What is at the bottom of the sea. Scientists have found at the bottom of the ocean, something that will destroy all ancient myths! Great Blue Hole
People spend great efforts on space exploration, and meanwhile the Earth is no less interesting object for study. One has only to fill the chest with more air and dive under the water - and before you is another world full of intriguing mysteries just like our Universe. In just the past few decades, divers have found a myriad of mysterious artifacts, seen incredible and shocking landscapes and met with hosts of amazing creatures. Here are 9 amazing discoveries made by tireless underwater explorers.
1 Ghost locomotives
In 1985, one of the American cartographers came across an unusual find. Exploring the ocean floor off the coast of New Jersey, he discovered ... a couple of locomotives. Moreover, the United States stopped producing such giants in the middle of the 19th century. But the most surprising thing is that the numbers of the found locomotives do not appear in any archive. Where did they come from and how did they end up underwater? Fantasy fans believe that the locomotives came from another dimension. As for scientists, they are not yet able to find a rational explanation for the appearance of trains at the bottom of the ocean.
2. Underwater "Stonehenge"
Researchers discovered a gigantic stone structure at the bottom of Lake Michigan a few years ago. No one still knows for what purpose and who built the underwater "Stonehenge" and whether he has a connection with the British counterpart. It is only known that on one of its pillars there is a carved image of an animal that disappeared from the face of the Earth more than 10 thousand years ago. Thus, scientists have more questions than answers.
3. Karst funnels
You may have seen them on land, but sinkholes also form underwater. One of them arose at the bottom of the Red Sea.
The Blue Hole, as it is known, is one of the most dangerous places in the world to dive. Because of the huge number of people who died in its bowels, the funnel received an unspoken name - "Divers Cemetery".
4. Yonaguni Monument
The monument is located several miles off the coast of Japan. It is more than 5 thousand years old, and its origin causes a lot of controversy. People are divided into 2 camps: some believe that Yonaguni is a creation of nature, others are sure that the monument was created by human hands.
5. Underwater sculpture park
If you ever decide to look into the depths of the Caribbean Sea, you will freeze in horror when you see more than 500 stone statues staring at you.
And if you know who weeping angels are, you won't turn away or even blink when you look at these chilling sculptures.
Source 6Silver Bars Sunk in World War II
Exploring the depths of the sea off the coast of Ireland, the researchers found a real treasure - more than 60 tons of silver aboard a British ship that sank in 1941, after a battle with a Nazi submarine.
Of course, this is not the famous leprechaun's pot of gold, but still not a bad find!
7. Ancient city under water
If you remembered Atlantis, we will disappoint you: it does not exist. The city, which will be discussed below, has a more trivial history. It was found at the bottom of the Chinese lake Qingdao. Water hid it from our eyes for a little over half a century. Surprisingly, the lake was created artificially back in the 50s by one of the Chinese companies for the subsequent construction of a hydroelectric power station. Thus, people themselves drowned a city about 1300 years old and safely forgot about it.
8. Underwater river
Did you know that a halocline is formed between the streams of fresh and salt water - a kind of border separating them? Meanwhile, it was thanks to her that underwater rivers arose on Earth.
Scuba divers can observe this amazing natural phenomenon at the bottom of the Black Sea and in the cenotes of the Mexican Yucatan Peninsula.
9. Silver spiders
As it turned out, spiders live not only on land and have long conquered the underwater space, and they breathe with lungs!
To survive under water, silverfish build nests from cobwebs and fill them with air, which they deliver there on their own abdomen.
The ocean is fraught with many mysteries and treasures. Many people dedicate their whole lives to the search for treasures and legendary sunken cities - thanks to them, we learn about the amazing things lurking at the bottom.
Yonaguni
Yonaguni Island is located in the western part of Japan. He became famous when divers discovered an amazing underwater complex at a depth of 27 meters. It is a platform with steps turning into terraces covered with a bizarre ornament of triangles. Scientists have come to the conclusion that this monument was man-made, which was supposedly created 2000-3000 years ago.
