What date is the day of protection and reconnaissance. Scout Day: description, history and interesting facts
Military intelligence day- a professional holiday of the Russian military, whose service, one way or another, is connected with military intelligence - is celebrated in our country annually. It was established by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 549 of 2006.
The date of the holiday was not chosen by chance. On this day in 1918, as part of the Field Headquarters of the Red Army in Petrograd, the Registration Directorate was created to coordinate the efforts of all intelligence agencies of the army, which later turned into the famous Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) General Staff The Armed Forces of the Russian Federation is the central governing body of military intelligence in our country.
Although, of course, the profession of a scout traces its history back to more ancient times. Back in Kievan Rus, intelligence was a matter of national importance, and the first intelligence agency was the Order of Secret Affairs (the prototype intelligence agency that time) - was founded in 1654 under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich. Peter I, in his Military Regulations of 1716, summed up the legislative and legal framework for intelligence work.
In 1810, already under Alexander I, the Expedition of Secret Affairs under the Ministry of War was created, two years later it was renamed the Special Office under the Minister of War. It became the first central body of the War Ministry Russian Empire who organized the intelligence of the armed forces foreign countries. Its tasks included conducting strategic intelligence (collecting strategically important secret information abroad), operational-tactical intelligence (collecting data on enemy troops on the borders of Russia) and counterintelligence (identifying and neutralizing enemy agents).
And my modern history military intelligence has been conducting since 1918, when the staff of the Field Headquarters (FS) of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic was approved by the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic. And on November 5, 1918, the state was introduced by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic No. 197/27.
As part of the Field Headquarters of the Red Army, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, the Registration Directorate (Registrupr) was formed to coordinate the efforts of all intelligence agencies of the army: the Military Strategic Department of the Operational Directorate of the All-Russian General Staff, the Intelligence Division of the Operations Division of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs, the Intelligence Division of the Operational Directorate of the Supreme Military Council.
Since that day, the Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which is the direct successor of the Register, has been leading its history. That is why November 5 is considered the Day of Soviet military intelligence, which from the very beginning, in addition to conducting strategic and operational intelligence, was charged with obtaining military-technical information, information about scientific achievements in the military area.
Over the years of its existence, the military intelligence service has repeatedly changed its official name and passed into the subordination of various state departments and people's commissariats. In 1950, the GRU special forces were created.
Currently, military intelligence is part of the structure of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces and bears the official name of the Main Directorate of the General Staff Armed Forces Russian Federation. Intelligence is the "eyes and ears" of the armed forces, the main means of obtaining information.
The Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (GU GSh) - the foreign intelligence agency of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the central intelligence agency of the Armed Forces of Russia - solves a number of tasks of a military-political, military-technical, military, military-economic and environmental nature, has the ability to conduct space reconnaissance and has a fairly wide intelligence network on the territory foreign countries.
The GU special forces are capable of conducting special operations on enemy territory and in combat areas. The number and structure of this service is a state secret, and the importance of military intelligence for the armed forces is difficult to overestimate. For courage and heroism shown in the performance of special tasks to ensure national security, more than 700 military intelligence officers were awarded the high title of Hero Soviet Union and Hero of the Russian Federation.
By the way, in the history of the Soviet Union, an important place was occupied by the activities of counterintelligence structures. So, in April 1943, the Smersh Main Directorate of Counterintelligence was organized, which was entrusted with the task of combating espionage, sabotage, and terrorist activities of foreign intelligence services, combating treason and treason in units and institutions of the Red Army, desertion and self-mutilation on the fronts.
You are warriors of the invisible front,
Sometimes the course of the war depends on you!
There is no place for comfort in your work,
You must learn other people's secrets.
Intelligence is at the heart of the security of any country. And, like any division, representatives of this profession have their own holiday. Reconnaissance day - what date? How was this structure created and what does it consist of? contemporary activity? The article will tell about all this.
What date is Military Intelligence Day?
Today this holiday is celebrated by soldiers of the contract and military service, cadets and graduates of vocational schools. What date to celebrate the day of exploration has not been established for a long time. There was no official date, but those involved in the service knew about its symbolic meaning. Military Intelligence Day as a professional holiday in Russia appeared only in 2006 and is celebrated on November 5th. On this day in 1918, a special Registration Office was created to coordinate the actions of all units involved in intelligence work.
