Maritime Strategy Russian Institute for Strategic Studies. On approval of the charter of the federal state scientific budgetary institution "Russian Institute for Strategic Studies"
- 1812. "The liberation of Russia from the invasion of the enemy": the lessons of history and the challenges of our time.[Djv-3.8M] Collection of reports. Edited by M.B. Smolina, D.A. Maltsev.
(Moscow: RISI, 2013. - Russian Institute for Strategic Studies)
Scan, OCR, processing, format Djv: Legion, 2015 - CONTENT:
Editorial (5).
Multatuli P.V. The false myth of the "preventive war" of 1812 (7).
Rachinsky A.V. The failed coronation of Napoleon (20).
Maltsev D.A. The problem of Russian readiness imperial army to war in the writings of historians and in reality (25).
Vyskochkov L.V. The peoples of Russia in the Patriotic War of 1812 (34).
Zemtsov V.N. Panorama F.A. Roubaud "Battle of Borodino": the story of one national myth (53).
Troshin N.N. The Continental System: History and Modernity (71).
Ablova N.E. The Patriotic War of 1812 in modern Belarusian historiography and educational literature (84).
Sytin A.N. 1812 - the apogee of the power of the Russian Empire (100).
Ilyashevich V.N. The Patriotic War of 1812: the northern direction and the Baltics (111).
Ochirov U.B. Irregular regiments of the Russian army in the war of 1812-1814: features of the study and "blank spots" (on the example of the Kalmyk regiments) (136).
Rakhimov R.N. National cavalry in the Patriotic War of 1812 (158).
Potrashkov S.V. The Patriotic War of 1812: the historical memory of Ukrainians and modern Ukrainian historiography (166).
Stolyar V.P., Ovchinnikova M.B. Moscow hospital during Patriotic War 1812 (177).
Soldatov A.A. The lessons of Berezina: the results and significance of the Patriotic War of 1812 through the eyes of modern French society (191).
Borodin I.V. The image of Russia in the era of the Napoleonic wars and its role in the liberation of Europe in modern Serbian and Croatian historiography (207).
Nemensky O.B. Western Russia and the Russian-Polish conflict in the Patriotic War of 1812 (218).
Ermakov A.V. Patriotic War of 1812 and the Formation of a New Ideology Russian education (225).
Publisher's note: The proposed publication includes reports and presentations by leading experts of RISS, scientists and researchers from Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Estonia and France, made at the international scientific conference “1812. "Liberation of Russia from the Invasion of the Enemy": Lessons of History and Challenges of the Present", dedicated to the 200th anniversary of victory in the Patriotic War. The reports analyze the role of the Patriotic War of 1812 in the history Russian state and nations. The problems of covering the events of that time in modern foreign and Russian historiography, the main interpretations and falsifications of the history of the Napoleonic wars, which pose a threat to national security, as well as the significance of the Patriotic War of 1812 as a resource for patriotic education youth and strengthening national unity.
