How to pass the exam rules. How and why adults take the exam
The USE (Unified State Examination) is a centralized exam that is conducted in secondary schools. general education with the help of control measuring materials.
C at school (or lyceum) and at the same time the main form of entrance examinations to universities. So, students take the exam in the following subjects: Russian, mathematics, foreign language (English, French, German and Spanish), physics, chemistry, biology, geography, literature, history, social science, computer science.
At the same time, and the rest are optional items. You can take any number of optional subjects - it all depends on the requirements of the university (lists of subjects are usually posted on information stands and on the websites of universities). The results of the USE in points are issued in the form of a certificate of the results of the USE.
The exam is compulsory for everyone who graduated from a school, college, technical school or lyceum after January 1, 2009. In addition, it must be passed Foreign citizens who were trained abroad.
In fact, the main time for passing the exam- May and June.
However, there are two more stages of passing the exam: this early period- in April and an additional period - in July.
Graduates of the current year are eligible to take the exam ahead of schedule, namely:
Night school students drafted into the army;
- traveling to Russian or international sports competitions and olympiads;
- traveling abroad or sent for treatment;
- graduates of schools located outside the Russian Federation, in countries with difficult climatic conditions.
In the additional period, graduates of previous years or graduates of primary and secondary have the right to take the exam vocational education, Foreign citizens.
Who conducts the exam?
Within the territory of Russian USE is carried out by the Federal Service for Supervision of Education and Science with the assistance of the executive authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. If the exam is held outside of Russia, then Rosobrnadzor conducts it together with the founders of an educational institution, which must have state accreditation.
Who should not take the exam?
High school graduates who graduated before January 1, 2009, that is, before the USE became mandatory, receive a choice. When entering a university, they can take exams in the traditional form, or they can independently pass the USE. In addition, the USE is optional for graduates with handicapped, pupils of special institutions of a closed type for children with deviant behavior and alumni educational institutions penitentiary system.
By law, a graduate of previous years can apply for testing in any region of Russia - regardless of where he is registered and where he completed his education. However, if you are in the same city where you have registered at your place of residence, you will most likely have to apply in accordance with your registration, even if you live or work on the other side of the city. However, options are possible: the exact regulations for the work of registration points for graduates of past years are established by regional educational authorities and may vary slightly in different regions of Russia. That's why, if you plan to take exams outside the place of residence best to call the hotline USE issues in your region and find out where you are eligible to apply.
The hotline numbers can be found on the official portal ege.edu.ru in the information support section. There you will also find links to regional sites dedicated to passing the exam. It is on them that the “verified”, official information about the addresses of points where you can apply for the exam - with contact numbers and opening hours. As a rule, applications are accepted on business days, two or three days a week during specially designated hours.
What documents are required to register for the exam
To apply, you will need to submit the following set of documents:
- document on complete secondary education (original);
- the passport;
- if in the interval between graduation from school and passing the exams you changed your last name or first name - a document confirming this fact (marriage certificate or a change of name or last name),
- if secondary education was obtained in a foreign educational institution– notarized translation of the certificate into Russian.
You do not need to make copies of the documents: after the registration point employees enter all your data into the automated system, the originals will be returned to you.
What you need to know when applying for the exam
By the time of the visit to the registration point for graduates of previous years, you must finally make a list of items that you plan to take - it will be very difficult to change the "set". If Russian language and mathematics are mandatory for school graduates, then this rule does not apply to people who have already received a complete secondary education: you can take only those subjects that are required for admission to a university.
Decide will you write an essay. For 11th-graders, obtaining a “pass” in an essay is an indispensable condition for admission to exams, but graduates of previous years who take the USE “of their own free will” are not required to do this - they receive “admission” automatically, upon the fact of having a certificate. Therefore, the question of composition is better clarified in admission committee the university you have chosen: is its presence mandatory, can it bring you additional points upon admission. If the answer to both questions is “no”, then you can safely not include the essay in the list.
