Skhodnensky bucket is an anomalous zone. Skhodnenskaya bowl
Only own photographs were used - date of shooting 15.06.2013
Address: Moscow, Svetlogorsky pr., Skhodnenskaya metro station.
How to get there: from Skhodnenskaya metro station 1.7 km, Avt. 43,212,267, march. "Jan Rainis Boulevard, 20"
Near the estate of Bratsevo and the now demolished village of Petrovo, in the bend of the Skhodnya, there is a natural monument, the so-called " Skhodnensky bucket”(otherwise“ Skhodnenskaya bowl ”) - a giant depression of unclear origin, 40 m deep. The bowl has an ideal round shape, and is itself filled with swampy soils.
The Skhodnya valley immediately south of Bratsevo has been quite densely populated since ancient times, as evidenced by the Finno-Ugric settlements of the early Iron Age (Dyakovo culture, turn of the AD): Tushino at the Skhodnenskaya bowl and two Spas-Tushinsky behind the Spas.
The Skhodnenskaya (Tushino) bowl (ladle) is a natural monument, part of the Tushinsky Natural Park in Moscow. The bowl is an amphitheater with landslide relief around the swampy floodplain of the Skhodnya River.
WITH three sides The "bowl" is limited by high steep banks, in the southern part there is a loop of the Skhodnya river bed. The diameter of the "Bowl" along the edge of the slopes is up to 1 km, the depth is about 40 m, the area is about 75 hectares.
The bowl was formed in the post-glacial period, when the more full-flowing river Skhodnya flowed at the current upper edge of the cliff. Over time, the riverbed deepened, retreating southward under the pressure of bedrock, until the somewhat shallowed river was at the bottom of the gully.
In the floodplain, a vast sedge-cattail bog has been preserved. At the end of the XX century. on the territory of the bowl it was possible to meet the following species of animals listed in the Red Book of Moscow: moored frog, common newt, viviparous lizard, common snake, weasel, hare; birds - snipe, moorhen, meadow pipit. In 2004, hares and weasels could no longer be found.
View from the Petrovka mountain to the Skhodnenskaya bowl |
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Swamp at the bottom of the Skhodnenskaya bowl |
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Dear members of the Hamster!
Each of you knows about a very interesting and unique corner of nature in Tushino, and maybe even in Moscow - the Skhodnensky bucket. Some call it the Skhodnenskaya (Tushino) bowl or the Skhodnenskaya floodplain. This natural object received such a name in connection with its relief form, which is directly opposite to the mountain one, namely, depressions, i.e. depressions towards the center and elevations along the edges. Moreover, the Bucket is quite deep - it goes down almost 40 meters. A lot of interesting facts it is described in the corresponding topic. I learned some of them from personal observations, others here on Khomyak, and some more from my grandmother's stories or from old photographs at Oldmos. Since 1991 Kovsh has been a specially protected natural area, and since 1998 it has been a natural monument and part of the Tushinsky natural and historical park.
The bucket is located in the South Tushino region, extending from north to south from the site of the former village of Petrovo to the former Knitting Factory, and from west to east - from Svetlogorsky passage to Donelaitis passage. In the southern part of the Kovsh there is the bed of the Skhodnya River, which makes a sharp turn there, on the map - as if in the shape of a horseshoe or a bagel.
According to Wikipedia, "the bowl was formed in the post-glacial period, when the more full-flowing Skhodnya flowed at the current upper edge of the cliff. Over time, the riverbed deepened, retreating southward under the pressure of bedrock, until the somewhat shallow river was at the bottom of the gulley."
In this article, I would like to talk about how the Bucket looks like in winter. Like any other time of the year, it is beautiful and you can admire it endlessly. I don't know of such another unusual place. So I decided to take a walk recently, on December 18, along the slopes of the Skhodnensky bucket and admire its beauty and wide expanses. My route ran from the observation deck at Svetlogorsky passage to the former Tushino knitting factory.
Thus, I went from the place where the routes along the Bucket usually begin, approximately opposite the school 821 and former First working town, near the house 47 on Jan Rainis boulevard. From this point, beautiful views of the Kovsh open up and it is often photographed from there. Once upon a time, in the 1980s, there was a ski resort near that place. ski lift, according to eyewitnesses, related to the Omega ski club, there was a corresponding sign. The lift was collapsible and stood all winter. I can’t say for sure whether beginners trained there or only professionals skated. Rather the second, since the slope in the northwestern part is quite steep. The remains of the booth have not been preserved, since this place turned out to be under the asphalt during the expansion of Svetlogorsky passage.
