Composition of 56 infantry regiments who died in the first Chechen war. Flag of the Airborne Forces "56 DShB"
ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION
56th Guards Separate Order Patriotic War First degree Don Cossack Airborne Assault Brigade originates from the 351st Guards Landing Airborne Regiment, formed from June 3 to July 28, 1946 on the basis of units of the 351st and 355th Guards Rifle Regiments and included in the 106th Guards airborne division 38 Guards Airborne Corps of Vienna.
The annual holiday of the brigade set the date of the formation of the 351st Guards Rifle Regiment - January 5, 1945.
In 1949, the 351st Guards Landing Airborne Regiment was renamed the 351st Guards parachute regiment.
In 1960, the 351st Guards Airborne Regiment was transferred from the 106th Guards Airborne Division to the 105th Guards Airborne Division.
In 1979, the 351st Guards Airborne Regiment was reorganized into the 56th Guards Separate Airborne Assault Brigade.
In 1989, the 56th Guards Separate Order of the Patriotic War First Class Airborne Assault Brigade was reorganized into the 56th Guards Separate Order of the Patriotic War First Class Airborne Brigade.
In 1997, the 56th Guards Separate Order of the Patriotic War, first degree, the Don Cossack Airborne Brigade was re-reformed into the 56th Guards Order of the Patriotic War, first degree, the Don Cossack air assault regiment, which was part of the 20th Guards Moto rifle division.
In 2009, the 56th Guards Order of the Patriotic War, First Class, the Don Cossack Airborne Assault Regiment, was reorganized into the 56th Guards Separate Order of the Patriotic War, First Class, the Don Cossack Airborne Assault Brigade.
On July 1, 2010, it was reorganized into the 56th Guards Separate Order of the Patriotic War of the first degree, the Don Cossack Airborne Assault Brigade (light).
II. PARTICIPATION IN CAMPAIGNS, BATTLE, OPERATIONS
From February 20 to February 25, 1945, the 351st Guards rifle regiment As part of the 106th Guards Rifle Division of the 38th Guards Rifle Corps, he was transferred to Hungary, where he fought as part of the 9th guards army 3rd Ukrainian front.
March 30, 1945, pursuing the retreating units of the enemy, the regiment crossed the Austro-Hungarian border. Acting on the left flank of the corps, in cooperation with other parts of the corps, he captured several cities and took part in the battles to capture the capital of Austria, the city of Vienna.
On April 23, 1945, the regiment was relieved by units of the 4th Guards Army and taken to rest on the outskirts of the city of Vienna.
On May 5, 1945, the regiment entered the territory of Czechoslovakia with a forced march and participated in the encirclement and defeat of a significant group of Germans.
On May 11, 1945, the regiment went to the banks of the Vltava River (Czechoslovakia), where it met with American troops. Here the combat path of the unit in the Great Patriotic War ended.
During the fighting, the regiment killed 1956, captured 633 enemy soldiers and officers, destroyed 26 tanks, 255 self-propelled guns and guns of various calibers, 11 armored personnel carriers, 1 aircraft and 18 enemy vehicles. 10 tanks, 16 self-propelled guns and guns of various calibers, 3 aircraft, 4 armored personnel carriers, 115 vehicles, 37 warehouses with military equipment were captured.
From June 1945 to November 1979, the regiment (brigade) did not take part in campaigns, battles, or operations.
1979 opened new page V combat way connections: Soviet troops entered Afghanistan to provide military assistance to the Afghan government in the fight against rebel gangs.
December 28, 1979 4th dshb brigade As part of the 40th Army, he was introduced into the territory of Afghanistan with the task of guarding and defending the Salang Pass and the Salange-Somalia tunnel to ensure the advance of Soviet troops into the southern regions of Afghanistan.
In January 1980, the entire brigade was introduced into the territory of Afghanistan. It is deployed in the area of the city of Kunduz, leading fighting throughout Afghanistan.
During the period from January 1980 to December 1981, about 3000 rebels, 3 guns, 6 mortars, 12 cars, 44 pillboxes were destroyed during the fighting. More than 400 rebels were captured, more than 600 infantry units were captured.
From December 1 to December 5, 1981, the brigade was relocated to the area of the city of Gardez, from where it continued to conduct military operations throughout Afghanistan.
During the period from January 1982 to June 1988, about 10,000 rebels, over 40 fortified areas and strongholds, more than 200 guns, rocket launchers and mortars, 47 vehicles, 83 pillboxes, 208 warehouses with military equipment, were destroyed during the fighting. 45 caravans. Over 1000 rebels captured, over 1200 units captured small arms and grenade launchers, about 40 guns and mortars, 7 vehicles, 2 tanks, 85 warehouses with military equipment.
From June 12 to June 14, 1988, the brigade, after fulfilling its international duty, returned to its homeland.
For the successful completion of combat missions, many paratroopers were awarded government awards from the Soviet government and the leadership of the Republic of Afghanistan, and the commander of the paratrooper company of the guard, Senior Lieutenant Sergey Pavlovich Kozlov, was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union.
From July 1988 to December 1989, the brigade did not take part in campaigns, battles, or operations.
During 1990, the brigade performed special tasks in the conditions state of emergency: from January 12 to March 26 - to maintain order in the cities of Baku, Meghri, Lankaran, Kurdamir of the Azerbaijan SSR; from June 5 to August 21 - to maintain order in the city of Uzgen, Kirghiz SSR.
From September 1990 to November 1994, the brigade did not take part in campaigns, battles, or operations.
From December 11, 1994 to October 25, 1996, the battalion tactical group of the brigade carried out combat missions to restore constitutional order in Chechen Republic.
From November 1996 to July 1999, the brigade (regiment) did not take part in campaigns, battles, or operations.
From August 1999 to June 2000, the regiment, and from June 2000 to November 2004, the battalion tactical group of the regiment carried out combat missions during the counter-terrorist operation in the Chechen Republic.
For courage and heroism shown in the performance of combat missions, three servicemen of the unit were awarded the title of Hero Russian Federation:
part-commander reconnaissance company Guards Sergeant Yury Vornovskoy (posthumously);
Deputy Commander of the Airborne Battalion of the Guards, Major Cherepanov Alexander Leonidovich;
the commander of the reconnaissance company of the guard, Captain Petrov Sergey Vasilievich.
From November 2004 to the present, the regiment (brigade) has not taken part in campaigns, battles, or operations.
III. AWARDS AND DIFFERENCES
The name "Guards", previously assigned to the 351st rifle regiment, when it was reorganized into the 351st landing airborne regiment, it was also retained for this regiment.
By order of the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces No. 034 dated November 21, 1984, the brigade was awarded the challenge Red Banner of the Military Council of the Ground Forces for high results in combat and political training and strengthening military discipline.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 4, 1985, for great merits in the armed defense of the Socialist Motherland, successes in combat and political training, and in connection with the 40th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the brigade was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree.
By order of the Minister of Defense of the USSR No. 0139 of July 11, 1990 for courage and military prowess shown in the performance of tasks of the Soviet government and the Minister of Defense of the USSR, the brigade was awarded the Pennant of the Minister of Defense of the USSR.
By Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 353-17 of April 22, 1994, the brigade was given the name Don Cossack.
IV. DISPOCATION CHANGES
From January to March 1945 - metro Starye Dorogi of the Byelorussian SSR (Belarusian Military District).
From March to June 1945 - Pisek, Czechoslovakia.
From June 1945 to January 1946 - Budapest, Hungary.
From March to May 1946 - the city of Teikovo (Obolsunovo camp) of the Ivanovo Region (Moscow Military District).
From May to October 1946 - camp Tesnitskoye Tula region(Moscow military district).
From October 1946 to August 1960 - the city of Efremov, Tula Region (Moscow Military District).
From August 1960 to December 1979 - the city of Chirchik, Tashkent region of the Uzbek SSR (Turkestan military district).
From December 1979 to January 1980 - the Kokaity airfield of the Jarkurgan district of the Surkhan-Darya region of the Uzbek SSR (40th army).
From January 1980 to December 1981 - Kunduz airfield, DRA (40th Army).
From December 1981 to June 1988 - the city of Gardez, DRA (40th Army).
From June 1988 to October 1992 - the city of Iolotan, Mary region of the Turkmen SSR (Turkestan military district, Airborne Forces).
From October 1992 to June 1993 - art. Zelenchukskaya, Karachay-Cherkessia (VDV).
From June 1993 to August 1998 - the city of Volgodonsk, Rostov Region (VDV, North Caucasian Military District).
From August 1998 to the present - Kamyshin Volgograd region(North Caucasian Military District).
The main purpose of light air assault brigade- combined arms reserve. To increase mobility and speed of movement, the brigade has been completely re-equipped with vehicles. The main method of movement is the transfer of personnel and light weapons by air (helicopters), while equipment arrives under its own power. In the presence of a sufficient number of heavy helicopters, the transfer of equipment by air is also possible. In particular, this method of transportation was practiced in 2008 during exercises at the Ashuluk training ground, when GAZ-66 vehicles and D-30 howitzers were transferred to Mi-26s.
The issue of giving helicopters to the brigade is being worked out.
The main type of equipment - UAZ cars
In this case - model 315108 based on Hunter. Machines delivered in August 2010
In "winter clothes"
UAZ-3152 "Hussar" is also in service.
This car was produced in 2006, in the 56th brigade since the winter of 2010 (before that it was operated in the 22nd special forces brigade)
On asphalt, the car eats 18 liters of 92nd gasoline per 100 km, off-road - 23-25 liters
There were no complaints about the permeability
At the autodrome
205-horse Toyota engine under the hood
The engine is covered with such armor plates. Front - armored blinds. The tank is also armored.
Inside view
The roof is very ascetic and shines with bare foam
Landing squad. According to the state, there should be 5 troops and 1 driver in the car
I traveled several kilometers in the troop compartment of the Hussar and have great sympathy for the soldiers whose vehicle it is. Firstly, because of the machine gunner’s platform, one or two paratroopers have to sit like this
You can sit sideways in the direction of travel, but then you need to lean with your back on a friend. Secondly, with my height of 180 cm, I either had to hunch over and bend down, or my head turned out to be in pursuit of the "tower", and in the presence of a spinning machine gun, this is fraught with injuries. I think from the legs of the machine gunner, who will spin around, the legs and eggs of the landing will also not be good
Thirdly, of course, there is a stove in the car, but in reality it warms only the people sitting in front (driver, commander), the rest are quite cool. Not least because of the doors in motion noticeably blowing. The gaps between the awning and the roof are also a good source of drafts, and in the dry season - dust.
Fourthly, we recall that in addition to people in the car, it is also necessary to transport their property, i.e. 6 duffel bags, entrenching tool, tent, etc.
It is possible to install three types of weapons - an automatic grenade launcher of the AGS-17 type, a 6P50 "Kord" machine gun or a PKP "Pecheneg" machine gun
In the foreground is the turret under the Kord. Sections for machine gun boxes are provided under the seats
Mounts for various equipment and weapons are provided on the back door, but the first row of belts falls just at the level of the seats and rests against them, so it’s completely incomprehensible to me what can be placed there.
The side doors are equipped with folding windows, so that in the summer you can ride with a breeze, and if you wish, you can fire
To replace unarmored UAZ vehicles, protected vehicles should be supplied to the brigade. If earlier IVECO 65E19WM was planned for this, now it seems that the scales have tipped in favor of domestic "Tigers".
In 2011, the brigade underwent experimental military operation of 10 Scorpio-LSHA vehicles of the Zashchita corporation
The car is 40 cm wider than a regular UAZ, it has an independent suspension. It eats 13 liters of diesel fuel per 100 km on asphalt and about 17 liters off-road. The driver on a 5-point scale rated the cross-country ability as a solid four. He especially noted that it goes very smoothly on the road, especially when the troops are sitting behind, it does not fly on potholes like an UAZ.
Engine armor, like the "Hussar", the car does not have
Inside view.
At the commander's seat there is an opportunity to install a radio station in front, etc. equipment, there is an analogue of a table lamp. If necessary, the frame, together with the windshield, leans back onto the hood and you can fire directly in the direction of travel
For landing, the tailgate leans back
Step
The vehicle can accommodate 7 troops and 1 driver. One of the paratroopers, due to the placement of a spare wheel in the cabin, sits in the direction of travel. Seat belts for paratroopers are not provided.
I suggest changing the upholstery of the seats right away, because. in the driver's seat, after two or three months of operation, it simply rubbed off (see the view below)
This instance of the machine-gun turret is not installed, there is only a shoulder strap for it. I don’t quite understand what the machine gunner will stand on, either on the reclining back of his seat (will there be supports from below?), Or will there be a separate platform, but this is again a wild inconvenience for the rest of the paratroopers
Inside view on video
No automatic tire inflation
Side door
Let me remind you once again that the car was undergoing trial operation, the task of which was to identify shortcomings, which would then be corrected. One of the main problems is the awning: cool in winter and dusty in summer. At the beginning of this year, the next batch of Scorpion hard-top vehicles is expected to be delivered to the brigade for trial operation. What specific model it will be, they could not tell me.
Almost all of the brigade's vehicles are new, received in 2009-2010.
KAMAZ-5350 with a set of additional protection
Staff vehicle based on KAMAZ-5350
With staff trailer for officers' rest
The interior of the headquarters module
Camp trailer for recreation
On the left side of the entrance is a washbasin.
Technical assistance vehicle MTP-A2
Repair and mechanical workshop MRM-MZR
Car in the foreground Maintenance MTO-AM
Very interesting material about changes in the composition of the 56th separate guards airborne assault brigade of the Russian Airborne Forces, stationed in Kamyshin (Volgograd region). Characteristic of the new composition of the brigade: reconnaissance battalion(mainly on BTR-82), airborne assault battalion on BMD-2, airborne assault battalion on BMP-2, airborne assault battalion on UAZ-3163 vehicles.
