What is the difference between the Air Force and the Airborne Forces. Airborne troops of Russia: history, structure, weapons
Airborne Troops (VDV) - a mobile branch of the armed forces designed to perform combat missions behind enemy lines, as well as to act as a reserve of the Supreme High Command.
Airborne Troops (VDV) - a mobile branch of the armed forces designed to perform combat missions behind enemy lines, as well as to act as a reserve of the Supreme High Command. The Airborne Forces can be used to: take control of administrative and political centers, industrial facilities, areas where enemy aircraft and naval forces are based; capture and retention of crossings on water barriers, mountain passes and passages, communications nodes; destruction of nuclear weapons, power plants, airfields and other important facilities; disruption of command and control of troops and the work of the rear of the enemy, disruption of the formation and transfer of his reserves.
They can also be used as operational-tactical landings in certain areas in the interests of ground groupings of troops in possible local conflicts.
The Airborne Forces are equipped with modern weapons and military equipment, special means that allow them to effectively and on time carry out the tasks assigned to them (airborne combat vehicles, aircraft, helicopters, etc.).
Organizationally, the Airborne Forces consist of paratroopers, artillery, self-propelled artillery, special and other units and subunits.
In the Airborne Forces, special importance is attached to the training of personnel. His preparation includes: studying theoretical foundations parachute jumps, airborne equipment (parachute and parachute-rocket systems, cargo landing containers, platforms for installing and dropping weapons and military equipment), military transport aircraft.
Today, the airborne troops constitute the reserve of the Supreme Commander of the Russian Armed Forces. They include four airborne divisions, one airborne brigade, Training Center Airborne Forces, combat support units and the Ryazan Institute of Airborne landing troops.
106th GUARDS AIRBORN RED BANNER ORDER OF KUTUZOV II DEGREE DIVISION
Motto:
"NO TASKS IMPOSSIBLE!"
Emblem: it is based on the symbolism of the coat of arms of the city of Tula, where the division is stationed, and ancient mythology, according to which the centaur combines the power and intelligence, courage and cunning of man and animal.
For the first time in the world in this division, the system of landing people inside combat vehicles, which was conditionally called "Centaur", was practically tested. The division was formed in 1944. Fought in Hungary, Austria, Czechoslovakia. She carried out special peacekeeping operations in Sumgait, Baku and other regions of Azerbaijan, in Tbilisi, Kyrgyzstan, Transnistria, North Ossetia and Ingushetia. In 1992, she provided the rescue of employees of the Russian and foreign embassies, as well as the UN mission in Kabul.
76th Guards Airborne Chernigov Red Banner Division
Motto:
"WE ARE EVERYWHERE WHERE THE VICTORY IS EXPECTED!"
Emblem: based on the coat of arms of the city of Pskov, where the units and headquarters of the division are located. The symbol of the division is the northern leopard, personifying the specifics of the northernmost division of the Airborne Forces - strength, hardening, endurance. This is the oldest unit of the Airborne Forces, formed back in 1939.
The combat path of the Chernihiv division during the Great Patriotic War unique - she took part in the defense of cities that later became hero cities: Odessa, Sevastopol, Kerch, Stalingrad. Coming through Kursk Bulge, crossing the Dnieper, as well as fighting in Belarus, the division ended the war in Germany. There are 50 Heroes of the Soviet Union in the division. In 1988, she actively participated in the elimination of the consequences of the earthquake in Armenia. In July 1994, for the first time in history, the division's paratroopers held joint exercises with their French counterparts.
98th GUARDS SVIRSKY AIRBORN RED BANNER ORDER OF KUTUZOV II DEGREE DIVISION
Motto:
"HONOR AND HOMELAND ABOVE EVERYTHING!"
Emblem: reflects the ancient myth of divine punishment for desecration of honor, dignity, independence, for the pain caused; the punishing sword from behind the clouds reflects an encroachment on the independence and interests of the state.