In addition, from that place in the 1970-80s. hang gliders started, again professionals who could catch the direction of the wind and, without a takeoff run, flew up with the help of a dynamic flow.
Now I present to you the beautiful and breathtaking winter views of the snowy Bucket from the observation deck:
As you can see, in recent decades, the Bucket has been gradually overgrown with trees, primarily American maple. But this does not diminish its natural beauty, its saturation with vegetation also has its own unique look. Previously, Kovsh was more "bald", almost without trees and shrubs, and in the 1990s. in times of crisis, vegetable gardens were often planted on the slopes of the Kovsh - they planted potatoes and other vegetables. The most persistent kept vegetable gardens until the early 2000s.
What beautiful views open up to our native Skhodnensky bucket from the northwestern slope!
In the background of the photograph, residential areas along the Donelaitis passage on the opposite slope are visible, on the right - house 14 Donelaitisa street near the Knitting Factory. In the center you can see the pipes of the district heating station "Tushino-4" along Fabricius, even further - high-rise buildings along Lodochnaya. If you look to the right, you can see the skyscrapers on Shchukinskaya and behind them - the Triumph Palace. In good clear weather, you can also see Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov.
I also photographed the northern slope of the Bucket. It is also steep, but not to the same extent as the northwestern one. It still needs to be passed. In the background you can see the quarters along Jan Rainis (3rd microdistrict of the Skhodnenskaya floodplain, former village Petrovo) and according to Donelaitis:
Then I went towards the former village of Petrovo and approximately along Jan Rainis boulevard. A splendid panorama of this natural monument stretched out before me, the western slope of the Kovsh appeared on the right in the photo. It is the steepest, almost steep, and at the same time the most overgrown. Even earlier, in the 1980s - 90s, there was always vegetation on it, unlike other slopes in the 1980s. To the right of it passes Svetlogorsky passage - a highway, so you won’t take a walk there and practically won’t see the Bucket because of the abundant vegetation.
The view in the background of the photo appears to have changed as well. Now house 14 on Donelaitis is in the center, and to the right of it you can see the yellow (new) and red (old) building of the hostels of the Knitting Factory, to the right of them the yellow building behind the trees is the factory itself. In the very right part of the photo you can see the tall tax building in Tushino, a little to the left - the Olympia residential complex in Strogino, even more to the left and completely in the background - the Continental residential complex skyscraper in Khoroshevo-Mnevniki. If I'm not mistaken, in the center in the very background you can see the radio and television mast of the Oktyabrsky Radio Center (OKTOD). Here, it turns out, how many interesting things can be seen from the Bucket, in addition to the Bucket itself! real Observation deck, as if "Tushino Sparrow Hills"!
And I went further and continued to photograph, and now we see a perspective similar to the first photo, only the houses have become a little closer. The tree in the foreground (I think it's ash) adds sophistication to the photo. In the Kovsh itself, we see places that are not yet so overgrown and remind us of the 80s, and our native Russian birches:
Now - a view of the Knitting Factory and the tax office, and in the foreground there are also trees. In the right part of the photo, behind a tree, residential quarters of the 3rd microdistrict of the Skhodnenskaya floodplain, built in the early 1990s, appear:
And now we can see not only the 3rd microdistrict, but also the 4th microdistrict of the Skhodnenskaya floodplain with new skyscrapers, i.e. the former First Workers' Town, more than half of whose houses were demolished in the late 1990s. It is also clearly seen here that West Side The bucket is the most overgrown, and on the right side of the photo a more “bald” slope is drawn, possibly left over from the ski slope near the former Omega ski lift:
After that, if we look at the map, we find ourselves in a small "bay" of the Bucket, namely, in the place where we used to often like to ride on a sled, especially longitudinal ones. In the 1970s - early 1980s, when there was still the village of Petrovo, the hill on this slope, on which the lugers gathered, was popularly called "Petrovka". In other words, this is the northern slope of the Bucket. It was he who was the most popular, and not only among lugers, but also among hang gliders. There were so many people on it that it was easy to bump into each other. The last one on this slope was also the most convenient, since it is not very steep and it was possible to take a run on it, so that later it could fly up, catching a southerly wind. Oldmos has many old photographs of lugers and hang gliders congregating on the northern slope. A little to the west of the northern slope, approximately in the area of \u200b\u200bhouse 43 on Jan Rainis, there was another ski lift - Hydroproject, but much less information about it has been preserved. Unlike "Omega", he worked mainly only on weekends, and the cable was pulled to him every time, and each time they were removed, they carried a yoke with them. The lift worked from 1978 to about 1983, until the demolition of the village of Petrovo.