Original taken from a colleague twower in Rearmament of the 56th brigade
The battalion of the 56th Separate Guards Airborne Assault Brigade of the Russian Airborne Forces equipped with BMD-2 airborne combat vehicles on the march during a sudden check of the combat readiness of the troops of the Central Military District, September 2015 (c) Russian Ministry of Defense
*****
... in the 13th year, again, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, decided to return, in particular, the 83rd Ussuri Guards Airborne Assault Brigade, the 11th located in Ulan-Ude, also an airborne assault brigade. And the 56th Guards Airborne Assault Brigade, part of the Airborne Forces. All organizational and staffing activities were carried out in accordance with the established procedure, the commissions of the Airborne Forces, these formations dispersed, the commission brigade was accepted into the Airborne Forces, and from now on I will speak primarily for my 56th Guards Airborne Assault Brigade. We have begun a new stage of development, we began to receive new types of equipment, weapons, as I said, in 1914 the first thing we received was a battalion on the BMD-2. The line of GAZ 66 and Ural 4320 cars, which are morally obsolete, was completely replaced by the new Kamaz, the Mustang family. Due to the fact that the Kamaz concern has ample opportunities and a large product line, it was able to fully satisfy the requirement of the State Defense Order of the Ministry of Defense, and supply to our unit both special vehicles of the armed forces and services based on the Kamaz 5350, and airborne vehicles, including vehicles with enhanced armor protection. The experience of participating in local armed conflicts showed the need to create military units and formations of the Airborne Forces of new units, and rearmament of existing ones. The Ministry of Defense, and the command of the Airborne Forces, it was decided to make serious changes to the staff of our unit in 2016. A reconnaissance battalion was re-formed in the 56th brigade, which was promptly armed with latest designs weapons and military equipment. The modern BTR 82 AM, A1 snowmobiles, AM1 all-terrain vehicles are unique vehicles that are primarily intended for reconnaissance officers, allowing them to perform reconnaissance missions with high mobility in difficult terrain. In addition, in the 16th year, the 2nd Airborne Assault Battalion also moved from the UAZ 3151 to the modernized BMP-2 infantry fighting vehicles. That significantly increased the combat potential of the brigade. At the moment, according to the rearmament plan, we expect the delivery of new UAZ 3163 vehicles, this is to the third air assault battalion, instead of the UAZ 3151. You all know such a car, the "Patriot", we will also have a pickup truck in addition to everything, which will ensure the battalion's maneuverability, respectively, both when loading into aviation transport, and when performing raid tasks, and, accordingly, maneuvers. All this is directly related to the tasks that our team performs. The re-equipment also affected the existing command and control units, in particular, we are receiving new Andromeda-D complexes for the command and control company. These tools allow specialists to ensure high maneuverability of command posts, and in the shortest possible time to provide all types of communications to control subordinate units, as well as conduct electronic intelligence, and automatic detection coordinates of radio emission. In addition, we are receiving new means of communication, these are radio stations such as Azart, which are designed to exchange information in real time, under various conditions. Including in the northern, mountainous, desert areas, wooded areas, between ground and air, and marine facilities. The main advantages of this radio station are portability, versatility, the ability to work in relay mode, satellite navigation, the exchange of navigation information, in geographic and rectangular coordinate systems. Ability to display a map of the area, directly in the radio station. Determination of the location of subscribers and correspondents on it, file exchange, as well as transmission text messages in real time.
For the reconnaissance unit, we have in service the reconnaissance complex of the Sagittarius communications department. Which, as part of modern military equipment, is a unique product of military equipment, and the main control system of the Ratnik combat equipment complex for military personnel.
How do we train these soldiers? It's no secret that this is all new, representatives of factories that directly develop this equipment come to us. And together with us, I personally study, and my soldiers study, conduct classes with us. We train instructors, and then, accordingly, the smart one teaches the illiterate, and so on. If it is not enough to consult the representatives of the plant, then we have a warranty period when a representative of the plant always comes to us, provides additional assistance, advises, and if necessary, we leave for the plant for training.
And I would like to boast to you about the means of electronic warfare, that, in particular, the means of electronic warfare are currently very serious coming into service. And it's no secret that our partners on the other side also have them. But at the moment I can boast that we are much stronger than them. With the arrival of new types of electronic warfare equipment, the range of tasks to be solved by the brigade has significantly expanded. It became possible to create interference with optoelectronic means of reconnaissance and aiming. The range of reconnaissance and suppressed frequencies has expanded, including frequencies with adaptive and program frequency tuning. Last year, retraining was carried out in full strength of the company of the electronic warfare brigade, on the basis of an interspecific training center combat use EW troops in Tambov. My company left in full strength, studied for new models, and now we have received the latest samples.
Well, the basics ... Accordingly, I have such a multifunctional electronic warfare complex Infauna. This is the latest complex that provides group protection against being hit by radio-controlled mine-explosive devices. This is a very serious machine that we have already used in the exercises, and we will (inaudible).
Or here's another car that we recently received, "Light KU" is called. This is a mobile means of radio control and protection of information from leakage through technical channels of wireless communication. This complex allows you to effectively solve the main tasks of technical control of the troops of military facilities, weapons of military equipment. It allows you to completely block all communication, at a distance, let's say 60 kilometers from this complex, and also control it if necessary.
The company of electronic warfare is constantly engaged in combat training, we are trying to influence our own means on our own means, this is successful, and we practice it constantly.
My brigade is currently staffed by almost 70% of military personnel under the contract.
And I will say, if we take 1996, 1997 - the recruits who came to serve, and who are now going to serve, these are two different contingents, absolutely. First of all, our conscripts who are entering now, they are… I am not afraid of this word, they are more educated. From my call, about 40% have an average professional education which, in fact, was not always the case before. And I will say that people's eyes burn from the word Airborne Forces, they want to become strong, strong, learn what the senior call has.
The strike unit, I will briefly give some definition, is the most combat-ready unit. It has a number of relevant criteria. First, in the shock unit combat training should be carried out at a high methodological level, and, accordingly, the results should be at least good. In addition, the personnel of the shock subunits, they must be disciplined, in the shock subdivision, crimes, any kind of accidents, losses, shortages are never allowed. In addition, the strike unit must be 100% equipped with equipment, weapons, and supplies of materiel. In accordance with the order Commander of the Airborne Forces, my first parachute battalion was presented to this high name "shock", and the commission of the general staff just a month and a half ago it was checked, where the chief of the general staff was asked to consider our battalion as a shock battalion. Therefore, I hope that some kind of document will be released in the near future, and we will congratulate the battalion commander with the honorary title of “shock”, with the assignment.
Unfortunately, in last years in the program "Military Council", the invited military 99% of the time talked about showers, bonuses for physio, the desire of conscripts to serve, recruitment for a contract and all that pile of competitions that were hung on all types and types of troops. The conversations were similar to each other like twins, not differing in informativeness. Thanks to the Guards Colonel Valitov for being able to go beyond the "mandatory program".