Russian Institute for Strategic Studies (RISI) |
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Forms and directions of activity
ManagementRISS Deputy Directors - T. S. Guzenkova, I. V. Prokofiev, A. V. Glazova, M. B. Smolin, G. G. Tishchenko. Deputy Director of RISS Dr. historical sciences T. S. Guzenkova, Deputy Head of the Center for Research on the Problems of the Near Abroad of the RISS, Doctor of Historical Sciences, specialist in the history of the southern and western Slavs O. V. Petrovskaya and Head of the Department of Demography, Migration and Ethno-Religious Problems of the RISS, Candidate of Sociological Sciences I. I. Beloborodov in in their report to the Moscow City Duma, they called statements about the AIDS epidemic (which, in particular, was stated by the head federal center on the fight against AIDS Vadim Pokrovsky) is part of the information war of the West against Russia (“the problem of HIV/AIDS is used as an element of the information war against Russia”). It was pointed out that the existence of two models of the fight against HIV: Western (includes "neoliberal ideological content, insensitivity to national characteristics and absolutization of the rights of risk groups - drug addicts, LGBT") and Moscow ("takes into account cultural, historical and psychological features of the Russian population, is based on a conservative ideology and traditional values”). It was noted that the world community offers Russia to apply the first approach in the fight against the disease and thereby turns the topic of the epidemic “into a political problem of confronting Russia as a country that allows itself to conduct an independent external and internal politics». . Write a review on the article "Russian Institute for Strategic Studies"NotesLinkssee alsoAn excerpt characterizing the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies"Vasily Dmitritch, I'm so sorry for you!... No, but you're so nice... but don't... it's... but I'll always love you like that."Denisov bent over her hand, and she heard strange sounds, incomprehensible to her. She kissed him on his black, matted, curly head. At that moment, the hasty noise of the countess's dress was heard. She approached them. “Vasily Dmitritch, I thank you for the honor,” said the countess in an embarrassed voice, but which seemed strict to Denisov, “but my daughter is so young, and I thought that you, as a friend of my son, would first turn to me. In that case, you would not put me in the need for a refusal. “Mr. Athena,” Denisov said with downcast eyes and a guilty look, he wanted to say something else and stumbled. Natasha could not calmly see him so miserable. She began to sob loudly. “Mr. Athena, I am guilty before you,” Denisov continued in a broken voice, “but know that I idolize your daughter and your entire family so much that I will give two lives ...” He looked at the countess and, noticing her stern face ... “Well, goodbye, Mrs. Athena,” he said, kissed her hand and, without looking at Natasha, left the room with quick, decisive steps. The next day, Rostov saw off Denisov, who did not want to stay in Moscow for another day. Denisov was seen off at the gypsies by all his Moscow friends, and he did not remember how he was put into the sledge and how the first three stations were taken. After his explanation with his wife, Pierre went to Petersburg. There were no horses at the station in Torzhok, or the caretaker did not want them. Pierre had to wait. Without undressing, he lay down on a leather sofa in front of a round table, put his big feet in warm boots on this table and thought. |
Russian Institute for Strategic Studies (RISS) |
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original name | Federal State Scientific Budgetary Institution "Russian Institute for Strategic Studies" |
international title | Russia's Institute for Strategic Studies |
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Director | Mikhail Fradkov(since January 4, 2017) |
Location | Russia Russia , Moscow |
Legal address | 125413, Moscow, Fleet street, building 15B |
Website | www.riss.ru |
Story
The institute was transformed in accordance with the decree President Boris Yeltsin dated February 29, 1992 No. 202 "On the formation of the Russian Institute for Strategic Studies" from the former Research Institute of Intelligence Problems First Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR as a think tank Russian Foreign Intelligence Services. AT 2009 the institute was reorganized and reassigned Administration of the President of Russia. Work at the Institute is a state civil service. 11 doctors of sciences and 45 candidates of sciences work at the Institute.
Activity
Management
Directors:
The problem of HIV/AIDS
Employees of the Institute Oksana Petrovskaya and Igor Beloborodov in the report Moscow City Duma in May 2016 called statements about the epidemic AIDS in Russia (which, in particular, was stated by the head of the Federal AIDS Center Vadim Pokrovsky) part information war West against Russia. They pointed to the existence of two models of the fight against HIV: Western (includes "neoliberal ideological content, insensitivity to national characteristics and absolutization of the rights of risk groups - drug addicts, LGBT”) and Moscow (“takes into account the cultural, historical and psychological characteristics of the Russian population, relies on conservative ideology and traditional values”). It was noted that Russia is offered to apply the first approach in the fight against the disease and thereby turn the topic of the epidemic "into a political problem of confronting Russia as a country that allows itself to pursue an independent foreign and domestic policy" .
RISS and the 2016 US presidential election
BBC Russian Service pointed out that journalists news agency Reuters Ned Parker, Jonathan Landy, and John Valcott, "quoting four former US administration officials," reported that RISS, on behalf of the Russian President Vladimir Putin was developing a plan for "Russian intervention (English) Russian in 2016 US presidential election", whose goal was to make an impact "with the support of the giants of foreign broadcasting
On the northern outskirts of Moscow, under the reliable protection of the fighters of the Moscow Region, the former secret institute of the Foreign Intelligence Service lurked. Now on the pediment of the visor there are golden letters - Russian Institute for Strategic Studies. But the peaceful name of the initiates does not bother - more than two hundred employees are forging here the analytical shield of the motherland.