This slope has not been overgrown with vegetation even now, at least part of it is closer to the edge of the Bucket, and the kids still ride there, now not only on sleds, but also on ice rinks, snow scooters and tubing. Despite the fact that in the center there is a sign "Skating is prohibited." Everyone follows traditions. And I remember that I rode small hills when I was little, but I was afraid to go further into the depths - so as not to fall. And then, in the 90s, the Bucket was not yet so overgrown. It can be seen that the slope is now "empty", only a lone tree stands in the middle:
In the place where the children now ride, at the peak of the popularity of "Petrovka", lugers had an ice slide, in the people of "Bobslake", quite dangerous. People who had already gained a fair amount of experience in sledding from the Petrovka were moving down this hill and flying at full speed down into a liquid, viscous dirty swamp in the depths of the Bucket, and already in front of it, in order not to get into it, they tried to slow down. Now you can see that the children are rolling down to the place on the northern slope where the first vegetation begins:
It can be seen that the former "Petrovka" is still popular among the people, although not as much as before:
If you turn in the direction of the Bucket itself, you can see that a little to the right after the "bald spot" the Bucket breaks off, and there is already vegetation below. The same perspective is visible in the background - Knitwear and the 3rd microdistrict of the Skhodnenskaya floodplain:
And we move on along the former village of Petrovo. And now we pass on the edge of the northeastern slope, steeper and overgrown with vegetation than the northern one. Earlier, in the 1970s and 80s, some trees also grew on it, in contrast to the northern slope. And, besides, this slope was not knurled, there were very rare cases when someone skated from it. There were also accidents. At the same time, this slope is not as overgrown as the western one, and from it you can still see the prospect of the Skhodnensky bucket. Unlike the western slope, trees grow only in the depths, and there are no trees on the surface:
Now in the background in the center was the tax office, on the left - the Knitting Factory and South part Donelaitis, and on the right - the 3rd microdistrict of the Skhodnenskaya floodplain.
We turn back a little and now we see the same northern slope, popular with lugers. Obviously, this place immediately stands out among the Skhodnensky bucket with a pronounced slide for skiing:
We go further and slowly approach the residential quarters of the Donelaitis passage, i.e. to the eastern part of the Bucket. It is arranged differently, unlike the northern one: there the slope is even less steep, but there is a lot of vegetation. The bucket there has a not too high mountain, while it is very elongated in horizontal relief. There are a lot of trees in the foreground, and in the background on the right now there is a house 47 on Rainis, where we started our walk:
But we go even further, we go out onto the sidewalk at the very roadway of Donelaitis, and the houses are all moving away from us. It can be seen that in this place the Bucket no longer descends so much, so it can not be seen so well, but the views are still very beautiful. Somewhere "lost" strongly leaning tree. Once upon a time there was an old dump of rusty things and a useless trolleybus was lying there, later lowered from the slope to the Skhodnya River. The slope, however, is even more gentle here:
Now we come to the south-eastern part of the Bucket, to the area of house 14 on Donelaitis. The slope is almost gone, the relief is almost flat, but in the background there is now a good view of the quarters along Jan Rainis at the site of the former village of Petrovo and the northern slope. It can be seen here that in the central part of the Kovsh there is especially a lot of vegetation:
It can be seen that the first houses are already far away, but it seemed to me that when I shot from the northern slope, house 14 seemed to be even further away. An interesting sensation, an optical illusion...