56th Separate Guards Airborne Assault Red Banner Brigade, Orders of Kutuzov and the Patriotic War (56th Guards ODShBr) — military formationground forces USSR Armed Forces , Ground Forces Russian Armed Forces and Russian Airborne Forces. happy birthday formation is June 11, 1943, when they were formed 7th and 17th guards airborne brigades.Battle path during the Great Patriotic War
On 4th Ukrainian Front A strong grouping of the Airborne Forces was deployed as part of the 4th, 6th and 7th Guards Airborne Brigades. It was planned to be used during the liberation of the Crimea.
In December 1943, the 4th and 7th Guards Airborne Brigades were redeployed to Moscow Military District.
On January 15, 1944, in accordance with the order of the commander of the Red Army Airborne Forces No. 00100 of December 26, 1943, in the city of Stupino, Moscow Region, on the basis of the 4th, 7th and 17th separate guards airborne brigades (the brigades were stationed in the city of Stupino). Vostryakovo, Vnukovo, Stupino) was formed 16th Guards Airborne Division. There were 12,000 people in the state division.
In August 1944, the division was redeployed to the city of Starye Dorogi. Mogilev region and on August 9, 1944 became part of the newly formed 38th Guards Airborne Corps. In October 1944, the 38th Guards Airborne Corps became part of the newly formed Separate Guards Airborne Army.
On December 8, 1944, the army was reorganized into 9th Guards Army, the 38th Guards Airborne Corps became the Guards Rifle Corps.
by order Headquarters of the Supreme Commander No. 0047 dated December 18, 1944. The 16th Guards Airborne Division was reorganized into 106th Guards Rifle Division 38th Guards rifle corps. The 4th Guards Airborne Brigade was reorganized into the 347th Guards Rifle Regiment, the 7th Guards Airborne Brigade into the 351st Guards Rifle Regiment, and the 17th Guards Airborne Brigade into the 355th Guards Airborne Brigade. 1st Guards Rifle Regiment.
The 106th Guards Rifle Division included:
- 347th Guards Rifle Regiment;
- 351st Guards Rifle Regiment;
- 356th Guards Rifle Regiment;
- 107th Separate Guards Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion;
- 193rd Separate Guards Communications Battalion;
- 123rd separate guards anti-tank division;
- 139th separate guards sapper battalion;
- 113th separate guards reconnaissance company;
- 117th separate guards chemical company;
- 234th Separate Guards Medical Battalion.
The 57th artillery brigade of three regiments was also introduced into the division:
- 205th cannon artillery regiment;
- 28th howitzer artillery regiment;
- 53rd mortar regiment.
In January 1945, the division, as part of the 38th Guards Rifle Corps, relocated along railway to Hungary, by February 26 concentrated east of the city of Budapest in the area: Szolnok - Abon - Soyal - Teriel and in early March became part of 3rd Ukrainian Front.
March 16, 1945, breaking through the German defenses, 351st Guards Rifle Regiment went to the Austro-Hungarian border.
In March-April 1945, the division participated in Vienna operation, advancing in the direction of the main blow of the front. The division, in cooperation with formations of the 4th Guards Army, broke through the enemy defenses north of the city of Szekesfehervar, went to the flank and rear of the main forces 6th SS Panzer Army, wedged into the defense of the front troops between the lakes Velence and Balaton. In early April, the division struck in a northwestern direction around Vienna and, in cooperation with the 6th Guards Tank Army, broke the enemy’s resistance, advanced to the Danube and cut off the enemy’s retreat to the west. The division successfully fought in the city, which continued until April 13.
Decree Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 03/29/1945 for participation in the defeat of eleven enemy divisions southwest of Budapest and the capture of the city of Mor, the division was awarded Order of Kutuzov II degree.
For breaking through the fortified defense line and capturing the city of More, all personnel received gratitude Supreme Commander.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 04/26/1945 "for participation in the capture of the city of Vienna" the division was awarded Order of the Red Banner. Since then, April 26 has been considered the unit's annual holiday.
During Vienna operation The division fought more than 300 kilometers. On some days, the rate of its advance reached 25-30 kilometers per day.
From May 5 to May 11, 1945, the division as part of the troops 2nd Ukrainian Front took part in Prague offensive operation .
On May 5, the division was alerted and marched to the Austro-Czechoslovak border. Coming into contact with the enemy, on May 8, she crossed the border of Czechoslovakia and captured the city of Znojmo on the move.
On May 9, the division continued combat operations in pursuit of the enemy and successfully developed the offensive on Retz, Pisek. The division made a march, pursuing the enemy, and in 3 days fought 80-90 km. At 12.00 on May 11, 1945, the advance detachment of the division reached the Vltava River and met with the troops of the American army near the village of Oleshnya. 5th Panzer Army. Here the combat path of the division in the Great Patriotic War ended.
History 1945-1979
At the end of hostilities, the division from Czechoslovakia returned to Hungary under its own power. From May 1945 to January 1946 the division was encamped in the woods south of Budapest.
On the basis of the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 1154474ss dated June 3, 1946 and the directive General Staff Armed Forces of the USSR No. org / 2 / 247225 dated 06/07/1946 by June 15, 1946, the 106th Guards Red Banner Rifle Division, Order of Kutuzov, was reorganized into 106th Guards Airborne Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Division.
From July 1946, the division was stationed in the city of Tula. The division was part of the 38th Guards Airborne Vienna Corps (corps headquarters - Tula).
Based on the directives of the Chief of the General Staff Armed Forces September 3, 1948 and January 21, 1949 106th Guards Airborne Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Division As part of the 38th Guards Airborne Corps of Vienna, it became part of the Airborne Army.
In April 1953, the airborne army was disbanded.
On the basis of the directive of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces dated January 21, 1955, by April 25, 1955, the 106th Guards Airborne Division withdrew from the 38th Guards Airborne Vienna Corps, which was disbanded, and moved to a new staff of three regimental composition with a cropped battalion (incomplete) in each parachute regiment.
From the disbanded 11th Guards Airborne Division part 106th Guards Airborne Division was accepted 137th Guards Airborne Regiment. The point of deployment is the city of Ryazan.
The personnel participated in military parades on Red Square in Moscow, took part in large exercises of the Ministry of Defense and in 1955 landed near the city of Kutaisi (Transcaucasian Military District).
IN In 1956, the 38th Guards Airborne Viennese Corps was disbanded and the division became directly subordinate to the commander of the Airborne Forces.
IN In 1957, the regiment conducted demonstration exercises with landing for the military delegations of Yugoslavia and India.
Based on the directives of the Minister of Defense of the USSR of March 18, 1960 and the Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces of June 7, 1960 to November 1, 1960:
- to composition from composition 106th Guards Airborne Red Banner Order of Kutuzov Division was accepted 351st Guards Airborne Regiment(city of Efremov, Tula region);
- (without the 331st Guards Airborne Regiment) was relocated to Turkestan military district to the city of Fergana, Uzbek SSR;
- The 351st Guards Airborne Regiment was stationed in the city of Chirchik Tashkent region.
In 1961 after earthquakes in Tashkent personnel of the 351st Guards Parachute Regiment assisted the residents of the city affected by the disaster, helped the local authorities in maintaining order.