Will it new war in the southeast of Ukraine? Who is behind the President of the United States? Why can many of our officials be called ideological agents of influence? These and other questions, habitually weighing every word, are answered by the director of the RISS, Lieutenant General of the SVR Leonid RESHETNIKOV.
Interview from early 2015.
● Rivals on the same field ●
You had a serious "roof" - SVR. Why suddenly declassified?
Today, our founder is the President of Russia, and all state assignments for research are signed by the head of administration, Sergei Ivanov.
How in demand is your analytics? And then we are a paper country, everyone writes, writes, but is there an impact on the final result?
Sometimes we see actions that echo our policy briefs. Sometimes it’s amazing that you come up with certain ideas, and this becomes a trend in Russian public opinion. It can be seen that many directions are simply in the air.
In the US, the think tank Stratfor and the strategic research center RAND Corporation are doing something similar. Which one of you is "cooler"?
When we, after moving to the AP in April 2009, made a new charter for the institute, we were told as a wish that we should take an example from them. I then thought: “If you finance us, as Stratfor or RAND Corporation are financed, then we will outdo all these foreign analytical companies.” After all, Russian analysts are the strongest in the world. Especially regional specialists who have more "fresh", open-minded brains. I can speak about this with confidence, after all, 33 years of analytical work, first in the First Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR, and then in the Foreign Intelligence Service.
● NGO, NGO - where did you lead us ●
As you know, the RAND Corporation was developing a plan for the ATO in the south-east of the country for Ukraine. Did your institute provide information on Ukraine, in particular on Crimea?
Of course. In principle, only two institutes worked in Ukraine: RISS and the Konstantin Zatulin Institute of CIS Countries. From the very beginning of our activity, we wrote analytical notes on the growth of anti-Russian sentiment in mainland Ukraine and the strengthening of pro-Russian sentiment in Crimea. Analyzed the activities of the Ukrainian authorities. But they did not give alarmist information - everything was gone, but rather increased attention to the growing problem.
They proposed to significantly strengthen the work of pro-Russian non-governmental organizations (NGOs), to strengthen, as they say now, the pressure of the “soft power” policy.
With an ambassador like Zurabov, no enemies are needed!
The work of any embassy and ambassador is constrained by many restrictions. Step left, step right - a scandal. Plus, the country generally has trouble with professional personnel. And not only in the diplomatic field. Somehow we were exhausted - there are very few strong people with a core left in the civil service.
The role of NGOs is difficult to overestimate. A striking example- color revolutions, which are warmed up by foreign, primarily American, non-governmental organizations. So it was in Ukraine. Unfortunately, no attention was actually paid to the creation and support of such organizations that would act in our interests. And if they worked, they would replace ten embassies and even ten very smart ambassadors. Now the situation has begun to change after a direct order from the President. God forbid that subordinates do not blur this development.
● If tomorrow is a war, if tomorrow is a hike ●
How, in your opinion, will events develop in Novorossiya in the spring and summer? Will there be a new military campaign?
Alas, the likelihood is very high. A year ago, the idea of federalization of Ukraine worked. But now Kyiv only needs war. Only a unitary state. For several reasons. The main thing is that ideologically anti-Russian people have stood at the head of the country, who are not just subordinate to Washington, but are literally supported by those forces that are hiding behind the US government.
And what does this notorious "world government" need?
It’s easier to say what they don’t need: they don’t need a federal Ukraine, it will be a poorly controlled territory. It is impossible to place our military bases, a new echelon of missile defense on it. And there are such plans. From Lugansk or Kharkov, tactical cruise missiles reach the Trans-Urals, where our main nuclear deterrence forces are located. And with 100% probability they will be able to hit ballistic missiles mine and mobile-based on the take-off trajectory. Now this region is not accessible to them either from Poland, or from Turkey, or from Southeast Asia. Here the main objective. Therefore, the United States will fight for the Donbass to the last Ukrainian.