Now everyone knows what date to celebrate the Day of Exploration. Every year in Russia there are solemn events on the occasion of this day.
The history of the emergence of the profession
It appeared simultaneously with the emergence of the first state. In Russia, messengers, merchants, the military, and residents of the border regions were involved in the collection of valuable information. Later, Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich ordered the creation in 1654 of the Order of Secret Affairs, which became the first official intelligence agency.
In 1810, Barclay de Tolly was the initiator of the creation of an expedition of secret affairs under the War Ministry, later renamed the Special Office under the Minister of War. Employees of this department were engaged in the collection of strategically important intelligence information abroad, monitored and reported on foreign troops and their maneuvers on the border, and also carried out serious work to identify foreign agents. The first head of this unit was the adjutant wing, Colonel A.V. Voeikov, who took office on September 29. Reconnaissance Day began to be celebrated much later.
After the revolution, intelligence activities continued to be among the main priorities of the new state. On November 5, 1918, the Registration Directorate arose, which included undercover (intelligence) and military control (counterintelligence). It was headed by Semyon Aralov.
In 1918, special courses were organized to train future intelligence officers. The disciplines studied included topography, tactics, undercover intelligence, and others. Later they began to teach English, German and others. foreign languages. In 1926, the intelligence agencies began to be called the IV Directorate of the Red Army Headquarters.
Intelligence during the Great Patriotic War
All activities of the Intelligence Directorate were focused on ensuring combat operations. Not only all regions of the country were covered, but also those occupied by the enemy and the territories of foreign states. Agents of reconnaissance and sabotage groups were sent behind enemy lines, many of which later became the basis of partisan detachments. The information collected by strategic and operational intelligence formed the basis of all military operations.
Since 1942, the Intelligence Directorate became subordinate only to the People's Commissar of Defense. The activity was completely focused on undercover intelligence both in the USSR and on the territory of other states. Subsequently, a number of transformations were carried out, and since 1949 the name of the GRU of the General Staff of the Armed Forces was assigned to the structure.
Modern intelligence
Her area of interest continued to develop and expand. Now it covers everything that affects the preservation and strengthening of the security of the state. The GRU includes all types and directions of intelligence that only exist at the present time, and this big number. Exploration Day is now celebrated throughout the country, and members of this profession are congratulated and honored. After all, it is thanks to their activities that all important information is obtained in the military, economic and political fields. Military intelligence officers monitor hot spots, the actions of extremist and terrorist organizations. Possible sources and pathways are being explored constituent parts weapons of mass destruction and nuclear weapons. On the high level there is military space intelligence, which has shown its effectiveness during the hostilities in Syria.
Conclusion
The day of reconnaissance of what date is now known to everyone. In Russia, the Foreign Intelligence Academy trains future representatives of this profession, on the basis of which intelligence officers also improve their skills. All future cadets undergo a rigorous medical and psychological examination before being admitted to the entrance exams.
Intelligence is the "eyes and ears" of the armed forces
The day of the military intelligence officer was established by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation No. 490 of October 12, 2000. At the beginning of the 19th century, the first intelligence agency was created in Russia - the Expedition of Secret Affairs under the Ministry of War.
On November 1, 1918, the staff of the Field Headquarters (FS) of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic was approved by the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic. On November 5, the state was introduced by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic No. 197/27.
As part of the Field Headquarters of the Red Army, by order of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, the Registration Directorate (Registrupr) was formed to coordinate the efforts of all intelligence agencies of the army: the Military Strategic Department of the Operational Directorate of the All-Russian General Staff, the Intelligence Division of the Operations Division of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs, the Intelligence Division of the Operational Directorate of the Supreme Military Council.
Since that day, the Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, which is the direct successor of the Register, has been leading its history. That is why November 5 is considered the Day of Soviet military intelligence, which from the very beginning, in addition to conducting strategic and operational intelligence, was charged with obtaining military-technical information, information about scientific achievements in the military field.
November 5 marks the anniversary of the creation of military intelligence in Russia. In 1918, it was on this day that the Registration Directorate was formed as part of the Field Headquarters of the Red Army in Petrograd by order of the chairman of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Republic, Lev Trotsky, to coordinate the efforts of all intelligence agencies of the army. Since that day, the Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation has been conducting its history. It was the Registration Directorate that became the prototype of the current central military intelligence control body - the Main Intelligence Directorate (GRU) of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces.