In 1974 351st Guards Parachute Regiment landing in one of the regions Central Asia and participates in large-scale TurkVO exercises. Being the cutting edge part of the Airborne Forces Central Asian region of the country, the regiment participates in parades in the capital of Uzbekistan in Tashkent.
Based on the directive of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of August 3, 1979 to December 1, 1979 105th Guards Airborne Division was disbanded.
From the division remained in the city of Fergana 345th Separate Guards Airborne Order of Suvorov Regiment much larger composition (to it was added howitzer artillery battalion) than normal and 115th Separate Military Transport Aviation Squadron. The rest of the personnel of the division turned to replenish the shortfall in other airborne formations and to resupply the newly formed airborne assault brigades.
On the base 351st Guards Airborne Regiment 105th Guards Airborne Vienna Red Banner Division in the village of Azadbash (district of the city of Chirchik) Tashkent region Uzbek SSR was formed 56th Separate Guards Air Assault Brigade.
To form a brigade, they were urgently mobilized military reserve- the so-called "partisans" - from among the inhabitants of the Central Asian republics and the south of the Kazakh SSR. They will subsequently make up 80% of the personnel of the brigade when troops enter the DRA.
The formation of brigade units was simultaneously carried out in 4 mobilization points and completed in Termez:
Wars, stories, facts.:
“... Formally, the brigade is considered to be formed in Chirchik on the basis of the 351st Guards PDP. However, de facto, its formation was carried out separately in four centers (Chirchik, Kapchagay, Fergana, Iolotan), and brought together into a single whole just before entering Afghanistan in Termez. The headquarters of the brigade (or officer cadre), as formally its cadre, apparently was originally stationed in Chirchik ... "
On December 13, 1979, units of the brigade plunged into trains and were redeployed to the city of Termez, Uzbek SSR.
Participation in Afghan war
In December 1979, the brigade was put into Democratic Republic Afghanistan and joined the 40th Combined Arms Army.
On the morning of December 25, 1979, he was the first to be transported to the territory of the DRA 781st separate reconnaissance battalion 108 msd. He followed him 4th air assault battalion (4th dshb) 56th Guards ODSHBR, who was tasked with protecting the Salang pass.
From Termez 1st pdb and 2nd dshb by helicopters, and the rest in the convoy - were relocated to the city of Kunduz. 4th dshb stayed at the Salang Pass. Then from Kunduz 2nd dshb was transferred to the city of Kandahar, where he became part of the newly formed 70th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade.
In January 1980, the entire composition was introduced 56th Guards Brigade. She was stationed in the city of Kunduz.
Since the transfer of the 2nd dshb in the 70th Ogmsbr, the brigade was actually a regiment of three battalions.
The initial task of the brigade units was to guard and defend the largest highway in the Salang Pass area, to ensure the advance of Soviet troops into the central and southern regions of Afghanistan.
From 1982 to June 1988 56th Guards. ODSHBR deployed in the region of the city of Gardez, conducting military operations throughout Afghanistan: Bagram, Mazar-i-Sharif, Khanabad, Panjshir, Logar, Aliheil (Paktia). In 1984, the brigade was awarded the challenge Red Banner of the TurkVO for the successful completion of combat missions.
By order of 1985, in the middle of 1986, all standard airborne armored vehicles of the brigade (BMD-1 and BTR-D) were replaced with more protected armored vehicles with a large motor resource:
- BMP-2D - for reconnaissance company, 2nd, 3rd And 4th battalion
- BTR-70 - for 2nd And 3rd Airborne Company 1st battalion (at 1st pdr remained BRDM-2).
Also a feature of the brigade was an increased staff artillery division, which did not consist of 3 firing batteries, as was customary for units stationed on the territory of the USSR, but of 5.
On May 4, 1985, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the brigade was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree, No. 56324698.
From December 16, 1987 to the end of January 1988, the brigade took part in Operation "Magistral". In April 1988, the brigade took part in Operation Barrier. The paratroopers blocked the caravan routes from Pakistan in order to ensure the withdrawal of troops from the city of Ghazni.
Staffing strength 56th Guards ODSHBR on December 1, 1986, it was 2452 people (261 officers, 109 ensigns, 416 sergeants, 1666 soldiers).
After fulfilling the international duty, on June 12-14, 1988, the brigade was withdrawn to the city of Yolotan, Turkmen SSR.
BRDM-2 in the brigade there were only 3 units. as part of the reconnaissance. However, another BRDM-2 was in the chemical platoon and 2 more. in the OPA (propaganda and agitation detachment).
1989 to present
In 1990, the brigade was reorganized into a separate airborne brigade (OVDBR). The brigade passed "hot spots": Afghanistan (12.1979-07.1988), Baku (12-19.01.1990 - 02.1990), Sumgayit, Nakhichevan, Meghri, Julfa, Osh, Fergana, Uzgen (06.06.1990), Chechnya (12.94-10.96, Grozny, Pervomaisky, Argun and since 09.1999).
On January 15, 1990, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, after a detailed study of the situation, adopted a decision "On declaring a state of emergency in the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Region and some other regions." In accordance with it, the Airborne Forces began the operation, which was carried out in two stages. At the first stage, from January 12 to 19, units of the 106th and 76th airborne divisions, the 56th and 38th airborne brigades and 217th Airborne Regiment(for more details, see the article Black January), and in Yerevan - 98th Guards Airborne Division. 39th separate air assault brigade entered into Nagorno-Karabakh.
From January 23 airborne units began operations to restore order in other parts of Azerbaijan. In the area of Lankaran, Priship and Jalilabad they were carried out jointly with border troops who restored the state border.
In February 1990, the brigade returned to the place of permanent deployment.
From March to August 1990, units of the brigade maintained order in the cities of Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.
On June 6, 1990, the landing at the airfields in the cities of Ferghana and Osh of the 104th parachute regiment of the 76th airborne division, 56th airborne brigade, and on June 8 - 137th Airborne Regiment 106th Airborne Division in the city of Frunze. Having made a march on the same day through the mountain passes of the border of the two republics, the paratroopers occupied Osh and Uzgen. The next day 387th Separate Airborne Regiment and divisions 56th Airborne Brigade took control of the situation in the area of the cities of Andijan, Jalal-Abad, occupied Kara-Suu, mountain roads and passes throughout the conflict.
In October 1992, in connection with the sovereignization of the republics of the former Soviet Socialist Republic, the brigade was redeployed to the village of Zelenchukskaya in Karachay-Cherekessia. From where it marched to the place of permanent deployment in the village of Podgori near the city of Volgodonsk, Rostov Region. The territory of the military camp was a former shift camp of the builders of the Rostov nuclear power plant, located 3 kilometers from the nuclear power plant.
From December 1994 to August-October 1996, the combined battalion of the brigade fought in Chechnya. On November 29, 1994, an order was sent to the brigade to form a combined battalion and transfer it to Mozdok. The artillery division of the brigade took part in late 1995 - early 1996 in the operation near Shatoi. A separate platoon of the AGS-17 brigade from March 1995 to September 1995, as part of the consolidated battalion of the 7th Guards Airborne Division, took part in a mining company in the Vedeno and Shatoi districts of Chechnya. For their courage and heroism, the servicemen were awarded medals and orders. In October-November 1996, the combined battalion of the brigade was withdrawn from Chechnya.