The combat path of the division formed in 1944 ran through Karelia, Hungary, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. The division became famous for its exceptionally decisive actions during the crossing of the Svir River in the summer of 1944 and for its courage and effectiveness that surprised everyone in battles with selected SS tank units in the spring of 1945 in Hungary. The paratroopers honed their "sky-high sword" at the exercises "South", "Spring-75", "Shield-82", "Summer-90". The Svir division participated in special peacekeeping operations in Yerevan, Stepanokert, Baku, Tbilisi, Dushanbe, and Moldova.
7th Guards Airborne Division
Motto:
"COURAGE, COURAGE, HONOR!"
Emblem: based on the mythology of the Western Slavs, who considered the bison to be the personification of power and nobility. But the bison is also a historical symbol of Kaunas, where the division was formed and deployed for more than 45 years.
During the war years, the division fought through Hungary, Austria and Czechoslovakia. The paratroopers showed special fighting qualities when repelling the blow of superior forces of the SS divisions in the battle near Lake Balaton and during the capture of Vienna. Beginning in 1956, the 7th Guards was the first to master the An-8, An-12, An-22, Il-76 aircraft, as well as new parachute systems, all generations of infantry fighting vehicles and the Nona artillery system. The division carried out peacekeeping missions in Azerbaijan and Abkhazia, and is currently redeployed from Kaunas to Novorossiysk.
104th Guards Airborne Division
Motto:
"HONOR TO YOURSELF - GLORY TO THE HOMELAND!"
Emblem: scorpion, personifying mortal danger and unpredictability of actions on his part; the scorpion is distinguished by the fact that at any moment it is able to deliver an irresistible blow to the enemy, which is typical for the fighting style of this division. The emblem also reflects the specifics of the combat training of the 104th Guards for operations in the mountainous desert area, where the unit has been stationed for more than 45 years.
During the war years, the division fought with selected Nazi units in Hungary, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. In terms of the nature of preparedness and psychological hardening, the 104th Guards is the most "dissimilar" to other divisions of the Airborne Forces. All teachings, trainings, experiments, researches were based on overcoming the impossible.
242nd TRAINING CENTER FOR AIRBOARDING FORCES
Motto:
"LEARN TO WIN!"
Emblem: a falcon, which among all the peoples of the world is endowed with such qualities as nobility, courage, pride, endurance, swiftness; at the same time, he is easy to train and has a fighting grip. This is how the officers and sergeants of the training center prepare "falcons" for the Airborne Forces. They will become cool "falcons" in combat units, but they acquire wings here.
The history of the center begins in 1961. Since then, specialists in more than 50 specialties have been trained within its walls. Almost every third paratrooper went through the science of "survive and win" training center. The first Hero of the Soviet Union for combat missions in Afghanistan was a graduate of the 242nd training center. The center is currently located in Omsk.
RYAZAN HIGHER AIRBOARDING COMMAND TWICE RED SIGNED SCHOOL
In any army, an officer is the beginning of all beginnings. "Every officer," said Peter the Great, "is like a soul in a human body." The paratrooper is always in sight. It was by his combat skills, deeds, spirit and appearance that the world and the Fatherland recognized the strength, power and significance of the Airborne Forces.
Ryazan airborne is preparing a military the elite of the Airborne Forces and the army as a whole. The school began its history in November 1918, with the Ryazan infantry courses. With the change in the army, the appearance of a landing element in it, the training of personnel also changes. The war convincingly proved the need for special training of paratrooper officers. In the winter of 1942, near Moscow, the Nazis, out of desperation, warned their soldiers with signs: "Beware, Russian paratroopers!" In Stalingrad, they marveled at the skill with which Russian fighters "with incomprehensible badges and emblems" fought. In 1943, near the Dnieper, the German command offered big money for each paratrooper killed. In Vienna, they fled under the onslaught of the guards airborne divisions 9th Army. All this is "done" in the forge of personnel of the Airborne Forces.
Scientific and technological revolution in Armed Forces ah and the transformation of the Airborne Forces into a powerful armored and fire fist radically changed the content and profile of officer training. Since 1994, the school has switched to a 5-year training system and produces highly qualified specialists.
