |
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life. Physical |
culture of the student and his way of life. |
Be able to: use knowledge of a healthy way |
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culture in |
Healthy lifestyle and its components. |
in professional and public life |
Independent |
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providing |
Personal attitude to health as a condition |
Possess: personal and social skills |
student work |
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health. |
formation of a healthy lifestyle. |
hygiene and age physiology |
Discussion |
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Criteria for the effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle |
abstracts |
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2.2. Providing course content
Topic 1 . Physical culture in general cultural and vocational training students.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-3; H-1, H-2, D-1; E-9 Questions for self-examination:
1. Expand the concept of physical culture.
2. Name the functions of physical culture.
3. What is physical perfection?
4. What are the indicators of physical perfection?
5. Expand the concept of physical education.
6. On what principles is the domestic system of physical education based?
7. What is physical training.
8. Name the types of physical training.
9. What is physical development?
1. Take measurements of your height, weight and mass, calculate the indices of their ratios.
2. Enter the data in the diary once a month and determine the dynamics of indicators throughout the year.
Topic 2 . Socio-biological foundations of physical culture.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-5; D-1; D-9, D-13 Questions for self-examination:
1. What types of bones does the human body consist of?
2. Define the concept of a joint and name the types of joints.
3. Name the main types of muscles and their functions.
4. Define the concept of sarcomere and determine its functions.
5. Which muscle fibers have the fastest contractility?
6. What is glycogen split into during anaerobic processes of energy production?
7. What is formed when carbohydrates and fats are oxidized?
8. What process of energy generation is most effective during long-term physical work.
9. Define of the cardiovascular system and characterize the changes in its work during physical exertion.
10. Define the respiratory system and describe the changes in its work during physical exertion.
Tasks for independent work:
1. Determine heart rate and blood pressure at rest and during exercise.
2. Performing a load of different intensity and measuring heart rate and blood pressure, determine how they depend on the magnitude of the load.
Topic 3 . Fundamentals of a healthy lifestyle. Physical culture in ensuring health.
Literature: O-1; O-2, O-3; H-1; D-9; D-4, D-12, D13 Questions for self-examination:
1. What does a healthy lifestyle involve?
2. What is human health (as defined by the World Health Organization)?
3. Name the groups of risk factors affecting human health.
4. Name the integral indicator of a person's physical health.
5. What is MPC (DMPC). How does a person's health depend on this value?
6. What are the main indicators of homeostasis of a healthy person (pressure, heart rate, plasma pH, respiratory rate, glucose concentration).
7. Give the formula for effective nutrition and the proportions of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in food.
8. List the main functions of nutrition.
9. What should be the power of the training load (in % of the maximum level of physical performance) in health training?
10. Name the most effective method health training.
Tasks for independent work:
1. Calculate your daily energy expenditure.
2. Balance consumption of main energy sources with daily consumption.
Topic 4. Psychological foundations of educational work and intellectual activity. Means of physical culture in the regulation of working capacity.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-5; D-9; D-4; D-11. Questions for self-examination:
1. After what period of time after the start of studies during the school day do students show optimal (sustainable) mental performance?
2. What is the typical dynamics of mental performance of students during the school week?
3. Does the change in the physical performance of students during the school week correspond to the dynamics of their mental performance?
4. What periods during school year Do students experience a maximum decrease in mental and physical performance?
5. Is it possible to effectively solve the problems of improving the health and working capacity of students during their studies at the university only within the framework of physical education classes?
6. What "small forms" of physical exercises exist in the mode of students' educational work?
Tasks for independent work:
1. Study the dynamics of your own performance during the day.
2. Balance the ratio of work and rest for the most efficient performance.
Topic 5. General physical and special training in the system of physical education
Literature: O-1; O-2; D-1; D-6; D-10. Questions for self-examination:
1. What is physical training?
2. What is the essence of general physical training?
3. What does special physical training include?
Topic 6. Fundamentals of the methodology of independent physical exercises.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-4; D-5; D-8; E-12 Questions for self-examination:
1. What are the forms of self-study.
2. How the nature of the content of classes changes depending on age.
3. What is the motivation and purposefulness of self-study. 4.Features of self-study for women.
5. The boundaries of the intensity of loads in the conditions of self-study in people of different ages.
6. Self-control over the effectiveness of self-study.
Tasks for independent work:
1. Make a complex of morning exercises from 12-15 exercises.
2. Perform the complex daily and notice an increase in the overall performance of the body.
Topic 7. Sports. Individual choice of sports or exercise systems.
