The first deep-sea exploration device in the world. Deep-sea manned submersibles MIR (9 photos)
aliens really exist. This is confirmed by their real photos. Of course, many of the photographs provided by eyewitnesses are fake. But there are those that provide truthful pictures in which real aliens are present.
Mutant from Montauk
In 2008, in America, the corpse of an unknown creature was washed up on the shores of the city of Montauk. Scientists have not been able to figure out who it is. There are many theories about this, some believe that the creature is a mutated raccoon, others say that it is a fake.
Ufologists came to the conclusion that this is one of the types of aliens. His photo has survived and is authentic.
Photo by Ray Santilli
In 1995, R. Santilli stated that he was in possession of genuine photographs and videos from the UFO crash site in Roswell. They depict the crash itself and the autopsy of the alien.
He spoke about this until 2006, and then abruptly changed his testimony. But this does not mean that what he had on hand is a falsification. Maybe someone just pressured Ray, ordering him to shut up.
Alien from Indonesia
In 2011, a security camera at a security company filmed angelic alien. The luminous ghost had large white wings. He appeared very quickly and disappeared just as quickly.
His image not only remained in the picture, he was seen by several eyewitnesses who tried to run up to him, but the creature was gone.
Alien from the Atacama Desert
Recognize real and alien photo from the Atacama Desert. The alien was found by the Chilean O. Munoz in a ghost mining village. Not far from the church, he found a strange bundle and unwrapped it. There was a 15 cm mummified body with teeth and a bulging head.
The Chilean sold the humanoid for $60, and scientists took it further. During experiments and examination of the creature, they revealed that it has 9 ribs, not 12, like a person, and also that it cannot be a human fetus. It was also noted that the concentration of calcium in the bones of the alien was several times higher than the norm.
The creature's age was determined to be 7 years old. It ate earthly food.
Kyshtymsky Aleshenka
A similar alien was found in Russia in the city of Kyshtym, Chelyabinsk region. He looked like Alien from Atacama. There is no doubt that his photos are real.
Scientists connect the Kyshtym and Atakamsk humanoids with each other. They say that if at least one more such alien is found, it will already be possible to talk about patterns. Then it will be indirectly confirmed that aliens exist.
For many years now, people have been tormented by the question, do aliens exist? If they exist, what do they look like? What color and shape are they? And are they like us?
Are there real photos of aliens? This collection will feature just such pictures. Of course, there are a lot of fake pictures on the Internet. However, ours are really real. The photos shown are the most popular. They will help us understand whether the aliens are real or just a hoax and a hoax.
A Turkish watchman filmed an alien in 2008.
Alien found in crash aircraft in America.
Dead alien with a broken skull.
Alien guest.
Aliens visited our earth long before the creation of civilization.
Figure near Kyiv. It was created around 4000 BC.
Embalmed Alien, UFO Museum in America.
State of New Mexico.
Alien in Brazil.
In Mexico, archaeologists have found a cemetery of aliens.
In 2011, an alien was found in the snow in Siberia.
Alien in the lab at autopsy.
Little alien.
An alien who died in a UFO crash.
By order of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Russia, the design of a bathyscaphe began, capable of diving to a depth of eleven thousand meters, which has not yet been conquered by mankind.
Not a single deep-sea vehicle that exists today is capable of swimming so deep - the maximum depth for them (the Russian "Mir" too) is considered to be 6.5 thousand meters.
This project is to be implemented during 2009-2016 as part of the target program"Development of Marine Civil Engineering". According to the customer's calculations, the cost of the project, including the design and development of a habitable bathyscaphe, is 63 million rubles. The base of this deep-sea vehicle will be a research vessel, the creation of which is also being developed at the present time.
The crew of the bathyscaphe will be 2-3 scientists, the maximum diving depth is planned to be 11 thousand meters, the maximum displacement is 33 tons. The device will be able to stay under water for three days.
Simultaneously with the order for the deepest submersible, the Ministry of Trade and Industry of the Russian Federation placed an order for the design of a research vessel, which will be the carrier of a manned deep submersible. The crew of the RV - 80 people, in the hold of the vessel will be placed a supply of fuel and food and fuel for a hundred daily autonomous trips.
In the order, representatives of the Russian Ministry of Industry noted that the creation of such a complex should ""assert the authority of Russia as a great maritime power and at the same time a leader in deep-sea shipbuilding."
The ministry is convinced that this apparatus can be built at shipyards owned by the United Shipbuilding Corporation. But in the USC itself, this statement is not commented on, explaining that it is not aware of what is happening. The TOR of the project requires that the bathyscaphe be equipped with the latest navigation and radio equipment, reliable and modern system security. Among other things, this complex will provide an opportunity to significantly increase the number of programs of domestic scientific research, allowing you to carry out the most complex operations at extremely great depths.