In 1997, the brigade was reorganized into 56th Guards Air Assault Red Banner Order of Kutuzov and World War II Regiment, which is included in the .
In July 1998, by order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, in connection with the resumption of the construction of the Rostov NPP, the regiment began redeployment to the city of Kamyshin, Volgograd Region. The regiment was stationed in the buildings of the Kamyshin Higher Military Construction Command and Engineering School, which was disbanded in 1998.
On August 19, 1999, an air assault detachment from the regiment was sent to reinforce the combined regiment 20th Guards Motor Rifle Division and was sent by a letter military echelon to the Republic of Dagestan. On August 20, 1999, the air assault detachment arrived in the village of Botlikh. Later he took part in hostilities in the Republic of Dagestan and the Chechen Republic. The battalion tactical group of the regiment fought in the North Caucasus (the place of deployment is Khankala).
In December 1999, units of the regiment and the DShMG FPS covered the Chechen section of the Russian-Georgian border.
From May 1, 2009 56th Guards Air Assault Regiment became a brigade again. And from July 1, 2010, she moved to a new state and became known as the 56th separate guards airborne assault brigade of the Red Banner, Orders of Kutuzov and the Patriotic War (light).
Brigade reassignment
In connection with the reform of the Airborne Forces, all airborne assault formations were withdrawn from the Ground Forces and subordinated to the Directorate of the Airborne Forces under the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation:
“In accordance with Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 776 dated October 11, 2013 and the directive of the Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, the Airborne Troops included three airborne assault brigades stationed in the cities of Ussuriysk, Ulan-Ude and Kamyshin, formerly part of the Eastern and Southern military districts "
— Business Newspaper "Vzglyad"
From the indicated date, the 56th Guards. ODSHBR is located in composition of the Airborne Forces RF.
Brigade battle banner
Between September 1979 and autumn 2013, as battle banner used battle banner 351st Guards Airborne Regiment 105th Guards Vienna Airborne Division on which it was based.
During this period, the fourth renaming of the part took place:
- V 1979 to the 56th Separate Guards Airborne Assault Red Banner Brigade, Orders of Kutuzov and World War II
- V 1990 to the 56th Separate Guards Airborne Red Banner Brigade, Orders of Kutuzov and World War II.
- V 1997 in the 56th Guards Airborne Assault Red Banner, Orders of Kutuzov and the Patriotic War Regiment
- V 2010 again in the 56th separate guards airborne assault brigade of the Red Banner, orders of Kutuzov and World War II.
Commanders of the 56th Separate Guards Airborne Assault Red Banner Brigade, Orders of Kutuzov and World War II
- Bad, Alexander Petrovich- 1980-1981, commander 351st Guards PDP since October 1976
- Karpushkin, Mikhail Alexandrovich - 1981-1982
- Sukhin, Victor Arsentievich - 1982-1983
- Chizhikov, Victor Matveevich - 1983-1985
- Raevsky, Vitaly Anatolievich - 1985-1987
- Evnevich, Valery Gennadievich - 1987-1990
- Sotnik, Alexander Alekseevich - 1990-1995
- Mishanin, Sergey Valentinovich - 1995-1996
- Stepanenko Rustam Alievich - 1996-1997
- Timofeev, Igor Borisovich
- Lebedev, Alexander Vitalievich - 2012-2014
- Valitov, Alexander Khusainovich- August 2014-present
Personnel of the 56th Guards. ODSHBR
- Leonid Vasilyevich Khabarov- commander 4th Air Assault Battalion from the moment the brigade was formed until April 1980. Chief of staff brigade from October 1984 to September 1985.
- Evnevich, Valery Gennadievich Chief of staff brigades 1986-1987, and since 1987 - brigade commander.
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“At the end of March 1980, I received an order to prepare my air assault battalion (dshb) for combat operations in Panjshir. The battalion then stood between Jabal-us-Siraj (exit from the south - to the Salang pass, from the east - to Panjshir) and Charikar.
The task was set for the battalion: to pass along the valley to the last village of the Panjshir gorge, which is under the control of the field commander Ahmad Shah, and return back. He was also called Masud (fortunate), but I learned about this much later. I was then struck by the very formulation of the task - not to capture and stay, holding this territory with settlements, mines, residents, but to come and go. "Who will come after me?" I asked myself and could not find an answer. And according to the logic of things, after all, someone had to come to the territory cleared of the enemy, be it our internal troops or units of government troops - our allies. Perhaps these will be coalition forces capable of holding the territory of Panjshir and establishing new order? Let them leave the gorge to me as a battalion commander, and I would already begin to think about how to take and hold it, establish a peaceful life for people, organize communications, supplies, and most importantly, to isolate it from the Mujahideen. And I need to minimize the loss of my soldiers. So I reasoned then, naively believing that our leadership is wise and will provide for all measures to consolidate the actions of the troops, since it was decided to carry out such an operation. However, as time has shown, I was deeply mistaken about the wisdom of my leadership.
The battalion has already encountered in Afghanistan how to organize and conduct defense in the mountains with small units and inflict significant losses on the enemy, we have already experienced this in our own skin, since we were the first to enter and were attacked by the Mujahideen. Several months of previous work in the mountains at Salanga also gave us all some experience - from a soldier to a battalion commander.
Advisor to the commander stationed in Jabal-us-Siraj infantry regiment government forces lieutenant colonel Nosov Mikhail Fedorovich oriented me that the work for the battalion, albeit an air assault, but without reinforcement, without the support of artillery, aviation and special forces, would be extremely dangerous and hot. In the gorge, a number of bridges have been blown up or prepared for blowing up, roads are mined. There are blockages on the roads, which are also mined. Mountain passes are undermined in many places. Movement in most of the valley is possible only on horseback, on foot, or at best in some places on UAZs. Emerald is mined in the gorge, there is gold, however, of low standard. Here are all the initial data that I knew at that time.
It took about a week to prepare for the operation. We studied maps of the combat area (Panjshir Gorges), collected information about the enemy and the terrain. We made a decision on military operations and organized planned preparations for them. Conducted reconnaissance, prepared equipment and weapons, created the necessary supplies.
Although the battalion commander did not share his revelations with his subordinates, the officers and soldiers understood that the work would probably be one of the most serious and difficult. A general nervous prelaunch excitement reigned.
A day before going to the "combat" I gave the battalion a rest, except for those who were in combat guards. Dress code - with a naked torso, to soak up, sunbathe under the already gaining strength of the mountainous Afghan March sun. But the weapon, as usual, was with him - this is an integral part of every warrior, always and everywhere.
On the last day before leaving, a general meeting was held in one of the hollows where the battalion was located. Everyone was preparing internally for a difficult and extremely serious battle. They understood that the ways of the Lord are inscrutable.