Literature: O-1; O-2; H-1; H-2; D-6; D-8. Questions for self-examination:
1. Define the term sport.
2. What are distinctive features competitive activity?
3. What changes in the functional state of a person are caused by the competitive environment?
4. What is mass sport (sport for all)?
5. What is elite sport (Olympic sport)?
6. What is a professional (entertainment-commercial) sport?
Topic 8. Features of practicing a chosen sport or a system of physical exercises.
Literature: O-1; O-2; D-6; D-8; D-12; E-13 Questions for self-examination:
1. Give a physiological explanation of the concept of the phase of supercompensation (super-restoration of energy sources, excitability of the nervous system)?
2. What method of physical education involves the exact dosage of load and rest?
3. What methodological principle of physical education involves a gradual and constant increase in the requirements for those involved?
4. How does the competitive environment affect the physiological effect of physical exercise?
Tasks for independent work:
1. Choose a distance that you can run easily at the lowest intensity possible.
2. Run this distance every other day at the same time for 1-2 months regularly and find out how much easier the body copes with the load (systematic will lead to over-recovery of the body).
Topic 9 . Diagnosis and self-diagnosis during exercise and sports
Literature: O-1; O-2; H-1; D-2; D-9, D-13. Questions for self-examination:
1. What is the frequency of medical control for athletes?
2. Specify the main purpose of the medical examination.
3. What determines the physical development of a person?
4. What type of posture is considered normal?
5. What characteristics underlie anthropometric standards?
6. What is the correlation method based on?
Tasks for independent work:
1. Take measurements of heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate at rest.
2. Take measurements of the subcutaneous fat.
Topic 10. Sports. Choice of kinds of sports, features of occupations by the chosen kind of sports.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-3; D-6; D-8; D-12; E-13 Questions for self-examination:
1. Give a description of the features of the impact of sports (system of physical exercises) on physical development and fitness, mental qualities and personality traits.
2. Give a description of sports that develop individual physical qualities.
3. What are the goals and objectives of sports training in the conditions of the university.
4. Tell us about planning a workout in your favorite sport.
5. What are the main ways to achieve physical, technical, tactical and mental fitness.
6. Determine the main methods of monitoring the effectiveness of training sessions.
Tasks for independent work:
1. See the tasks of topic 9.
Topic 11. Self-control during physical exercises.
Literature: O-1; O-2; H-1; D-3; D 7; D-13. Questions for self-examination:
1. What is the purpose of self-control?
2. Specify the subjective data of self-control
3. Specify the objective data of self-control
4. What is the inspiratory breath holding (Stange test) in healthy adults?
5. What is the breath holding on exhalation (Genchi test) of trained people?
6. What heart rate should not be exceeded when exercising at the age of 18?
Tasks for independent work:
1. Do your own Genchi test.
2. Conduct a Stange test yourself.
Topic 12. Professional-applied physical training (PPPP) of students.
Literature: O-1; H-1; D-1; D-3. Questions for self-examination:
1. What is professionally applied physical training (PPPP)?
2. What is the purpose of the PPFP?
3. What are the tasks of the PPFP?
4. What groups can be conditionally divided professions?
5. What are the main physiological indicators to be taken into account when assessing the severity of labor?
Tasks for independent work:
1. Make a set of physical exercises for your work activity.
Topic 13 . Physical culture in the professional activity of a bachelor
Literature: O-1; O-2; H-1D-1; E-2 Questions for self-examination:
1. What effect does forced restriction of physical activity have on the body of students during mental activity?
2. Do biological rhythms influence human performance?
3. Does the level of physical activity of students in the process of studying at a university affect their health?
4. What is meant by motor activity (DA) of a person?
5. What are the components of a person's physical activity?
7. Is it possible to form certain mental qualities and personality traits with the help of physical exercises (doing one or another sport)?
Topic 14. Interrelation of the general culture of the student and his way of life.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-3; H-1; H-2; D-1; E-2 Questions for self-examination:
1. Human health as a value and factors that determine it?
2. Interrelation of the general culture of the student and his way of life?
3. Healthy lifestyle and its components?
Topic 15. Criteria for the effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle.
Literature: O-1; O-2; O-3; D-3; D 7; D-13. Questions for self-examination:
1. Personal attitude to health as a condition for the formation of a healthy lifestyle? 2. Criteria for the effectiveness of a healthy lifestyle?
Topic 16. Possibility and conditions of correction of physical development, physique, motor and functional readiness by means of physical culture and sports at student's age.
Literature: O-1; H-2; D-3; D-3. Questions for self-examination:
1. Correction of physical development.
2. Influence of FC, sports and healthy lifestyle on the functioning of the body and body growth. 3. Correction of motor and functional readiness.