- Habitable deep-sea vehicles have a very wide range of applications - from collecting information and conducting various scientific measurements, and to work related to the elimination of the consequences of accidents under water and the laying of underwater communication or technological systems. The creation of a bathyscaphe that can dive six kilometers today costs an average of $ 50 million, and in this case we are talking about 11 kilometers - said Anatoly Sagalevich, head of the laboratory of deep-sea vehicles at the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He believes that before proceeding with the creation of new deep-sea vehicles, it is necessary to use those that are available to the end.
“Our Mirs are recognized as the best devices in the world, and yet there is no long queue for their use,” the scientist says. - The maintenance of the ship "Akademik Keldysh", which is the base for two devices "Mir", takes 40 thousand dollars a day, which is 15 million dollars a year. Perhaps, on a national scale, this is not so much, but if we take into account the fact that our laboratory has been looking for work on its own for twenty years, then the numbers do not look so small.
The Ministry of Trade and Industry notes that in addition to scientific use, the World Ocean is now actively used for laying oil and gas pipelines, cable routes and various platforms in it, so the new deepest submersible will definitely not be left without work.
Today, only a few states have deep-sea submersibles:
Russia has Mir-1 and Mir-2 (diving depth up to 6.5 thousand meters), France - Nautile (6 thousand meters), Japan - Shinkai-6500 (with a record depth of 6527 meters), China is a copy of Mir, which has already been tested at a depth of 5,000 meters.
There is already a device that can dive to 6.5 thousand meters, which will allow you to explore 98% of the area of the bottom of the oceans. Therefore, the creation of devices that can descend to 11 thousand meters is an inappropriate undertaking, Sagalevich complains. - People have already been at such a depth - for example, the French in 1960 sank to the bottom Mariana Trench, besides, nothing worthy of attention, except for sedimentary rocks, was found there.
Neither Soviet nor Russian industry has ever produced such devices. Even the Mirs were built in Finland by Rauma-Repola Oceanics.
“Russian shipbuilding is not in a position to build such a device today,” says Alexei Bezborodov, director general of the InfraNews agency. “This case is not just a blank with a porthole made of titanium – it is a case that can withstand tremendous pressure, and building such a device is not a very big problem. The main problem lies in the vessel, which must ensure the operation of this apparatus. And our industry has never built such ships. Even in Soviet times, almost the entire domestic deep-water fleet was foreign: from Yuri Gagarin to Mstislav Keldysh.
will begin on Lake Baikal on Thursday morning, RIA Novosti was told by Inna Krylova, deputy director for public relations of the Baikal Conservation Assistance Fund.The Mir-1 and Mir-2 deep-sea manned vehicles (GOA) were built in Finland by Rauma-Repola in 1987. The devices were created under the scientific and technical guidance of scientists and engineers of the P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The creation of the devices was started in May 1985 and completed in November 1987. In December 1987, deep-sea tests of vehicles were carried out in the Atlantic at a depth of 6170 meters (Mir-1) and 6120 meters (Mir-2). The devices were installed on the support vessel "Akademik Mstislav Keldysh", built in 1981 in Finland and re-equipped in 1987 to work with deep-sea test vehicles.
Using the Mir-1 and Mir-2 submersibles, 35 expeditions were carried out to the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans, including nine expeditions to eliminate the consequences of accidents of nuclear submarines (NPS) "Komsomolets" and "Kursk". A number of the latest deep-sea technologies and methods have been developed, which made it possible to carry out long-term radiation monitoring on the Komsomolets nuclear submarine, which is located at the bottom of the Norwegian Sea at a depth of 1700 meters, and to partially seal the bow of the boat. Russian scientific institutions a technique was developed that made it possible to carry out a detailed survey of the Kursk nuclear submarine with the help of Mir devices, determine the cause of its accident and develop measures to eliminate the consequences of this accident.
In 1991 and 1995, with the help of the Worlds, research was carried out on the hull of the Titanic, which lies at a depth of 3800 meters. During the dives, unique filming was carried out, which was used to create feature and popular science films, including Titanica, Titanic, Bismarck, Aliens of the Deep, Ghost of the Abyss.
In January-September 2004, the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, together with the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Fakel, carried out a major overhaul of the Mir submersibles with their complete disassembly, strength testing of the hulls, partial replacement of elements, assemblies and equipment, subsequent assembly and testing of the newly assembled submersibles. As a result, Mir-1 and Mir-2 received a class certificate from the international register German Lloyd until 2014.