Today, the Main Intelligence Directorate is the most important component of strengthening the state. This structure combines all existing types of intelligence - strategic, undercover, including illegal, technical, economic, space and military, better known as the GRU special forces.
As part of other military units, military intelligence also existed in tsarist Russia. But as a separate unit, the military intelligence of the Russian Federation has been counting its history since November 5, 1918.
History of military intelligence
The profession of scout is considered one of the oldest on earth. Back in the days of Kievan Rus, intelligence was a matter of national importance. Ambassadors, messengers, merchants, residents of the border regions and military detachments were involved in collecting data. Later, already under Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, in 1654, the Order of Secret Affairs was founded - the prototype of the intelligence department of that time. In the Military Regulations of 1716, Peter I summed up the legislative and legal framework for intelligence work.
During the reign of Emperor Alexander I in January 1810, on the initiative of Barclay de Tolly, the Expedition of Secret Affairs under the War Ministry was created, and in January 1812 it was renamed the Special Office under the Minister of War. The special office solved the most important tasks: conducting strategic intelligence (collecting strategically important secret information abroad), operational-tactical intelligence (collecting data on enemy troops on the borders of Russia) and counterintelligence (identifying and neutralizing enemy agents). Three people close to the Minister of War in turn became the first heads of military intelligence in Russia: from September 29, 1810 - adjutant wing Colonel A. V. Voeikov, from March 19, 1812 - Colonel A. A. Zakrevsky, from January 10, 1813 - Colonel P. A. Chuikevich.
The role of military intelligence during the Great Patriotic War invaluable. In the first six months of the war alone, about 10 thousand people were thrown behind enemy lines, including a significant number of intelligence officers with radio transmitters. The military intelligence agencies created partisan detachments behind enemy lines.
The activities of Soviet intelligence during the Great Patriotic War were highly appreciated by prominent military leaders and commanders, future Marshals of the Soviet Union G. K. Zhukov, A. M. Vasilevsky, K. K. Rokossovsky, I. S. Konev, I. Kh. Bagramyan, N I. Krylov, General of the Army S. M. Shtemenko and many others.
The Great Patriotic War was a severe test for military intelligence, and it withstood it with dignity. In the course of the war, an effective system was developed for the management of intelligence during the war, the correct organizational structure of its combat organs, their reasonable and effective use in various types ensuring combat operations. Glorious combat traditions of military intelligence have developed and a large detachment of highly qualified intelligence officers has been created, who skillfully used the rich combat experience and traditions in the post-war period. These traditions have always been and are: devotion to one's Motherland and people, loyalty to the oath, courage, fortitude to the point of self-sacrifice in the performance of combat missions.
All this has already become heroic history of our people in the difficult years of the Great Patriotic War. The data obtained by military intelligence has repeatedly played a decisive role in the decision-making by the country's top leadership to ensure its security.
Soviet and then Russian military intelligence convincingly demonstrated its indispensability and effectiveness during crises in the Middle East, Afghanistan, Yugoslavia, Iraq, Chechnya and other "hot spots".
692 military intelligence officers were awarded the titles of Heroes of the Soviet Union and Heroes of the Russian Federation for courage and heroism shown in carrying out tasks to ensure the national security of the country.
Modern military intelligence
Military intelligence is a set of measures for obtaining and processing data on an active or potential enemy, his military resources, combat capabilities and vulnerabilities, as well as on the theater of operations.
Modern military intelligence is divided into tactical, strategic intelligence and counterintelligence. Tactical intelligence provides fighting troops at the tactical level, i.e., within formations, units and subunits that are in contact with the enemy. It reveals information about the enemy's combat capabilities (including his plans), his vulnerability and the area of operations (including terrain and weather conditions), which facilitates the adoption by the commander and his headquarters of optimal decisions on planning and conducting combat operations. This data is either obtained by regular forces and means, or received from a superior. Usually intelligence is obtained by polling local residents, interrogation of prisoners and defectors, interception of information transmitted by electronic means, study of documents, equipment and weapons captured from the enemy, radar, ground, aerial reconnaissance and aerial reconnaissance.
Strategic intelligence obtains and studies information about the capabilities, vulnerabilities and plans of foreign states. It is conducted in the interests of the highest bodies of state power and the military leadership, and the data it produces are used to develop a foreign policy course, plan and implement national security measures in peacetime and to conduct strategic operations in time of war. Counterintelligence includes all active and passive measures carried out government bodies in order to fight against the intelligence of other states. It ensures the security of classified information, equipment, objects and persons related to state secrets. The tasks of counterintelligence include the suppression of subversive activities carried out by both foreign powers and disloyal elements within the country and in the territories controlled by it.