And now we have almost come to the Knitting Factory. We go down from the Donelaitis passage along a small path down to the passage between the hostel and the factory itself, then we get to the pedestrian bridge over the Skhodnya River. It always seemed to me that this place has some kind of its own atmosphere, as if Soviet, and that you feel there not at all in Moscow, but as if in a small town near Moscow or even far away in the provinces. Now, unfortunately, the factory is no longer working (already since 2004), the premises in it are leased for offices. But walking there is still nice, as if you remember your childhood. We can see the pipeline across the Skhodnya, sometimes used as a footbridge. However, there used to be a footbridge there. And even further - the dam across the Skhodnya. On the left - the yellow building of the former factory, which was built before the revolution, in 1905:
Let's turn now to reverse side and we will see on the right the old brick building of the dormitory of the Knitting Factory, in which a major overhaul was recently carried out with the replacement of floors. Behind it is a small yellow building, a new hostel building:
And now we come to the dam itself. It is interesting to watch and listen to how the water in the dam rustles down in the river Skhodnya:
Finally, a close-up of the factory building:
And at the end of our walk we get to the stadium "Trud", previously owned by the Tushino knitting factory. Now it is used as a field for training and rugby games. Previously, not only sports competitions between workshops, but also cultural events were often held there. In fact, this stadium is closely adjacent to the Skhodnensky bucket. In the background, we can again see the 2nd microdistrict of the Skhodnenskaya floodplain on the site of the former village of Petrovo. I apologize for the quality of the photos, because at that time it was already getting dark:
See you at Tushinsky Khomyak! See you!
Forum Post Discussion16 comments,
, prelestinka , marijka2012 .
I once wrote a story about a trip to the Skhodnensky Dipper. I almost wrote it, but the computer turned off at the wrong time, and everything disappeared. For a long time I could not muster the strength to write again. Here I am, writing. I tried, if possible, to repeat, to remember, so that it was no worse than that first vanished version. Didn't quite succeed. Well, now.
Already in advance before the trip, about two days before, I had excitement and anticipation. In Vysotsky's song about the Vacha River, such a state is characterized by the words "The guide, on the eve of the booze, twisted on the navel." It was not on the occasion of a booze (based on the composition of the participants, a booze was supposed, but this is not the main thing). The expectation was that the day after tomorrow .. tomorrow .. today there will be something good.
According to previous experience, such an exaggerated expectation is a signal that either nothing will work out at all, or it will work out, but you won’t have time to catch it, it will slip through, and all that remains is, like with Boniface, “the holidays are over.”
This time, the second option was implemented. Holidays - the truth is over, but, indeed, everything worked out.
Circumstances were favourable, starting with the weather - as if on purpose, after three days of rain, the sun in the morning managed to sufficiently warm up the atmosphere, dry the grass and paths. Of those who were going to participate in advance, almost no one dropped out, did not get confused, was not late.
I noticed a breeze with Charming on Tushinskaya, on a bench, still from the car. When he approached them, at the same time Igor Yarkevich approached from the other side, and Pavel Krug from the third. It was unexpected and surprising to meet him here. True, it turned out that he did not go on a hike with us, but simply went to work from Krasnogorsk - he said hello, said goodbye and headed for the approaching train. But still meet good man- this is a good omen, and such a big good person is a big good omen.
Then they began to call the rest of the promised participants. Attempts to call Yevgeny Lesin were interrupted by the appearance of Yevgeny Lesin himself, attempts to get through to Masha were crowned with Masha being in the center of the hall - for reliability, she decided to wait there so as not to get confused in two exits.
For decency, we waited a few more minutes, waited for the numbers 14.14.14 to appear on the digital clock above the tunnel and set off.
First, we made a zigzag to the Tushino market and back. The Tushino market seems to be non-existent now, but it exists. In the place where the market used to be, now there is an empty asphalted space, loosely crowded with cars. And the market went underground - hid in the basement shopping center. The center itself is big and high, I did not lift my head and did not count, but it seems there are ten floors. And with all his weight, he pressed into the ground minus the first floor, on which, in fact, everything of value is located - a grocery market and a glasshouse with dumping prices. Lesin and Yarkevich, having gone down the stairs, immediately turned in the direction of Ryumochnaya, and the rest - in the direction of the market.
A digression regarding Ryumochnaya: at the moment, information about Ryumochnaya has passed into the category of historical information, August 30 was the last day of the work of Tushinskaya Ryumochnaya, and Lesin and Yarkevich were its last visitors - having released them, Ryumochnaya was closed forever. “And rightly so,” said Lesin, “such a good place cannot exist inside a bad place.