On August 2, 2007, as part of the Arktika-2007 expedition, the world's first deep-sea manned submersibles Mir were launched at the point of the geographic North Pole to a depth of 4,300 meters. During this unprecedented dive, a titanium Russian flag was planted at the bottom. The achievements of this expedition are listed in the Guinness Book of Records.
Currently, several projects are being developed at the Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, within the framework of which it is planned to carry out scientific research and underwater technical work using the Mir-1 and Mir-2 submersibles. One of the projects is integrated ocean research in circumnavigation vessel "Akademik Mstislav Keldysh". During this expedition, it is planned to study hydrothermal fields at the bottom in various areas of the World Ocean and dive on several sunken objects.
In 2008‑2009 years will pass research expedition "Worlds" on Baikal". Comprehensive program scientific research lake Baikal prepared Russian Academy Sciences. Most of research program will be carried out using deep-sea manned submersibles "Mir". The purpose of the expedition is to collect information and use the data obtained in forecasting various natural processes, diving to the maximum marks of the bottom of Lake Baikal, exploring the outlets of underwater hydrothermal springs and mud volcanoes, studying the bottom of the Barguzin Bay. Among the tasks of the expedition are also the study of Baikal hydrocarbons and the determination of their reserves, obtaining accurate data on tectonic processes at the bottom of the lake, the state of the coastline, and the search for archaeological artifacts.
0Probably, the merits of the MIR deep-sea manned submersibles and one of their creators, the scientist and Hero of Russia Anatoly Mikhailovich Sagalevich, do not need to be listed. This is the largest number of dives to the Titanic in history, and unprecedented scientific discoveries new species of animals, and diving to the Kursk, Komsomolsk, Bismarck, and the study of "black smokers" ... This list can be continued for a very long time, enough for a whole book of achievements.
It would seem - here it is, a ready reason to be proud of the achievements of the country. Research, discoveries are wonderful, we must continue to dive! But some misunderstanding creeps into your head when you find out that for the fifth year now these miracles of technology have been idle. Even more questions arise when you start to learn their real history.
Take a look at this Chinese apparatus called "Jiaolong", for example. It was built in 2010 and is capable of diving to a depth of 7,000 meters. Doesn't it remind you of anything?
GOA "Jiaolong", a deep-sea manned vehicle capable of diving to 7000 meters - deeper than any other in the world
Indeed, it is incredibly similar to the Russian MIRs. Shape, characteristics and even coloring. And this is not surprising, because it was their design that was taken as the basis, since it was recognized as one of the most perfect and most successful. The chief technical consultant was none other than Anatoly Mikhailovich Sagalevich.
Interestingly, while the unique and unparalleled in the world "tandem" system of "MIRs" has been idle for five years now, Chinese officials have begun to fully realize the importance of deep-sea research, because there, at a depth of many thousands of meters , there are truly untold natural wealth. Having built the Jiaolong apparatus, they became the owner of the deepest submersible in the world. Hundreds of millions of dollars are allocated for the research program, and these are public funds. An extensive training program for deep-sea pilots has been launched, the prestige of whose profession is now comparable to that of an astronaut. Each deep-sea scientist is the pride of the country, the hero of the country. It used to be the same in the USSR.
Chinese pilots proudly hold the Chinese flag ahead of the Jiaolong test dive
Against this background, it is worth briefly recalling the history of the MIRs in modern Russia. Since 1991, not a single large-scale expedition has been organized with public money. None. All research expeditions were organized and financed either by individuals and companies or foreign organizations.
Recall even the most famous of them - for example, a series of dives to Lake Baikal in 2008-2010. All three expeditions were organized with the private money of one of the State Duma deputies - he's just an enthusiast too. On his own (and not state) money, the first person in the state dived into Baikal in 2009.
Vladimir Putin during a dive to Lake Baikal
And it is worth remembering the most, probably, the most famous (and even historical), incredible in its complexity expedition of the MIRs to the North Pole - Arctic-2007. During it, for the first time in the history of mankind, it was possible to achieve real point North Pole, which is located at a depth of more than 4000 meters. When this point was reached, a small Russian flag was placed on the bottom. Of course, this was not a bid for possession of Russia North Pole, as many have tried to imagine, it was a purely symbolic act. But still a reason to be proud, right? And indeed, all the media of the country broadcast about this event day and night, fanfare sounded, officials did not leave the screens.
Artur Chilingarov, Anatoly Sagalevich and Vladimir Gruzdev before the historic dive
Installation of the Russian flag at the geographic North Pole
And now the most interesting. This expedition of "national pride" was not organized with state money. And not even in Russian at all. It was funded for the most part by two foreign citizens- Swedish scientist and philanthropist Frederik Paulsen and Australian explorer Mike McDowell. Probably, it is as if the flight of Yuri Gagarin was paid for by American patrons. Such is the "spiritual bond".