If you are planning to take the exam in foreign language – Decide if you will limit yourself to only written part(which can bring up to 80 points), or you will also take "speaking" (an additional 20 points). oral part the exam is held on another day, and if you are not faced with the task of scoring maximum points, it is not necessary to participate in it.
Choose the dates in which you want to take the exams. Graduates of previous years have the opportunity to take exams both on the main dates (in May-June, simultaneously with schoolchildren) or in the early “wave” (March-). Choose what is more convenient for you.
How is the registration for the exam for graduates of past years
The application process is quite simple, but do not arrive at the registration point 10 minutes before the deadline, especially if you apply in the last weeks before the deadline: it is possible that you will have to wait in line for a while.
Documents are submitted in person. To register for exams:
- you will have to fill out a consent to the processing of personal data and entering them into the AIS (automatic identification system);
- employees of the check-in point will check your documents and enter your personal and passport data, as well as passport data into the system;
- you will tell which subjects and in what terms you plan to take, after which an application for passing the exam will be automatically generated indicating the subjects you have chosen and the dates of the exams;
- you will check the printed application, and, making sure that all the data are correct, sign;
- the employees of the registration point will give you a copy of the application with a note about the acceptance of documents, a memo for the USE participant and instruct you how and when you will need to come to get a pass for the exam.
How much does it cost to pass the exam for graduates of previous years
The unified state exam is held for all categories of participants, including graduates of previous years, regardless of how many subjects you decide to take. Therefore, the procedure for receiving documents does not imply the presentation of receipts or payment for registration services.
At the same time, in most regions, graduates of previous years can take part in "trial", training exams, which take place in conditions as close as possible to reality, are assessed according to the USE standards and allow participants to gain additional training experience. This is a paid additional service offered by the educational authorities - and if you wish, you can use it. However, participation in such "rehearsals" is completely voluntary.
Oh well, that's easy enough if you're in 10th grade right now. If at 11 - woke up a bit late, of course, but there is still a chance and quite a big one.
First you need to set yourself a goal in terms of points and steadfastly go towards it. My goal was 100, I started from the very beginning of the 11th grade. I had very little luggage, mainly formed on the basis of the course of Russian literature XIX century and the work of Karamzin in the retelling of his father-historian. So you should sit down and clearly assess what you can hope for. I was preparing together with a friend who was an applicant for a provincial law faculty, who did not try very hard, but he just had to overcome the threshold of 50 points, which he successfully did.
The best textbook for passing the exam is the Moscow State University textbook on the history of Orlov and Georgiev. It can be bought almost everywhere, it is very convenient. On it we learn "theory".
Then you need to buy supplies. I took the usual ones from FIPI, plus a separate allowance for complex tasks. Take a book with KIMs and solve them, write part C completely in a specially wound notebook. It is desirable - to find a teacher who can check them. Or by keys. Solve as many tests as possible and get your hands on it.
Learn the codifier. Or at least read it carefully. You must know how each task is done. What points are given and taken away. I highly recommend that you find materials for teachers who check the exam on the Fipi website - there are samples of assignments completed for medium and high scores (part C).
Buy manuals with pictures and maps. Most often asked on cards Slavic tribes, major battles and uprisings. It is highly desirable to know what each ruler of Russia looks like (I am not talking about Rurik and Svyatoslav, but it is necessary to distinguish Khrushchev from Andropov and Chernenko).
Maintain tables. From the largest battles of the Second World War to the reforms of Alexander I. If convenient, take notes. I didn’t lead and just circled the right places in the textbook, because it’s easier for me.
If you want a good score, don't skimp on culture. A lot of people are cut off on it, especially those who are not preparing for the exam in literature. Feofan Grek, Andrei Rublev, Falcone, Ton, Feofan Prokopovich and others, others, others. Learn famous churches, buildings, paintings, artists. There is a lot(!!!) of everything here. Don't forget the culture of the 80s and 90s. Including TV shows.