Jurassic microbes
This find was discovered by scientists only in 2012. Microbes, which are about 86 million years old, are still peacefully resting on the ocean floor
Ancient Heraklion
The city of Ancient Heraklion was hidden in the depths of the ocean for several millennia - scientists only learned about it in 2000. Once it was a port city through which ships got to Egypt. A prosperous place was wiped off the face of the earth as a result of an earthquake that happened in the first century BC. Most of the inhabitants of the city died, and miraculously the survivors fled.
Antikythera - the oldest computer
The Antiker mechanism, recovered from the depths of the ocean in 1900, is often called one of the most important finds of the 20th century. The scientist believes that this is the world's first analog computer, helping the ancient Greeks to make great strides in the development of mathematics and astronomy.
Precious metals from the Third Reich
The world record for the extraction of gold found in one place is 61 tons of silver from the time of the Third Reich. Treasures taken out by the Nazis on the SS Gairsoppa in 1941 were considered lost forever - until the company Odyssey Marine Exploration did not look for them. To date, about a fifth of the total mass of values has been raised on land.
Treasures from the Galleon Nuestra Señora de Atocha
In 1985, after seventeen years of searching, the legendary treasure hunter Mel Fisher discovered a Spanish galleon that sank in 1622. The ship Nuestra Señora de Atocha was transporting a precious cargo weighing 40 tons to Spain. The ship sank for unknown reasons off the coast of Florida. Numerous attempts by divers to get treasures were unsuccessful.
Mel Fisher approached the matter seriously - he found investors and organized a company that was supposed to be engaged in a search operation. For more than a dozen years, work has been carried out, as a result of which treasures worth a total of $ 450 million were raised from the place of the galleon's death.
Cursed Emeralds
Treasure hunter Jay Miscovich took out the jewels from the bottom of the ocean, which ultimately destroyed him. Off the coast of Florida, he discovered huge emeralds worth several million dollars. Local television became interested in the find, and then federal investigators. All this made the life of the newly rich man so stressful that he committed suicide - this cemented the reputation of emeralds as "cursed" stones.
He took up the development of the ocean and, for this, he founded a company.
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The oceans are full of mysteries, and this gives us the opportunity to dream and fantasize. It takes about 70 % our planet, and only 5 % body of water have been studied. This means that under water shell The earth hides many secrets that are still undiscovered.
website collected 10 amazing objects found underwater. But this is just a drop in the ocean. We cannot even imagine what awaits us in the water depths.
Great Blue Hole, Belize
The Great Blue Hole is unique natural object, along the contour of which coral reefs are located. It is the largest formation of its kind in the world, 120 m and area in 10 football fields.
It is located 100 km east of the coast of Belize. The beginning of formation dates back to the last ice age - about 65 million years ago. This place became popular thanks to the famous explorer of the underwater depths. Jacques-Yves Cousteau. In 1971 he announced big hole one of the top 10 dive sites.
Movement of tectonic plates
Behind last years as a result of the movement of the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates the distance between them has increased significantly. This impressive phenomenon can be seen both on land and diving deep under water. The phenomenon has been captured by several underwater photographers.
marine biologist Alexander Mustard pointed out that visitors can be very surprised by the crystal clean water and enchanting views. The plate movement speed is about 2.5 cm per year.
Ancient city of Heraklion, Egypt
Ruin ancient city Heracleion was discovered by a French archaeologist Frank Goddio V 2000 at a distance of 6.5 km from the coastline of Egypt at a depth of 50 m.
There is a legend that the city was once visited Elena Troyanskaya and Greek hero Hercules after which the city got its name. To this day, scientists conduct thorough research and raise priceless archaeological finds to the surface.
Underwater pyramids of Yonaguni, Japan
underwater pyramids Yonaguni are the most mysterious place in Japan. They were found in 1987 while diving off the coast of the island of the same name in the Japanese archipelago.