Now military intelligence is part of the structure of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. Intelligence is the "eyes and ears" of the armed forces, the main means of obtaining information.
Over the years of its existence, the military intelligence service has not changed its official name and passed into the subordination of various state departments and people's commissariats.
In 1950, the GRU special forces were created.
Large emblem of the GRU General Staff of the Armed Forces of Russia
Currently, military intelligence is part of the structure of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces. Intelligence is the "eyes and ears" of the armed forces, the main means of obtaining information.
The Main Intelligence Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (GRU GSh) - the central body for managing military intelligence in the Armed Forces of Russia - solves a number of tasks of a military-political, military-technical, military and military-economic nature, has the ability to conduct space reconnaissance and has quite wide agent network on the territory of foreign countries. GRU special forces are capable of conducting special operations on enemy territory and in combat areas. The number and structure of this service are a state secret.
By the way, in the history of the Soviet Union, an important place was occupied by the activities of counterintelligence structures. So, in April 1943, the Smersh Main Directorate of Counterintelligence was organized, which was entrusted with the task of combating espionage, sabotage, and terrorist activities of foreign intelligence services, combating treason and treason in units and institutions of the Red Army, desertion and self-mutilation on the fronts. calend.ru/holidays/0/0/95/.
You crawl, scout, to glory,
You clenched your knife.
I would congratulate you now
Just fucking find you!
You are not visible in camouflage
You pretended to be a bush.
I scouted - and that's enough!
Come out, let's drink a hundred grams!
You took the "language" bravely,
Turned out to be flooded.
So, scout, will be with everyone,
Who will go to war with us!
©http://pozdravkin.com/den-razvedchika-3
The holiday is the day of intelligence, or military intelligence in Russia is celebrated November 5th . In 2000, the Order of the Minister of Defense approved the official celebration for the military, and at the all-Russian level in 2006, by the Decree of the President. All events are held in professional circles, which include employees of the Main Intelligence Directorate, GRU for short, former military personnel, teachers and specialized students at the Ministry of Defense. By tradition, when this holiday is celebrated, worthy employees are promoted, those who distinguished themselves in service are awarded with medals, orders, souvenirs and memorable gifts.
Day of the military intelligence officer in Russia in 2016, what date
The decision when exactly to celebrate the day of military intelligence is justified, and the date for the celebration in the Russian Federation is set for November 5 according to historical fact. By order of the Revolutionary Military Council, this number in 1918 approved the Registration Directorate, which became part of the Red Army Field Headquarters and coordinated intelligence work. It served as a model for the current Main Intelligence Directorate.
The profession itself, according to history, is one of the oldest and has deep roots. In Russia, intelligence was used to find out the state of the military forces of nearby states. In the second half of the 17th century, there was an "Order of Secret Affairs". Peter the Great laid the legal foundations for such service, enshrining it in the Military Regulations in 1716. During the reign of Alexander I, the "Special Office" worked, which included counterintelligence work - finding, neutralizing enemy agents, strategy - collecting data about the enemy abroad and tactics - obtaining information on the border.
At present, the GRU is a military intelligence center, whose activities are carried out even in peacetime, and are also classified as "Secret". The work of the GRU includes tasks to ascertain the military-technical potential of other states and the implementation of work on space security.
“Not a profession, but a vocation,” is what they usually say about military intelligence officers. In addition to special skills, impeccable training, this difficult work requires strong moral qualities: courage, fortitude, self-sacrifice, devotion and valor.
On a festive date, they traditionally “wash the stars” in connection with promotions, enter information about merits in personal files, and present diplomas, orders and medals. A wish for a peaceful sky above your head is one of the classic toasts on professional holiday. The celebration after the official part is held among relatives and friends.
Scout Day in Russia, on the basis of the order of the Minister of Defense, has been officially celebrated since 2000. The President of the Russian Federation has fixed this holiday in the list anniversaries in 2006, which confirmed the relevance of the intelligence profession. In this article we will try to answer the question of what date is Scout Day in our country, highlight facts from the history of the holiday and the profession.