Still, they began to move in the direction of the Skhodnensky bucket. With pauses in certain ritual places:
in the railway cul-de-sac, where the helicopter followed us,
on the bridge over the Skhodnya,
in the village of Komsomolsky, on a bench at the entrance.
The village of Komsomolsky (Komsomolka) was a part separate from the city of Tushino back in those days when Tushino was a city separate from Moscow. The memory of this is still preserved in the names of three streets of the village, which are called 1st Tushinsky passage, 3rd Tushinsky passage, 2nd Tushinsky passage (that's right, in that order - first comes the 1st, then the 3rd and then 2nd). Agree, it would be pointless to call the passage, located in Tushino, Tushinsky passage, well, it's the same as calling one of the streets of Moscow "Moskovskaya street", as if the rest are not Moscow.
The Komsomolsk village still retains its separateness, and with it a certain time lag - by 15-20 years.
Buses do not stop here, the only road may be blocked by a train, which is slowly carrying something to the House-Building Plant, such a rarity as popsicle on a stick without chocolate is still sold in stores.
This time we didn’t go deep into the Komsomolsky settlement, we passed by the edge. In one of the yards we met a transformer box with a tropical landscape. Veterok and Charming were photographed against her background to make a "farewell Singapore photo" (they were just moving from Singapore to Turkey with a stop in Moscow).
They left the territory of the Komsomolsky village by crossing the pedestrian bridge over the Skhodnya (In general, there are a lot of pedestrian bridges across the Skhodnya. This is explained by the increased sinuosity of the Skhodnya, as well as laziness and diligence local residents: laziness - in the sense of laziness to bypass, and diligence - in the sense of not being too lazy to build bridges.)
The bridge connecting Komsomolskaya Pravda and Stroitelny Proezd is one of the most capital and busiest, used not only by pedestrians, but also by drivers of various two-wheeled vehicles.
The surroundings of the bridge are decorated with alien landscapes.
Behind the bridge, another halt was immediately made. Yarkevich saw a path leading into the thickets to the bank of the Skhodnya, and insisted that we must follow it.
There was no point in protesting. Went.
The path led to a small peninsula. On the peninsula near the river bank there was a round hole in the ground. In the dark, this hole probably poses some danger - there will be more gobina there than in the current Skhodnya nearby. But people who know the hole are used to sit comfortably with their legs hanging down. Along the edge there are special bedding made of newspapers and thin magazines.
True, by the time we arrived, these beddings were already heavily soiled. So we did not sit down, the halt was standing.
The abundance of halts led to the fact that we had to correct the route. The original version was
go through the former 1st and 2nd workers' settlements
(the area of modern Pokhodny and Knitted passages),
past a place called "Half-mountain"
(Once upon a time there was the Tushino camp of "Tsarevich Dmitry", which in the numbering of False Dmitryev is called "second", now the mountain is half torn down, therefore "Half-mountain"),
cross Skhodnya a few more times along the way
and go down to the Bucket along a gentle path from Svetlogorsky passage.
Something like this we walked with Lesin and Yarkevich a year ago, during a reconnaissance campaign.
But, anticipating further plentiful halts on such a tricky path, we decided to go differently - go down to the Kovsh from the side of the Donelaitis passage, where we got out of the Kovsh last year.
The descent was a narrow and seemingly slippery clay path.
To give the soil a little more dry and harden, we made one more halt (as the last climbing camp before the ascent, similarly).
There were some fears that after the halt, despite the fact that the path would dry up, we would fall on the descent not less, but more. But these fears were not confirmed.
Having descended, we found ourselves on the flat bottom of the Skhodnensky Bucket, next to the place where the Skhodnya (in the sense - the Bucket) leaves it.
The further route allowed almost no deviations. Through the grass there was a clear path in a northerly direction.
A long time ago, merchants passed along the trade route. As night approached, they began to think about lodging for the night. And at the top of the hill, the travelers saw a temple. In order not to sleep in the open, they asked for shelter. However, the ministers refused. The merchants had to continue their journey. But at night, dashing people attacked them in order to profit from them. They weren't going to spare anyone. Only one traveler managed to survive. And at that moment, in his hearts, he wished the temple, where he and his companions were not allowed, to fall into the ground along with everyone inside. The curse was heard, the temple went into the bowels of the earth, and in its place the Skhodnensky ladle was formed.