That is, it's not about the shale gas deposits that were found in this territory?
The main strategic task is a unitary Ukraine under their full control to fight against Russia. And shale gas or arable land is just a nice bonus. Associated gain. Plus, a serious blow to our defense industry due to the rupture of ties between the defense industry of Ukraine and Russia. It's already been done.
We were outplayed: “son of a bitch” Yanukovych had to be evacuated with the help of special forces, and Washington put in its “son of a bitch”?
From a military-strategic point of view, of course, they outplayed it. Russia has "compensation" - Crimea. There is "compensation" - the resistance of the inhabitants of the south-east of Ukraine. But the enemy had already received a huge territory, which was part of Soviet Union and the Russian Empire.
What will we see in Ukraine this year?
The process of half-life or even complete decay. Many have so far simply calmed down in the face of real Nazism. But people who understand that Ukraine and Russia are firmly connected have not yet said their word. Neither in Odessa, nor in Kharkov, nor in Zaporozhye, nor in Chernigov. Silence is not forever. And the lid of the boiler will inevitably break.
And how will relations between Novorossia and the rest of Ukraine develop?
There is an unlikely scenario for Transnistria. But I do not believe in him - the territory of the DPR and LPR is much larger, millions of people have already become involved in this war. So far, Russia can still persuade the leaders of the militia to a temporary respite and a truce. But it is on the "temporary". There is no talk of any entry of Novorossia into Ukraine. The people of the southeast do not want to be Ukrainians.
If our country has already fallen into global isolation due to the annexation of Crimea, then why not go for broke in the southeast? How hypocritical can you be?
All-in, in my opinion, go early. We underestimate the awareness of our president, who knows that some processes are going on in Europe that are closed from prying eyes. They give hope that for the time being we can defend our interests by other methods and means.
● Front without front line ●
In the information flow related to Ukraine, we forget about the explosive growth of religious extremism in Central Asia…
This is an extremely dangerous trend for our country. The situation in Tajikistan is very difficult. The situation in Kyrgyzstan is unstable. But the direction of the first strike could be Turkmenistan, as AN wrote. We somehow forget about it a little, due to the fact that Ashgabat keeps to itself. But this "mansion" may collapse first. Are they strong enough to fight back on their own? Or we will have to intervene in a country that keeps a fairly distant distance from us. So the direction is hard.
And not only in connection with the penetration of the Islamic State militants into the region. According to the latest data, the US and NATO are not going to leave Afghanistan, but keep their bases there. From a military point of view, the five or ten thousand soldiers that remain can be deployed in a 50-100 thousand group within a month.
This is the part general plan encirclement and pressure on Russia, which is carried out by the hands of the United States in order to overthrow President Vladimir Putin and split the country. The average layman may, of course, not believe this, but people who have a large amount of information know this very well.
What are the boundaries of the split?
At first, it is planned to simply chip off what is “badly lying”. It doesn't matter what breaks away: Kaliningrad, North Caucasus or Far East. This will be the detonator of the process, which can go on increasing. This idea is not propaganda, but real. Such pressure from the west (Ukraine) and south ( middle Asia) will only increase. They are trying to seep through the western gate, but they are also trying out the strength of the southern one.
Where is the most dangerous strategic direction for us?
The south direction is very dangerous. But there are still buffer states - the former Central Asian Soviet republics. And in the west, the war is already on the border. In fact, on our territory.
Now there is a slaughter not of Ukrainians and Russians, but a war of world systems. Some believe that they are "tse Europe", while others - Russia. After all, our country is not just a territory, it is a separate huge civilization that has brought its own view of the world order to the whole world. First of all, of course, Russian empire as an example of Eastern Orthodox civilization. The Bolsheviks destroyed it, but gave out a new civilizational idea. Now we are close to the third one. And within 5-6 years we will see it.
What will she be like?
I think it will be a good symbiosis of the previous ones. And our “sworn colleagues” understand this very well. Therefore, the attack began from all sides.