Facts from the history of the date of celebration
The Day of the military intelligence officer in Russia is celebrated on November 5 for a reason. On this November day in 1918, on the basis of Trotsky's order, a special department called Register, coordinating the work of army intelligence, began to function in Petrograd. From that day on, military intelligence became a separate division of the Red Army. Under tsarist rule in Russia, reconnaissance units also existed, but they were components of other units.
In 1918, courses were created in Moscow to train professional scouts. They were trained in 13 main disciplines: geography, tactics, topography and others. Later, foreign languages were introduced into the courses.
Register became the prototype of the current Main Intelligence Directorate.
The oldest profession
Intelligence has been a matter of special importance since the times of Kievan Rus. The first bodies conducting intelligence work appeared in our country in the 16th century. The role of Russian intelligence increased along with the strengthening of Russia's position in international affairs.
In 1654, the Order of Secret Affairs was created in the country, which was assigned the role of coordinator of the work of Russian intelligence. Later, Peter the Great, in his decree, laid the foundation for the legislative and legal framework for the actions of intelligence officers.
Since 1812, control over the work of Russian intelligence was carried out by the Special Office. She was engaged in solving important tasks: she collected the most important information, identified and destroyed enemy agents.
The important role of intelligence during the Great Patriotic War
Military intelligence made an invaluable contribution to the victory of the Russian people in the war against the Nazis. Only in the first six months after the start of this bloody war, about 10,000 Soviet intelligence officers worked in the rear of the Germans. Many of them were equipped with walkie-talkies and were able to transmit the information received. Scouts promoted education partisan movement behind the lines of the invaders.
During the war years, the Smersh counterintelligence department was formed, whose duties included an uncompromising fight against saboteurs and spies of hostile states, as well as against traitors and deserters in the Red Army. Employees of this department revealed a large number of enemy agents, preventing the insidious plans of the enemy.
During this difficult time, the foundations of the traditions of Russian military intelligence were laid, and a large number of qualified intelligence officers were formed who skillfully applied their experience in practice in the post-war years.
On the Day of the military intelligence officer in our country, the memory of the heroes - intelligence officers who gave their lives for their people is honored.
Scout Qualities
A scout is a unique profession, and in order to master it to perfection, you must have a number of specific qualities, backed up by knowledge, experience and devotion to your country.
Military Intelligence Day in Russia is a holiday of selfless, seasoned, competent and strong people. They often risk their lives, standing guard over the security of the population of Russia.
Without intelligence, the functioning of the state is currently difficult to imagine. As long as there are organizations that pose a threat to our country, the relevance intelligence service will only increase.
Military intelligence today
Intelligence functions have remained unchanged in our time. It refers to state structures that have not been significantly affected by the changes that affected other areas after 1991. Scouts continue to obtain military-economic, political and other important information, doing their work in the rear of a possible enemy. In some cases, they are at the forefront of military conflicts.
The names and tasks of military intelligence officers (November 5 - Intelligence Day in Russia) are kept in strict confidence. There are severe criminal penalties for disclosing this information.
One of the main units of military intelligence in our country is counterintelligence, which suppresses the work of intelligence agencies of other states on the territory of the Russian Federation. Employees of this unit also accept sincere congratulations on the day of the scout on November 5th.
Holiday traditions
Scout Day is not officially celebrated by all representatives of this profession. After all, many intelligence officers work obliges to hide their activities and maintain secrecy. They do not seek to draw attention to their own person, sometimes even relatives do not know about the nature of their activities.
Intelligence Day is also a professional day for our compatriots who conduct intelligence work in other countries and live away from home country. AT ordinary life these people are absolutely not like scouts.
Congratulations on the Day of the Scout on November 5 are accepted by all who serve in the GRU: soldiers, officers and the leadership of the General Staff. Cadets and teaching staff of specialized educational institutions. On this day, in a solemn atmosphere, the command staff rewards the military who tied their fate with intelligence, letters, medals and gifts, assigns them new ranks.
According to tradition, on Scout's Day, peculiar rites of washing insignia are held, which will be deservedly placed on the shoulder straps of the military. They are placed in a glass of champagne and drink an invigorating drink to the bottom.
Scout Day is celebrated by former military men who are on a well-deserved rest, their relatives and friends.
Intelligence is the main means of obtaining information for the armed forces of the Russian Federation.
It makes it possible to prevent hostilities, and, if necessary, to meet the enemy in full combat readiness.