On the pyramids there are many terraces and platforms of various sizes, the surface is pitted with ditches and trenches. One of the walls of the monument breaks vertically down, going to a depth of about 27 m. According to experts, the age of the pyramids can reach more 10 thousand years.
Underwater river at the bottom of the Black Sea
Amazing underwater river at the bottom Black Sea discovered by British scientists. If this river were on land, then it would become the 6th largest in the world. Its width is about 1 km, and the depth in some areas reaches 35 m. There are even waterfalls, currents and whirlpools.
Scientists have established that the underwater river was formed as a result of the penetration of more salty water from the Marmara into the Black Sea several centuries ago.
Underwater City Shichen, China
Once upon a time in Zhejiang Province, there was a mysterious city called Shichen. His mystery was that one day he simply disappeared. As it turned out later, the valley in which the city was located was turned into an artificial reservoir for the construction of a new hydroelectric power station. The government had to relocate 290 thousand people. A dam was built on the territory of the city, as a result of which Shichen ended up at the bottom of the lake.
It's hard to believe, but after more than half a century, the wooden beams and stairs of the city are in good condition, as if time flows in it somehow differently.
Underwater sculpture park
The unique museum was created by an English sculptor Jason Taylor. It is located at the bottom of the Caribbean Sea, not far from the coast of Grenada. The first exhibits were sunk to the seabed in 2006.
To date, the museum has more than 65 exhibits, the collection of which is replenished annually. This project benefits not only as a cultural object, but also as an important part of the wildlife ecosystem.
altic UFO ("Baltic UFO"), or Baltic anomaly ("Baltic anomaly") - this name was given by the world news agencies an unusual round object, next to which an expedition of Swedish oceanographers led by Peter Lindberg and Dennis Asberg operated. The mystery of the Baltic UFO that was eventually found at the bottom, an impressive revelation of the mystery.
An object of unusual shape was found at a depth of 87 meters. Experts put forward many theories about what it could be. Some argue that this is a secret construction from the period of the Second World War. And with its help, the Germans fought with submarines.
The mystery of the Baltic UFO that was eventually found at the bottom: the Star Wars ship
A mysterious object, discovered at the bottom of the Baltic Sea, brought together a whole team of experts from different directions, bringing joy and puzzled them. All professional archaeologists, historians as well as ufologists became interested in this amazing find. Each specialist put forward his own theory about what it could be. Only everyone cannot decide what kind of object it is and, most importantly, why.
Marked as a "Baltic Sea anomaly", the structure looks like a natural one spaceship, sank under water with " star wars».
The item was discovered by Swedish treasure hunters, the Ocean X team, under the command of Captain Lindberg and archaeologist Asberg. They had to clean the find from the numerous silt that covered the object for many months.
The anomaly was discovered by accident, the equipment refused to function nearby near the place where the object was located. Everything electrical went out, even the lights on the suits. After such events, they began to study the territory in more depth.
Of course, the news about this discovery spread all over the world, almost all newspapers and the Internet wrote. That's just a clear version of what it is and could not be voiced. Versions about the object are very different, some put out a theory about a Russian sunken ship, others about an unknown spacecraft.
The mystery of the Baltic UFO that was eventually found at the bottom: attempts to unravel the object
Weiner, who studied a sample of material raised from the bottom, concluded that such a metal does not exist in nature.
There are experts who claim that this is a secret Nazi submarine, because it is known that Germany conducted tests in these waters. Others insist that it is a UFO. Here are just no confirmed data for such daring hypotheses at the moment there is - however, there is no clear refutation of this.
"Baltic UFO" is an object with a diameter of about 60 meters at the bottom, which was found with the help of sonars.
"For 18 years professional activity I have not seen anything like it,” Lindbergh was amazed at the time.
The exact geometric shapes stunned experts, this structure resembled the Millennium Falcon ship from the legendary Star Wars movie, or it looks like a famous architectural structure like the English Stonehenge.