But how did this natural monument actually appear?
This is just one of the versions of the appearance of a unique natural monument. Someone argues that such an ideal round shape could only be due to unearthly origin. Others are sure that the Skhodnensky bucket is the place where a meteorite fell or the crater of a long dormant volcano. Scientists minds explain everything differently. Once upon a time, the Skhodnya River was quite full-flowing and flowed exactly where the upper boundary of the bucket is located. But as time went on, the riverbed became deeper and deeper, receding to the south. And in the end, the Skhodnya ended up at the bottom of the pit. That is, in fact, this natural monument, the Skhodnensky bucket, was washed out by the river, which gave it its name.
So what is this place? It would seem that the capital of Russia is a huge metropolis, completely built up with skyscrapers, shrouded in exhaust gases and having long forgotten about wildlife. It turns out that there is a place where you can see the world, not spoiled by man. It is possible, being in the city, to get into the countryside or even into the forest.
Description of the park
This natural and historical park is located in the South Tushino district of the North-West Administrative District of Moscow. We can say that this is a kind of huge pit 40 m deep. But there are disagreements about its area. Some say that it is 75 hectares, while others say that it is 107 hectares. Despite the fact that the Skhodnensky bucket is located within the city, the nature here is magnificent, and one gets the feeling that civilization is very, very far away. Birch, ash, poplar, oak, mountain ash, elm, maple, aspen grow here.
The sedge-cattail bogs, inherent exclusively to the wild nature, have been preserved, where you can find horsetail, multi-eared cotton grass. Animal world represented by such species as bluethroat, nightingale, moorhen, common bunting, badger warbler. For a long time, representatives of the Red Book of Moscow also met here: hare, common newt, weasel, common snake, moored frog, snipe, meadow pipit, moorhen. However, unfortunately, at the moment, part of the species has been destroyed. One of the reasons environmental scientists believe the large distribution of stray dogs.
Historical heritage
Skhodnensky bucket is not only unique natural object, but also has great importance for historians. It is not for nothing that merchants are mentioned in the legend of its origin. The thing is that a trade route leading from Moscow to the Vladimir-Suzdal Principality once ran through this place. When were found the remains of an ancient settlement from the beginning of the Iron Age - Dyakovo settlement. And next to it, a burial mound was discovered, however, later - XI-XIII centuries. The bones of fossil animals were also mined. But, perhaps, the most important find in this place is the skull of a primitive man, more precisely, its upper part. The thing is that until now, scientists could not come to a consensus about the time of the appearance of people on the territory of the modern Moscow region. And the remains of a person of a transitional type (from Neanderthal to modern) proved that the migration took place about 15 thousand years ago. But that's not all. Traces of incomprehensible origin remained on the skull, most of all reminiscent of the interweaving of threads in fabric. And this is evidence that already in those distant times weaving could exist, although earlier evidence of this fact was not found.
By the way, the find itself was completely accidental. The oldest remains were discovered by workers during the construction of a derivation canal.
"Bad place"
Now this place is a specially protected area. And in 2004 it changed its official name. Now this is the Skhodnenskaya bowl. Residents of Tushino love to walk in the park. You can often see young mothers with strollers courageously making their way through the thickets. However, many still try to avoid this place, they believe that the Skhodnensky bucket is an anomalous zone. And we are ready to provide evidence. The main argument is the very existence wildlife in the center of a long built-up and habitable area, while construction organizations are "fighting" for a piece of land. But in the Soviet years, even before the “bowl” was recognized as a protected natural monument, plots for building were allocated here, they tried to create a reservoir, cultivated vegetable gardens and even held hang gliding training. However, as we can see, the Skhodnenskaya bowl remained unchanged. Therefore, there are rumors about the “badness” of this place.
Partly because of this, and partly because the nature here is really beautiful, adventure lovers are happy to go down to the bottom. And the banks of the Skhodnya were chosen by fishermen.
How to get into the "cup"?
Going down is pretty easy. Near the intersection of Okruzhnaya Street, Svetlogorsky and Factory Drives, there is a very convenient, already trodden path that will lead directly to the Skhodnya River. However, for those who are not built for the easy way, there is another option. You can choose any slope and try to get through it, overcoming obstacles. Sometimes there are even barely noticeable paths laid by the same adventurers.
And what's in the future?