That is, the joint Russian-American fight against terrorism, in particular, against ISIS, is a fiction?
Of course. America creates, feeds, trains terrorists, then commands the whole pack: “face”. Maybe one "mad dog" from this pack will be helped to shoot, but the rest will be set on even more actively.
● Satan rules the ball there ●
Leonid Petrovich, you think that the United States and American presidents are just a tool. Who makes the policy then?
There are communities of some people practically unknown to society who not only appoint American presidents, but determine the rules for the entire "Great Game". These are, in particular, transnational financial corporations. But not only them.
Now the financial and economic system of the world is being reformatted. There is an attempt to rethink the entire structure of capitalism without abandoning it. Dramatically changing foreign policy. The US suddenly abandoned Israel, its main ally in the Middle East, in order to improve relations with Iran. Why is Tehran more needed and more important than Tel Aviv? Because it is included in the encirclement belt of Russia. These secret forces set the task of eliminating our country as a serious player on the world stage. After all, Russia is a civilizational alternative to the entire united West.
Moreover, there is an explosive growth of anti-American sentiments in the world. Hungary, where the conservative right-wing forces are in power, and the leftists of Greece - diametrically opposed forces - actually united and "bucked up" against the US dictates on the Old Continent. There is someone to “buck up” in Italy, Austria, France and so on. If Russia now endures, then processes will begin in Europe that are unfavorable to the forces claiming world domination. And they understand this very well.
Some European leaders are already crying that the US has literally imposed sanctions on them. Europe can escape from the "friendly" American embrace?
Never. America keeps it firmly on several chains: the Fed's printing press, the threat of color revolutions and the physical removal of objectionable politicians.
As for the physical elimination of the stick do not go too far?
Not at all. Central intelligence agency The United States is not intelligence even in terms of the level of tasks facing it. PGU KGB or SVR RF - classic intelligence: collecting information and reporting to the country's leadership. At the CIA, these traditional signs of intelligence are at the bottom of the list of tasks. The main ones are the elimination, including the physical one, of political figures and the organization of coups. And they do it in real time.
After the sinking of the Kursk submarine, CIA director George Tenet flew to us from Romania. I was instructed to meet him at the airport. Tenet did not leave the plane for a long time, but the ramp was open, and it was possible to look inside his Hercules. It was a flying command post, a computer operations center full of hardware and communications systems that could monitor and simulate the situation around the world. Accompanying delegation - twenty people. We have flown and fly on regular flights with 2-5 people. As they say, feel the difference.
By the way, about intelligence. They again began to talk about the idea of restoring a single Russian intelligence service by merging the SVR and the FSB. Your attitude?
Extremely negative. If we combine two special services - foreign intelligence and counterintelligence, then we will create one of the two sources of information for the country's top leadership. Then the person who sits on this "spring of information" becomes a monopolist. And she can be manipulated to achieve some goal. In the KGB of the USSR, such manipulations with information were noticeable even to Captain Reshetnikov. It is advantageous for a president, tsar, or prime minister - whatever you call the highest official - to have several independent intelligence sources. Otherwise, he becomes a hostage to a specific head of the structure or the structure itself. It is very dangerous.
● Where are the landings? ●
Let's move on from the global conspiracy "to our sheep." How to distinguish an official who does not know what he is doing, from an agent of influence who does it consciously?
There are not so many real agents of influence of a serious level in the world as it is commonly believed. Acceptance or non-acceptance of serious strategic decisions not in the interests of their country, it is mainly initiated by, let's say, ideological agents. These are our officials who ended up in a domestic high-ranking chair, but their souls are in the West. They do not need to be recruited or ordered. For these people, everything that is done “there” is the highest achievements of civilization. And what is here - unwashed Russia". They do not associate the future of their children with the country, who are sent to study abroad. And this is a more serious indicator than accounts in Western banks. Such "comrades" do not like Russia from the bottom of their hearts, the "development" of which they direct.
How exactly did you paint a portrait of some of our ministers. How will we get through 2015?
The year, with or without them, will be hard. Most likely, the next one will not be easier. But then the confident march of the new Russia will begin.