The mystery of the Baltic UFO that was eventually found at the bottom: the mystery of the "mushroom" is revealed
They came to the aid of the shooting specialists that the team shared, they were filmed close to the subject. They suggested that this structure did not fly, they only wondered, because near the "Baltic UFO" an indented strip and furrows about 300 meters long go to the side. It can be assumed that the object made an emergency landing.
The object itself resembles a mushroom hat, rising 4 meters above the bottom. At the top, an oval hole was found, and unusual "burn marks": formations similar to foci covered with soot.
At the moment, the mystery of the "mushroom" may have already been discovered. Volker Brüchert, a professor of geology at Stockholm University, believes that the object lying at the bottom of the Botanical Bay - between Finland and Sweden - most likely has a geological origin. As the expert noted, the Baltic Sea is the result of the passage of a glacier in this area. Having melted which laid the beginning of the sea.
The specialist suggested that the samples that came to him were fragments of ordinary basalt - rock volcanic origin. He believes that the basalt was brought to this place by a glacier. And after the ice melted, he found himself at the bottom of the sea. So the object itself, most likely, got to this place due to the melting of glaciers.
The world ocean hides at its bottom great amount treasures that researchers or even ordinary fishermen periodically find. This article will tell you what interesting things have been found at the bottom of the seas and oceans over the past 10 years.
Ancient ship at the bottom of the Black Sea
The researchers managed to find the remains of a ship that sank about 2400 years ago at the bottom of the Black Sea. Amazing find indicates that already in ancient times, the movement of maritime transport in this region was very busy.
A ship loaded with amphoras, ancient Greek ceramic containers for transporting liquid and bulk substances, as well as food, sank in the 4th century BC. In those times Ancient Greece experienced a flourishing economy and culture. One of the amphorae contained the bones of a large freshwater catfish. The fish was dried and cut into pieces. Fried catfish was very popular in Greece.
The Massachusetts Institute of Oceanography conducted studies that showed that catfish were caught between 488 and 228 BC. A group of American and Bulgarian scientists led by Robert Ballard, an oceanologist who once found the Titanic, reported that the ship lies at a depth of about 100 meters, a few kilometers from the coast of Bulgaria. “The Greeks went to the Black Sea for fish and gold,” the oceanologist said. The Aegean Sea is "beautiful, but sterile." It has very few nutrients, and therefore cannot serve as a rich source of marine bio-products.
The ship was transporting goods from the Black Sea colony to Greece. The scientists reported their discovery at a conference of the National Geographic Society, which funded the expedition. Other sponsors were the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Institute of Ocean Research and the Mystery Aquarium Research Institute in Connecticut, where Ballard works. The expedition was led by Dwight Coleman, researcher research institute, reports. According to him, the remains of the ship were discovered by three Bulgarian research participants, who on August 1, the last day of the expedition, sank to the bottom of the sea in an underwater vehicle. The Greeks kept wine, olive oil, fish and other products in amphorae. The researchers saw several dozen of these vessels at the bottom. The height of the vessel raised from the bottom of the sea is one meter. This is the usual size of a Greek amphora. In the future, scientists want to find out what is in other amphoras, as well as find pieces of a wooden case, tools, coins, which could more accurately determine the age of the vessel.
Chinook helicopter body at the bottom of the Aegean Sea
The discovery was made by a fishing vessel, which discovered a large metal object at a depth of 900 meters. The frigate of the Greek Navy Navarino joined the search, the crew of which, using sonar, confirmed the detection of the helicopter hull a few kilometers south of the Halkidiki peninsula. A Greek army Chinook helicopter heading for Athos crashed into the sea for an unknown reason. On board was the head of one of the most ancient Orthodox churches Patriarch of Alexandria Peter VII, as well as 16 persons accompanying him.