But I had no doubts about my guys. The most severe punishment in the battalion for each of them was the deprivation of the opportunity to participate in the upcoming hostilities. I remember in preparation for the operation junior sergeant Movchan was told that he had been suspended from entering the fighting (someone had to guard the camp). He comes up to me on the eve of the exit and says: “Comrade captain, don’t take me, I’ll shoot myself.” I had to take it, but, unfortunately, he became the very first to die in this operation near Bazarak (one of the villages in Panjshir). So don't believe in fate after that.
In the period of preparation for the operation, I came to the conclusion that if you believe the characterization of Ahmad Shah, he is a smart, tough, prudent, prudent commander, he must have good agents at all levels. This means that he will be aware of all our plans in advance. Something had to be done to mislead him. I again began to study the map of the upcoming hostilities.
All work began from Jabal-us-Siraj: to the north - to Salang, to the east - to Panjshir, to the west - to Bamiyan (to the historically famous Bamiyan Valley) and to the south - to Kabul, we saddled this road with a battalion, not reaching kilometers five to seven to Charikar.
Since it was absolutely impossible to hide the preparations for hostilities, especially since the Afghans had to be involved in the plans, I came up with an option when the commanders of government troops were explained that we were only simulating preparations for the operation in Panjshir, but in fact, at the last moment, covertly, unexpectedly, with all our might, we will turn to Bamiyan. Figuratively speaking, as the driver, who turned on the right turn, turned left.
During the preparations, we deliberately conducted conversations with each other, as well as with an adviser close to the Afghan officers and soldiers who understood Russian, the meaning of which boiled down to imitating, they say, with all our strength and means a performance on Panjshir, while we ourselves go to Bamiyan.
On the eve of the operation on the “UAZ” of the adviser, as if reconnaissance of the road to Panjshir, we drove from Jabal-us-Siraj almost to Rukhi (a settlement in Panjshir), where the advanced battalion of the Afghan infantry regiment was located. Ahmad Shah put up with this, since the foot soldiers acted only according to his instructions.
The fact that the "UAZ" with an adviser, a battalion commander and two Afghan officers went to Rukha, of course, could not go unnoticed. Having reached Rukhi, we immediately turned around and drove back. This, it seems to me, strengthened the opinion of the Afghan agents of Ahmad Shah that the Panjshir was an imitation of the upcoming operation and the Shuravi would go to Bamiyan. I reported my thoughts to the army headquarters, asked for funds and reinforcement units, items of equipment. He snapped when, at the request to include bulletproof vests in the equipment, he heard something like: “Khabarov, won’t you be ashamed to wear bulletproof vests on your eagles, on vests?”
After these words, I clearly realized that the fulfillment of the combat mission, the lives of soldiers and officers would depend only on me, on my ability or inability to carry out this upcoming operation. On the night before the exit, 3-4 hours before getting up, the command “Set aside!” came from the army headquarters. They gave us more time to prepare, and granted requests for reinforcements. The battalion was given a tank platoon, a battery of 152-mm Akatsiya self-propelled howitzers, a motorized rifle company and two platoons of sappers.
The infantry regiment of government troops, which was stationed in Jabal-us-Siraj, was also attached to me for the period of hostilities. Of course, the regiment sounded very loud, but only about 50-60 people went with us.
The paratrooper battalion of the 345th Opdp from Bagram under the command of Major Alexander Tsyganov also operated with us. Aviation support was carried out at our request, on call.
From our 56th separate air assault brigade (Oshbr) from Kunduz, a brigade commander, Colonel Alexander Petrovich Plokhikh, flew in with a control group. He led the operation, acting directly with the battalion.
We've been getting ready for a week. Bridgelayers erected crossings, the equipment of the battalion, attached and supporting funds arrived along them. The soldiers practiced combat in the nearby mountains. Naturally, all this was done with pre-set outposts.
Just before the performance, the head of the operation, the deputy commander of the army, Major General Pechev, arrived in Panjshir with a control group. He was located in Jabal-us-Siraj and was supposed to lead the fighting from there, through a relay. Abstractly representing the conditions in which we had to operate, he sometimes gave awkward commands, which led to unjustified additional losses.
So, everything was basically ready. But it seems to me that all these repeated preparations did not convince Ahmad Shah that we were going to Panjshir, he continued to consider them a distraction.
At 5 am on April 9, 1980, the operation began. We, like a red-hot knife through butter, entered the Panjshir. The first battles began near Bazarak, the first losses appeared.
The actions worked out in advance made it possible to advance with minimal delays, at a fairly fast pace. Shooting from the tank mined blockages on the roads, building bridges over small mountain rivers with the help of tank bridges and eliminating destruction on the roads, knocking down, in general, as I think, the unorganized resistance of the Mujahideen, we went forward along the valley.
At the end of the day, the battalion of Major Tsyganov, according to the plan of operation, turned into a branch of the gorge going to the right. On April 11, the battalion commander was seriously wounded.
Where it was impossible to advance along the destroyed roads or quickly restore the blown up sections, we advanced on vehicles, if possible - along the riverbed. Artillerymen and helicopter pilots worked on a tip from reconnaissance platoons and my commands.
The last settlement we managed to reach by vehicle was Pasishah-Mardan, where the headquarters of Ahmad Shah, the prison and his administration were located.
Such a rapid advance and the rapid suppression of the weak resistance of individual firing points caught the militants by surprise. The Mujahideen were leaving the village in a hurry. They did not even have time to take out folders with documents, lists and certificates, photographs of members of the ILA party and armed detachments from their headquarters. Everything was hastily abandoned 100-300 meters from the building. Apparently, the NURS helicopter pilots walked over the rebels who scattered in different directions.
Then, leaving the equipment under cover, we advanced along the mountain path to the very last settlement. At night, having posted outposts, they gave the personnel the opportunity to rest.
The scouts were tasked with moving out at night by bypass paths and blocking the retreat of the Mujahideen from the last locality which has been clearly implemented. And with the dawn, the main forces moved to the last village. A group of elders with red and white flags came out to meet us. “Shuravi, stay, we will obey, we are peasants, it doesn’t matter to us, so long as they don’t kill us, our families,” they said.
All! Panjshir is ours. Victory! Next, it was necessary to establish garrisons, communication, interaction with the elders. By the actions of reconnaissance and airborne assault units, special forces, with the support of helicopters, to catch or destroy all the scattered still unorganized groups of Mujahideen. Create new authorities and ensure their security.
But alas! They did everything differently. In the afternoon, an order was received from the head of the operation, General Pechevoi: to urgently withdraw, advance to the Pasishah-Mardan area, where the equipment remained. I don’t know what he was guided by when giving such an order, because we had to walk more than 30 km along a mountain path, which was impossible to do before nightfall. The radio batteries are dead. Requests to deliver food for radio stations by helicopters were not responded to. Delivered only dry rations. They returned back at night, without communication, without helicopter cover, along a single mountain path. As a result, the reconnaissance patrol was ambushed. The guys and I rushed to the rescue of the scouts. A fierce battle ensued. Of course, we fought back, but there were losses. I got it too. Explosive bullet interrupted the forearm of the right hand, and once again hooked. I was given first aid, and I continued to command the battalion. WITH with great difficulty managed to get to the location of our armored vehicles. We moved back without meeting the resistance of the Mujahideen, another battalion was advancing towards us. Then I was sent to the Tashkent military hospital, and then transferred to Moscow, to the Burdenko Central Clinical Military Hospital.