Also, officers for the Airborne Forces are trained:
Ryazan higher military command school connections
Named after Marshal of the Soviet Union M.V. Zakharova
(390032, Ryazan-32).
Ryazan Higher Military Automobile Engineering
Order of the Red Star School
(390014, Ryazan-14).
Kolomna Higher Artillery Command Order
Lenin Red Banner School
(140403, Kolomna-3).
Tula Higher Artillery Engineering Order
Lenin and October revolution school
named after the Tula proletariat
(300029, Tula-29).
St. Petersburg Higher Anti-Aircraft Missile
Command School of the Order of the Red Star
(197061, St. Petersburg, P-61).
Smolensk Higher Anti-Aircraft Rocket Engineering School
(214027, Smolensk-27).
Tyumen Higher Military Engineering Command School
named after Marshal of Engineering Troops A.M. Proshlyakova
(625028, Tyumen-28).
Russian Civilization
Airborne Troops (VDV) - a type of troops intended for combat operations behind enemy lines. Usually they are part of the ground forces, less often they are part of the air force (navy), but they can also be an independent branch of the armed forces.
Designed for landing from the air behind enemy lines or for rapid deployment in geographically remote areas. The main method of delivery of the Airborne Forces is parachute landing, they can also be delivered by helicopter; during World War II, glider delivery was practiced.
At the end of 1930, near Leningrad, a Soviet airborne unit was created - an airborne assault detachment. In December 1932, he was deployed to the 3rd Special Purpose Aviation Brigade, which in 1938 became known as the 201st Airborne Brigade.
The first use of an airborne assault in the history of military affairs took place in the spring of 1929. In the city of Garm besieged by the Basmachi, a group of armed Red Army soldiers was landed from the air, which, with the support of local residents, defeated a gang that had invaded the territory of Tajikistan from abroad. However, the Day of the Airborne Forces in Russia and a number of other countries is August 2, in honor of the parachute landing at the military exercise of the Moscow Military District near Voronezh on August 2, 1930.
In 1931, on the basis of a directive dated March 18, a non-standard, experienced aviation motorized landing detachment (airborne landing detachment) was formed in the 1st aviation brigade of the Leningrad Military District. It was intended to study issues of operational-tactical use and the most advantageous organizational forms of airborne landing (airborne) units, units and formations. The detachment consisted of 164 personnel and consisted of:
- one rifle company;
- individual platoons: sapper, communications and light vehicles;
- heavy bomber aviation squadron (air squadron) (12 aircraft - TB-1);
- one corps aviation detachment (air detachment) (10 aircraft - R-5).
The detachment was armed with:
- two 76-mm Kurchevsky dynamo-reactive cannons (DRP);
- two wedges - T-27;
- 4 grenade launchers;
- 3 light armored vehicles (armored vehicles);
- 14 light and 4 heavy machine guns;
- 10 trucks and 16 cars;
- 4 motorcycles and one scooter (probably meant a bicycle).
E. D. Lukin was appointed commander of the detachment. Then, in the same air brigade, an emergency paratrooper detachment was formed.
In 1932, the Revolutionary Military Council of the USSR adopted a resolution on the deployment of detachments into special aviation battalions (bOSNAZ). By the end of 1933, there were already 29 airborne battalions and brigades that were part of the Air Force. The LenVO was entrusted with the task of training airborne instructors and developing operational and tactical standards. By the standards of that time, airborne units were an effective means of disorganizing the control and rear of the enemy. They were to be used where other types of troops (infantry, artillery, cavalry, armored forces) could not solve this problem at the moment, and were intended to be used by the high command in cooperation with troops advancing from the front, airborne assaults were supposed to contribute to the encirclement and defeat the enemy in this direction.