Not so long ago, there was talk that the Skhodnensky bucket, whose photos are actually amazing in beauty, is planned to be ennobled. Benches, comfortable paths, barbecue areas should appear. Whether this will be done or not is unknown. However, residents of the Tushino microdistrict prefer to see the park as it is now. After all, otherwise he will lose his charm and mystery of the wild, untouched nature against the backdrop of a residential area.
The Skhodnenskaya bowl is located on the territory of the South Tushino district of the North-Western administrative district. On three sides, the "Bowl" is bounded by high steep primary banks, in the southern part there is a loop of the Skhodnya channel. The diameter of the "Bowl" along the edge of the slopes is up to 1 km, the depth is about 40 m, the area is about 75 hectares or 107 hectares according to other sources, in the second case the bowl is the third largest natural monument in Moscow (only the Shchukinsky Peninsula is larger - 450 hectares, Serebryanoborskaya terrace - 300 ha).
The bowl was formed in the post-glacial period, when the more full-flowing Skhodnya flowed at the current upper edge of the cliff. Over time, the riverbed deepened, retreating southward under the pressure of bedrock, until the somewhat shallowed river was at the bottom of the gully.
The territory of the bowl is bounded from the north by Yana Rainis Boulevard, from the east by the Donelaitis passage, from the southwest by the Factory passage, and from the northwest by the Svetlogorsky passage. In the southern part of the park, on the right bank of the Skhodnya, there is the Trud stadium, which belongs to the Tushino hosiery factory (until 1929 the Provodnik plant).
Nearest transport hubs: Skhodnenskaya metro station, Trikotazhnaya railway platform.
Biodiversity
The slopes of the bowl are covered with mixed vegetation: birch, ash, maple, poplar along the slope; there are aspen, oak, elm, mountain ash, etc. Near the river bed: floodplain brooms, an extensive sedge-cattail bog with a three-leaf watch, horsetail, multi-eared cotton grass, thickets of small willows and small swamps.
Moorhen, badger warblers and nightingales, bluethroat, common bunting, etc. nest in the park.
At the end of the 20th century, the following species of animals listed in the Red Book of Moscow could be found on the territory of the bowl: moored frog, common newt, viviparous lizard, common snake, weasel, hare; birds - snipe, moorhen, meadow pipit. In 2004, hares and weasels could no longer be found, one of the reasons for their disappearance is called stray dogs.
At the end of the 20th century, the bowl was a stopping place for flocks of migratory birds (ducks, shorebirds) during their spring migration.
Story
On the banks of the Skhodnya River, traces of settlements of a reasonable man of the Stone Age, Paleolithic times are found: the bones of a primitive bull, a musk musk ox and a reindeer.
In the Tushino bowl, on the banks of the Skhodnya, during excavations, a Skhodnensky skull cover dating back to the Upper Paleolithic era was found. The bowl also contains the Tushino settlement of the early Iron Age (Dyakovo culture), explored in 1927 by archaeologist K. Ya. Vinogradov. Near the settlement there was a burial mound of the 11th-13th centuries.
An ancient trade route passed through here, probably operating from the 1st millennium BC. e. to the 13th century A.D. e .. The path connected Moscow with Vladimir and. Along the Skhodnya River (otherwise Vskhodnya, Vhodnya), the ships went upstream (ascented, entered) to the portage near the village of Cherkizovo, and then dragged to the Klyazma, the ships descended back (left, descended), from where the name of the river originated.
In the vicinity of the bowl there were villages and villages: (on the site of the ancient Dyakovo settlement), (died out from the plague in 1664), Petrovo and Bratsevo. The last two villages existed until 1980.
In the 1940s and 60s, the South Tushino area was built up.
Since the 1970s, hang gliders have been training in the Skhodnensky bucket.
Until the 1990s, the slopes of the bowl were used for vegetable gardens.
In 1991, the area was given the status of a specially protected natural area. In June 1998, by a decree of the Government of Moscow, the territory of the park was included in the Tushinsky Natural Park complex, which has the status of specially protected natural areas.
In 2004, the official name "Skhodnensky bucket, Donelaitis passage" was changed to "Skhodnenskaya bowl".
Gallery
see also
- Petrovo - a former village near the northern slope of the bowl
- Spas - a former village south of the bowl
- Bratsevo - area northwest of the bowl
- Tushino