It was said that after this operation, Ahmad Shah was also treated with a wound in his hand in France.
Officers and soldiers who were leaving came to see me at the hospital in Tashkent, then in Moscow at Burdenko and asked in bewilderment: “Why did we leave Panjshir so hastily? What was the point of this operation?
What could I answer them for the question that tormented me all the sleepless nights in hospitals? At the cost of the lives and health of soldiers and officers, we completed the combat mission assigned to us, and then those who set this task for us ineptly disposed of its results. They just didn't know what to do next. And in the future, throughout this war, almost all operations ended in a similar way. Combat actions were unleashed, our soldiers and officers died, military personnel of government forces died, Mujahideen and civilians died. After the end of the operation, the troops left the area of its conduct, and everything returned to normal. Our elderly and weak-willed rulers risked other people's lives and received "heroes" by conducting senseless combat operations on the principle of “came - left”, pouring from empty to empty.
I have never been angry with Ahmad Shah. In general, he is a worthy adversary. When meeting in battle, it would be flattering to fight him. Outside of combat, I would gladly drink tea with him. To those against whom he fought, he never felt hatred. The Mujahideen were a worthy adversary.
Before the Afghans - the “greens”, as we called the government troops, whom we betrayed and sold out of Afghanistan, leaving them and their families to be torn to pieces - I was left with a feeling of guilt and bitterness.
By the end of the fourth day, the units participating in the operation united in the area of the settlement of Haaru and completed combat operations. As a result of the operation, the rebels were dispersed and suffered losses in manpower and weapons, which weakened Ahmad Shah's grouping and contributed to the cessation of sabotage and shelling in South Salang. After "cleansing" the villages, dispersing or destroying the resisting Mujahideen, the troops that took part in the operation returned to their places of permanent deployment. The losses of the Soviet and Afghan troops were insignificant.
And although the Soviet troops in the first battles acted quite successfully, they were controlled with great miscalculations. Reporting to Marshal of the Soviet Union S.L. Sokolov on April 12 his comments on the work of the operational group of the 40th Army, Colonel-General V.P. Shutov, who led the fighting in the Panjshir Gorge in this operation, noted: “Major General L.N. the development of hostilities reported indistinctly. There is no work card in the task force. The position of the units is indicated on the combat plan and does not reflect the actual development of events. The clarification of tasks for subdivisions is not reflected on the map. There is no rigid management of divisions. There is no close interaction between battalions and supporting aircraft. On April 10, the commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 345th Opdp lost his bearings and could not set aviation tasks, as a result of which the battalion lost air support and suffered losses, although at that time three pairs of combat helicopters were in the air.
The rate of advance of units is small, from 0.4 to 1.25 km per hour. When moving to actions on foot, the 2nd battalion of the 345th opdp did not take mortars with it, as a result, having met organized resistance from the enemy, it did not advance for four hours. When positioned for a night's rest, the vehicles remain in the column, all-round defense is not organized. When operating in the gorge, communication with units is carried out through repeaters (P-145, helicopters) 7 ".
Flag "56 airborne brigade"(Kamyshin). An excellent memory for those who served with the 56th brigade in Afghanistan and served in peacetime.
Characteristics
- 56 DShB
56 Airborne Brigade. History of appearance
Perhaps, before starting a story about this famous military unit, for starters, you should watch a video of the 56th airborne brigade from Kamyshin, filmed recently.
It is customary to begin the history of the glorious 56th since the time of the Great Patriotic War. Then, in June 1943, the 7th Guards Airborne Brigade was created. In fairness, it should be noted that the best of the best entered it. The command carefully selected the fighters to create a brigade not only in terms of physical, but also in terms of ideological and patriotic parameters.
In essence, it took airborne elite devoted to the cause of the party and ready to defend the motherland to the last breath. Given the realities of the 43rd, another soldier simply would not have been suitable for the tasks assigned to the 7th brigade. As for the officers, they were selected even more carefully.
For some time the brigade was on the 4th Ukrainian Front. But in December of the same year, she was transferred to the Moscow Military District. There the brigade joined the 16th Guards Airborne Forces numbering 12,000 fighters. In truth, the division turned out to be very strong. Firstly, almost 100% of the officers had real combat experience.
Many were wounded and were sent to the division after the hospital. In addition, most of the rank and file were also "fired", which significantly increased the combat readiness of the division. As for technical and technical equipment, it was also on top.
In the 44th, the division moved to the Mogilev region, where it became part of the 38th Guards Airborne Forces. A couple of months later, the corps entered a separate VD army. Later, the 351st Guards Rifle Regiment was created from the 7th Airborne Brigade. In 1945, the 351st regiment, as part of the 106th Guards Rifle Division, moved to Hungary. There was an offensive in the area of Versheg - Budakessi - Fat - Bichke and the division was faced with the task of reaching positions.
In March, the 45th 351st Guards Rifle Regiment reached the Austro-Hungarian border. Later he participated in the Vienna, as well as the Paris offensive. And these are far from the only major battles where the 351st took part. As you can see, the 56th brigade has a glorious past, which has not been put to shame by its current fighters.
After the war, the 106th division was relocated to Tula. Subsequently, there were several more transformations, until the 56th OGDSh Brigade was formed in the 79th year.
56 Airborne Brigade. Afghanistan
In December of the same 79th year, the 56th brigade was sent to Afghanistan. Initial tasks: guarding the road in the Salang area, ensuring the movement of troops deep into Afghanistan. For all the time of participation in the conflict, the brigade took part in many operations, for which the fighters were repeatedly assigned to various awards. It is worth noting that Afghanistan was not the only hot spot visited by the fighters of the 56th. There was also Chechnya, Nagorno-Karabakh and much more.
56 Airborne Brigade. Kamyshin
After the war in Afghanistan, the brigade was transferred to the Turkmen SSR, the city of Yolotan. Military unit 33079 became the home for the fighters. After several “resettlements”, the brigade finally established itself with a permanent place of service, where it has been arriving to this day. It happened in 2000. A few years later, the brigade began to reorganize under the contract form of service, which had a very positive effect on living conditions, training and other important aspects.
brigade technique
We will not consider all the technical and technical equipment of the brigade. Let's dwell on only one model UAZ-3152 "Hussar" 2006 release. The brigade has been in service since 2010 and, I must say, it shows itself well.
The car has excellent cross-country ability (off-road fuel consumption 23-25l), as well as good fighting qualities. The car is equipped with a powerful Toyota engine (205 hp). The engine is covered on all sides with armored sheets. The gas tank is also reinforced with armor. The car can accommodate 5 paratroopers + 1 driver. As for weapons, it is possible to install 1 of 3 options:
- PKP "Pecheneg";
- 6P50 "Kord";
- AGS-17.
Ahead there is also a turret for "Kord".
Also in the fleet there are MTP-A2, MRM-MZ, MTO-AM, R-419MP and MRS-ARM.