Galleon Notre Dame de Deliverance, Atlantic Ocean
The American company Sub Sea Research, which specializes in underwater work, turned to the Florida authorities with a request to allow it to raise from the bottom of the galleon Notre Dame de Deliverance, which sank off the coast of this state during a storm in 1755, which contains treasures totaling 3 .2 billion euros. Reports of the find aroused great interest in Spain, since the galleon, although sailing under the flag of France and with a French crew, was chartered by the authorities of Madrid to transport to Spain from the New World treasures from the Spanish colonies of Mexico, Peru and Colombia.
Notre Dame de Deliverance is the largest seabed underwater treasure that has ever been discovered According to the documents of that era, on the galleon, whose length is 50.5 meters, there were 473 kilograms of gold bullion destined for the Spanish king Charles III, 15.5 thousand gold doubloons, more than 1 million coins, 24 kilograms pure silver and other treasures. A Florida court allowed an American company that discovered the remains of the Notre Dame de Deliverance to begin work to extract the cargo, arguing that otherwise they could fall into the hands of illegal seekers. underwater treasures that have nothing to do with the find.
Meanwhile, the Spanish and French authorities strongly opposed this decision of the court. Pointing to the agreement signed in 1902 with the United States, they believe that they own the ownership of these riches, since they belonged to Spain, were transported by the French, and, in addition, the bodies of the sailors of both countries lie on the sunken sea.
The United States Department of State recognized Spain's rights to these treasures. The US Department of Foreign Affairs refers to the precedent created by the US Supreme Court in 2001, when the court prohibited sea treasure hunter Ben Benson and the state of Virginia that supported him from touching, without the permission of Spain, the cargo he discovered on the Spanish frigate Huno, which also sank during a storm. To date, the question remains open, as Sub Sea Research and the Florida state authorities consider the United States Department of State to be incompetent to decide on the fate of the galleon.
Reconnaissance aircraft, Adriatic Sea
Early in the morning a fisherman from Montenegro set up his nets three miles from the shore in the hope of a good catch. However, a modern reconnaissance aircraft landed in his network. In the afternoon, the fisherman began to pull out his catch, but the nets turned out to be very heavy. The aircraft is believed to have been shot down by a missile during the NATO military operations in Yugoslavia in 1999.
At first, this did not surprise him, since the fisherman had previously pulled out old grenades, shells from mines that the troops throw into the sea. But this time, the wing of the plane emerged from the water. By appearance the fisherman determined that it was an unmanned reconnaissance aircraft. He towed the unusual catch to shore and handed it over to the police and army. Most likely, the find will become an exhibit of the Belgrade Aviation Museum. It already contains "gifts" from NATO, including the wreckage of an American stealth aircraft shot down by Yugoslav air defenses.
Spanish galleon "San Jose" with treasures on board, Pacific Ocean
A 17th-century Spanish galleon was found off the Pacific coast of Panama with a cargo of gold and silver bars. The San José sank in 1631. The value of his cargo is estimated at $50 million. Historians knew that the San José sank off the Pearl Islands on June 17, 1631. However, the exact crash site remained unknown for a long time. On board the San Jose were about 700 tons of goods, including gold and silver bars, transported to Spain, Interfax reports.
The galleon sank after hitting the reefs. The search for the San Jose was resumed after another Spanish galleon was found off the Caribbean coast of Panama. Currently, there are no projects to raise both vessels due to lack of funding. Panama is negotiating with foreign sponsors to lift galleons. From the 16th to the 18th century, Panama served as a transit point for the transportation of gold and silver from South America to Spain.
Oil and gas company helicopter, Atlantic Ocean
At the bottom of the sea near Rio de Janeiro, a search and rescue team found a Sikorsky S-76 helicopter. The helicopter, owned by the Petrobras company, transported personnel to an oil platform in the offshore development area of the Campus Basin. Representatives of the company find it difficult to name the alleged causes of the disaster. Immediately after the crash, five people from the helicopter were rescued, the flight mechanic died. There are suspicions that five more people were trapped in the helicopter at the time of the fall and could not get out. The rotorcraft was found by a mini-robot at a depth of about 330 meters.