Swedish citizen Frederik Paulsen, who financed the Russian expedition Arctic-2007
In a similar way, on foreign funding, MIRs were able to stay afloat for so long. All this is entirely the personal merit of Anatoly Mikhailovich Sagalevich, whose diplomatic talent helped save and use the MIR devices for 20 years. But its possibilities are not unlimited. For many years now, the scientist has been trying to achieve acceptable funding for the deep-sea program. More than once he even addressed the head of state. In response, only excuses and indefinite promises. And time goes by, opportunities go away. MIRs must undergo a full technical inspection every 10 years. The last one took place in 2005. In 2015, a new one was needed, but it never took place due to lack of funding - now the MIRs may not be released into the ocean.
Pilots aren't immortal either. The youngest at the moment has already exceeded 60 (!) years. But no new ones are expected, because there is nothing to train them on, and for such a “large” salary, which of the young will agree to devote their lives to science?
Presentation to Anatoly Sagalevich of the star of the Hero of Russia, 2008
In this situation, all that remains is that it is sad to sigh and go to help where experience and knowledge are in demand. That is why the apparatus "Jiaolong" is so similar to the "MIR" - the Chinese incredibly appreciate the experience and help of A. M. Sagalevich in creating the apparatus. The scientist himself regularly visits various shipyards in many countries where new and new devices are being built - the knowledge of a specialist of this class is worth its weight in gold all over the world. Except, however, Russia.
The Chinese authorities realized that the race to explore great depths (the so-called ultra-abyssal) is gaining momentum again. Construction of new devices is planned in the USA, Japan and Great Britain. Therefore, Chinese officials decided not to stop there - on the Jiaolong apparatus - and went further, much further.
Currently Science Center for the study of the ultra-abyssal zone at the Shanghai Oceanographic University is developing an unprecedented deep-sea vehicle called Caihongyu - "Guppy" worth 80 million dollars. This is a manned apparatus that will be able to sink to the bottom of the Mariana Trench - to a depth of more than 11,000 meters.
GOA "Caihongyu" - "Guppy", which will descend to the bottom of the Mariana Trench in 2019
There have been only two such devices in the history of mankind - the Trieste in 1953 and the Dipsy Challenger in 2012. But most importantly, it will not just be a bathyscaphe that can only rise and fall, like the two above-mentioned devices, it will be a full-fledged scientific apparatus , designed for a crew of three and capable of performing the entire range of scientific deep-sea research - an analogue of the MIRs. Construction is planned to begin this year, and diving into the cavity is scheduled for 2019. The construction of a carrier vessel worth $220 million has already begun specifically for the Guppy. It is safe to say that as soon as the Chinese finish the device and put it on the carrier ship, the unconditional palm will go to them.
One of the co-authors of the project is (as you might have guessed) Anatoly Mikhailovich Sagalevich. He is one of the main technical consultants and regularly visits Shanghai. And what is most interesting in this story: Anatoly Mikhailovich understands that this device is unique, the possession of such a device provides incredible opportunities. Therefore, even at the very first stages of the creation of the Guppy, the scientist and Hero of Russia turned to Russian officials with a seemingly more than excellent proposal - to build, together with the Chinese, a second such apparatus, but from the Russian side. Moreover, the Chinese themselves supported this idea with interest. A new deep-sea "tandem" would have turned out - an analogue of the "MIRs" - which would really have no equal in the world, it would be the pinnacle of technical achievements. Yes, and you will agree that studying the ocean with the “fraternal people of China” is a very good option, especially in the current conditions.
But ... (as much as I would like there to be no union “but” in this place)
The Russian side refused.
Yuri Gagarin will not fly into space.
The only thing left to add is the lines from A. M. Sagalevich's song "The Ballad of the Institute":
After all, there were times when a rich country
We were allowed to sail to any part of the Earth.
Well, now there is no budget, we are always looking for an answer
"Where can we put the big ships?"
And there is an excellent steamer, let it have a quiet course,
But having removed "Titanic", he became popular in the world.
We need to remove the "WORLDS" from it, give it to a three-year freight,
So that he pumps money from tourists to us.
“Why does a scientist need a salary? He will write a report
After all, Lomonosov drank alone, but bread kvass.
Cut staff twice! Turn science into business!” —
An order came from someone's office.
Without looking at such an approach, we break through the campaign,
And we conquer both Baikal and the Poles.
Shooting a movie underwater and remembering Lyublino
And we continue to believe in miracles.
Anatoly Sagalevich — Ballad about the Institute
Polishchuk Maxim (