Hang above the table excerpts from the most disliked and difficult topics. For me, all sorts of officials of the USSR were like that (this question is very popular at the Unified State Examination) and the Pugachev uprising, I don’t even know why.
Be prepared to study one topic 8, 9, 10 times. History is forgotten terribly quickly, because there is a lot of information. I advise you to start with the most ancient and end with Putin, it is also desirable to learn it, you never know what they will come up with.
Find a friend and get ready together. It's fun, interesting, especially if a friend knows much more than you.
And do not express your opinion so clearly. If Brezhnev personally offended your grandmother very much at one time, do not write nasty things about him in part C, even if it seems to you that you are absolutely right. Be absolutely neutral.
I myself passed on 93, and the points were taken off in part C, and, as it seemed to me, it was completely unfair. The appeal was supposed to take place 300 kilometers from my city on the day of my high school graduation, and my mother did not let me go. So it goes.
At the DWI in History at Moscow State University (Faculty of History), I scored 95, if anything.
The answer is simple - words.
You need to know the words. The words. The words. A thousand words. And again words.
If you think that you only need to know grammar, then you are greatly mistaken.
Grammar
How many “clean” words can you get from grammar?
- 7 points in the Grammar section (19-25)
- 2 points (criterion 3) - letter
- 2 points (criterion 4) - essay
- 2 points (criterion 3) - speaking part No. 3
- 2 points (criterion 3) - speaking part No. 4
- 5 points - speaking part 2 (ask 5 questions)
What happens? In total, you can get 20 points for grammar. The remaining 80 points you can score only at the expense of vocabulary.
Most students for some reason believe that knowing the tenses and the passive voice will save the whole situation. This is not true. This is very far from the truth.
What do you need to pass the exam in English with a score above 75?
I repeat, words.
In 2018 something terrible happened - something that no one expected and cannot predict. In the essay topics, the guys came across the word literacy, could not translate it, and almost everyone (think about it - almost ALL who wrote) received 0 points for the essay.
Not fair? Of course it's not fair! This example can be written down as a perfect example of dishonesty in this world.
How can you influence your score in the English exam?
Letter to Verbitskaya? They already wrote that, she replied that there is nothing wrong with the word literacy, because an essay is a task high level, so you should know this word.
As you understand that it is impossible to fight this, nothing will change. Not after letters, not after petitions. But the situation can be changed - to recruit vocabulary words. We cannot influence the format of the exam, but we can do what is in your power to learn the words.
There are 2 questions left.
How not to learn words for the exam?
just by the codifier, by some lists that lie on the Internet (you will waste your time).
How to learn words for the exam?
- read books and retell
- listen to BBC podcasts 6 min and retell
- watch documentaries Unreported World and discuss with your tutor
- write a lot using new words
- prepare mini reports and projects for certain topic(now you can choose a topic from the codifier)
If you are already doing all this with your tutor, great! You are on the right way.
If you don't have a tutor yet, then come to my lessons at least once a week. Make a difference. Take a step towards your dream - pass USE exam on the high score and go to college.
Read more about the lessons for preparing for the exam.
Which programming language to choose, what tasks to focus on and how to allocate time on the exam
Teaches computer science at Foxford.
Different universities require different entry exams in IT areas. Somewhere you need to take physics, somewhere - computer science. It is up to you to decide which exam to prepare for, but it should be borne in mind that the competition for specialties where physics must be taken is usually lower than in specialties where the Unified State Examination in computer science is required, i.e. the probability of entering "through physics" is greater.
Why then take the exam in computer science?
- It is faster and easier to prepare for it than for physics.
- You will be able to choose from more specialties.
- It will be easier for you to study in the chosen specialty.
What you need to know about the exam in computer science
The exam in computer science consists of two parts. In the first part there are 23 problems with a short answer, in the second - 4 problems with a detailed answer. There are 12 tasks in the first part of the exam basic level, 10 advanced quests and 1 high-level quest. In the second part - 1 task of an increased level and 3 - high.