Icebreaker "Chelyuskin", Chukchi Sea
The head and initiator of the expedition, historian Alexei Mikhailov, said that the documents on board the sunken icebreaker could have been well preserved. “At such a temperature of water and in the absence of a sufficiently high biological activity, there is a possibility that even paper and fabric have not undergone serious changes, and everything has remained in some state in which it is possible, with sufficiently understandable methods of conservation, to still save and even read ”, he said.
"Cheloyuskin" was iced up and sank in 1934, one crew member died, and the remaining 104 people were forced to leave the ship and drift on an ice floe. Subsequently, people were evacuated during a special aviation operation.
The wreckage of Antoine de Saint-Exupéry's plane, Mediterranean Sea
A group of French submariners finally managed to find the exact place of death of the famous French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupery. The wreckage of the plane on which the author of The Little Prince flew on his last mission was examined by divers in the sea near Marseille. Based on the results of studying the numbers on the plane, the experts came to the final conclusion that it was indeed flown by a writer who went missing during a flight mission 60 years ago.
Antoine de Saint-Exupery, who in the 1920s took part in the creation of the first French airmail lines in Africa and Latin America, as a pilot participated in the hostilities of the allied forces.
On July 31, 1944, he flew from Corsica to the Mediterranean coast of France on a mission to photograph the area. Despite favorable weather conditions, the aviator writer, who by then was 44 years old, did not return from his assignment. For a long time it remained unknown whether his plane crashed in the mountains in France or fell into the sea.
In 2000, the wreckage of the plane carrying Exupery was found at a depth of 70 meters near Marseille. In the same area, earlier, a sailor fished out a bracelet engraved with "Saint-Ex" (that was the name of the writer's friends). However, until October 2003, the government banned research into the site of the alleged death of the writer. The search for a romantic pilot, or at least the wreckage of his aircraft, lasted 60 years. For the French, finding the remains of Saint-Ex was a matter of honor. And although the body of the writer was never found, the discovery of his plane will put an end to disputes about the place where Saint-Exupery died.
Submarine K-27, Kara Sea
The burial place of the nuclear submarine K-27 and 237 containers with solid radioactive waste were found in the Gulf of the Stepovoy Kara Sea during the scientific expedition. In the area of Novaya Zemlya, the area of the alleged burial of the reactor compartment of a nuclear submarine was examined. The nuclear submarine K-27 was launched in October 963. This cruiser was the world's first nuclear submarine hunter. Its uniqueness lay in a reactor with a liquid metal coolant.
May 24, 1968 the boat crashed near Severodvinsk. In 1981, the USSR Council of Ministers decided to sink the submarine in the Kara Sea. This decision was due to the impossibility of restoring the boat and the danger of nuclear contamination. The boat was sunk at a depth of 33 meters, it was later recognized that the burial depth did not meet safety standards. Western experts invariably criticized such boats for their high noise level. It was about the further modification of this cruiser that Tom Clancy wrote in his book The Hunt for the Red October.
Atlantis?
German scientist Dr. Rainer Kuen claims that he managed to find the location of the legendary Atlantis.
According to him, she was not an island at all, as is commonly believed, but was located on the Spanish coast. After examining satellite photographs of the area around the Andalusian city of Cadiz, he found traces of two buildings that could be ancient temples. This region experienced a devastating flood between 800 and 500 BC, which may have given rise to the legend of the sunken island.
Around the ruins of the temples, partially preserved circles are visible, which may be the remains of canals or ditches that diverged in circles from the central island, as described by Plato. According to the scientist, one of the temples - "silver" - was dedicated to Poseidon, and the second - "gold" - was a temple-palace that Poseidon built for his wife Kleita. According to Kuen, these circles are somewhat larger than those mentioned by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato, but the scientist is sure that he either deliberately underestimated the size of the island, or the ancient Greek unit of length itself - the stage was 20 percent more than is now commonly believed.