State No. 015/890 of 1936 of the "Airborne Brigade" (ADBR) of wartime and peacetime. Name of units, number of wartime personnel (number of peacetime personnel in parentheses):
- management, 49 (50)
- communications company, 56 (46)
- musician platoon, 11 (11)
- 3 airborne battalions, each 521 (381)
- school of junior officers, 0 (115)
- services, 144 (135)
Personnel:
- Total: 1823 (1500)
- Command staff, 107 (118)
- Commanding staff, 69 (60)
- Junior command and command staff, 330 (264)
- Enlisted personnel, 1317 (1058)
Material part:
- 45 mm anti-tank gun, 18 (19)
- Light machine guns, 90 (69)
- Radio stations, 20 (20)
- Automatic carbines, 1286 (1005)
- Light mortars, 27 (20)
- Cars, 6 (6)
- Trucks, 63 (51)
- Special vehicles, 14 (14)
- Cars "Pickup", 9 (8)
- Motorcycles, 31 (31)
- Tractors ChTZ, 2 (2)
- Tractor trailers, 4 (4)
In the prewar years, a lot of effort and money was allocated to the development of airborne troops, the development of the theory of their combat use and practical training. In 1934, 600 paratroopers were involved in the exercises of the Red Army. In 1935, during the maneuvers of the Kyiv military district, 1,188 paratroopers were parachuted and a landing force consisting of 2,500 people with military equipment landed. In 1936, 3,000 paratroopers were parachuted into the Belarusian Military District, 8,200 people with artillery and other military equipment were landed by landing method. The invited foreign military delegations present at these exercises were amazed by the size of the landings and the skill of landing.
31. Parachute units, as a new type of airborne infantry, are a means of disorganizing the control and rear of the enemy. They are used by the high command.
In cooperation with the troops advancing from the front, the air infantry contributes to the encirclement and defeat of the enemy in a given direction.
The use of air infantry must be strictly in accordance with the conditions of the situation and requires reliable provision and observance of measures of secrecy and surprise.
Chapter Two "Organization of the Red Army Troops" 1. Types of troops and their combat use, Field Regulations of the Red Army (PU-39)
The paratroopers gained experience in real battles. In 1939, the 212th Airborne Brigade took part in the defeat of the Japanese at Khalkhin Gol. For their courage and heroism, 352 paratroopers were awarded orders and medals. In 1939-1940, during the Soviet-Finnish war, the 201st, 202nd and 214th airborne brigades fought together with rifle units.
Based on the experience gained in 1940, new staffs of brigades were approved as part of three combat groups: parachute, glider and landing.
In preparation for the operation to annex Bessarabia to the USSR, occupied by Romania, as well as Northern Bukovina, the command of the Red Army included the 201st, 204th and 214th airborne brigades in the Southern Front. During the operation, combat missions were received by the 204th and 201st ADBR and landings were thrown into the area of the city of Bolgrad and the city of Izmail, and after the closure of the state border to organize Soviet governments in settlements.
By the beginning of 1941, airborne corps of over 10 thousand people each were deployed on the basis of the existing airborne brigades. On September 4, 1941, by order of the People's Commissar, the Office of the Airborne Forces was transformed into the Office of the Commander of the Airborne Forces of the Red Army, and the formations and units of the Airborne Forces were removed from the subordination of the commanders of the active fronts and transferred to the direct subordination of the commander of the Airborne Forces. In accordance with the same order, ten airborne corps, five maneuverable airborne brigades, five reserve airborne regiments and airborne school(Kuibyshev). At the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the Airborne Forces constituted an independent branch of the forces (troops) of the Red Army Air Force.
In the counteroffensive near Moscow, conditions were created for a wide use of the Airborne Forces. In the winter of 1942, the Vyazemsky airborne operation was carried out with the participation of the 4th airborne corps. In September 1943, an airborne assault consisting of two brigades was used to assist the troops of the Voronezh Front in forcing the Dnieper River. In the Manchurian strategic operation in August 1945, more than 4 thousand people of the personnel of rifle units were landed for landing operations by landing method, who successfully completed the assigned tasks.
In October 1944, the Airborne Forces were transformed into a separate Guards Airborne Army, which became part of the long-range aviation. In December 1944, this army was disbanded, the Airborne Forces Directorate was created with subordination to the Air Force Commander. Three airborne brigades, a training airborne regiment, advanced training courses for officers and an aeronautical division remained in the Airborne Forces.