Solving problems from the first part allows you to score 23 primary points - one point for the completed task. Solving problems in the second part adds 12 primary points (3, 2, 3 and 4 points for each problem, respectively). Thus, the maximum primary points that can be obtained for solving all tasks is 35.
Primary scores are converted into test scores, which are USE result. 35 primary points = 100 test points per exam. At the same time, for solving problems from the second part of the exam, more test scores than for the answers to the tasks of the first part. Each primary score obtained for the second part of the exam, will give you 3 or 4 test scores, which in total is about 40 final points for the exam.
This means that at fulfillment of the exam in computer science, special attention should be paid to solving problems with a detailed answer: No. 24, 25, 26 and 27. Their successful completion will allow you to score more final points. But the price of an error during their execution is higher - the loss of each primary score is fraught with the fact that you will not pass the competition, because 3-4 final points for the Unified State Examination, with high competition in IT specialties, can become decisive.
How to prepare for solving problems from the first part
- Pay special attention to tasks No. 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 18, 20, 23. It is these tasks, according to the analysis of the results of past years, that are especially difficult. Difficulties in solving these problems are experienced not only by those who have a low overall score for the Unified State Examination in computer science, but also by “good students” and “excellent students”.
- Learn by heart the table of powers of the number 2.
- Remember that Kbytes in tasks means kibibytes, not kilobytes. 1 kibibyte = 1024 bytes. This will help avoid calculation errors.
- study carefully USE options previous years. The computer science exam is one of the most stable, which means that you can safely use the USE options for the last 3-4 years for preparation.
- Get to know different options task formulations. Remember that a slight change in the wording will always lead to worse exam results.
- Read the problem statement carefully. Most of the errors in completing assignments are due to a misunderstanding of the condition.
- Learn to independently check completed tasks and find errors in the answers.
What you need to know about problem solving with a detailed answer
24 task - to find the error
25 task requires a simple program
26 task - on game theory
27 task - it is necessary to program a complex program
Problem 27 is the main difficulty in the exam. It is only decided60-70% writing the exam in informatics. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it is impossible to prepare for it in advance. Every year, the exam is submitted in principle new task. When solving problem No. 27, not a single semantic error should be made.
How to calculate exam time
Be guided by the data that are given in the specification of control measuring materials for conducting the exam in informatics. It indicates the approximate time allotted for completing the tasks of the first and second parts of the exam.
The exam in computer science lasts 235 minutes
Of these, 90 minutes are allotted for solving problems from the first part. On average, each task from the first part takes from 3 to 5 minutes. It takes 10 minutes to solve problem #23.
There are 145 minutes left to solve the tasks of the second part of the exam, while solving the last task No. 27 will take at least 55 minutes. These calculations were made by the specialists of the Federal Institute for Pedagogical Measurements and are based on the results of exams from previous years, so they should be taken seriously and used as a guide for the exam.
Programming languages - which one to choose
- BASIC. it obsolete language, and although it is still studied in schools, there is no point in wasting time on mastering it.
- School algorithmic programming language. It is designed specifically for early learning to program, it is convenient for mastering initial algorithms, but it contains almost no depth, there is nowhere to develop in it.
- Pascal. It is still one of the most common programming languages for teaching in schools and universities, but its capabilities are also very limited. Pascal is quite suitable as the language for writing the exam.
- C++. Universal language, one of the fastest programming languages. It is difficult to study on it, but in practical application its possibilities are very wide.
- Python. It is easy to learn at an elementary level, the only thing required is knowledge of English language. At the same time, with in-depth study, Python provides the programmer with no less opportunities than C ++. Having started learning Python at school, you will continue to use it in the future, you will not have to relearn another language in order to reach new horizons in programming. To pass the exam, it is enough to know "Python" at a basic level.
Good to know
- Works in computer science are evaluated by two experts. If the expert evaluation results differ by 1 point, the higher of the two points is assigned. If the discrepancy is 2 points or more, the work is rechecked by a third expert.
- A useful site for preparing for the exam in computer science -