Since 1946, they were transferred to the ground forces of the Armed Forces of the USSR, were directly subordinate to the Minister of Defense of the USSR, being the reserve of the Supreme Commander.
In 1956, two airborne divisions took part in the Hungarian events. In 1968, after the capture of two airfields near Prague and Bratislava, the 7th and 103rd Guards Airborne Divisions were landed, which ensured the successful completion of the task by formations and units of the United Armed Forces of the countries participating in the Warsaw Pact during the Czechoslovak events.
Paratroopers in the cargo compartment of the An-12.
In the post-war period, a lot of work was carried out in the Airborne Forces to increase the firepower and mobility of personnel. Numerous samples of airborne armored vehicles (BMD, BTR-D), automotive equipment (TPK, GAZ-66), artillery systems (ASU-57, ASU-85, 2S9 Nona, 107-mm B-11 recoilless rifle) were created. Complex parachute systems were developed for landing all types of weapons - "Centaur", "Reaktaur" and others. The fleet of military transport aircraft was also increased, called for the mass transfer of landing formations in the event of large-scale hostilities. Large-body transport aircraft were created capable of parachute landing of military equipment (An-12, An-22, Il-76).
In the USSR, for the first time in the world, airborne troops were created, which had their own armored vehicles and self-propelled artillery. At large army exercises (for example, "Shield-82" or "Druzhba-82"), the landing of personnel with standard equipment of no more than two parachute regiments was practiced. The state of the military transport aviation of the USSR Armed Forces at the end of the 80s made it possible to parachute 75% of the personnel and standard military equipment of one airborne division in one general sortie.
Organizational structure of the 105th Guards Airborne Division, July 1979.
By the fall of 1979, the 105th Guards Vienna Red Banner was disbanded airborne division, specialized for combat operations in mountainous desert areas. Parts of the 105th Guards. The VDD was deployed in the cities of Fergana, Namangan and Chirchik of the Uzbek SSR and in the city of Osh of the Kirghiz SSR. As a result of the disbandment of the 105th Guards. VDD were formed three separate air assault brigades (35th, 38th and 56th) and the 345th Guards separate parachute regiment.
Followed after the disbandment of the 105th Guards. VDD in 1979 entry Soviet troops in Afghanistan showed the profound fallacy of the decision taken by the leadership of the USSR Armed Forces - the airborne formation, specially adapted for combat operations in mountainous desert areas, was ill-considered and hastily disbanded, and 103 guards were eventually sent to Afghanistan. Airborne Forces, whose personnel had no training for combat operations in such a theater of operations:
“... in 1986 the Commander came Airborne General army Sukhorukov D.F., he then said what fools we were, having disbanded the 105th airborne division, because it was intended for combat operations in mountainous desert areas. And we had to spend huge amounts of money to deliver the 103rd airborne division to Kabul by air ... "
By the mid 80s. As part of the airborne troops of the USSR Armed Forces, there were 7 airborne divisions and three separate regiments with the following names and locations:
Organizational structure of the 351st Guards Airborne Regiment, 105th Guards Airborne Division as of July 1979.
- 7th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov II degree airborne division. Stationed in Kaunas, Lithuanian SSR, Baltic Military District.
- 76th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov II degree Chernihiv Airborne Division. Stationed in Pskov, RSFSR, Leningrad Military District.
- 98th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov II degree Svir airborne division. It was stationed in the city of Bolgrad, Ukrainian SSR, KOdVO and in the city of Chisinau, Moldavian SSR, KOdVO.
- 103rd Guards Red Banner Order of Lenin Order of Kutuzov II degree airborne division named after the 60th anniversary of the USSR. It was stationed in the city of Kabul (Afghanistan) as part of OKSVA. Until December 1979 and after February 1989, it was stationed in the city of Vitebsk, Byelorussian SSR, Belorussian Military District.
- The 104th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov II degree airborne division, specialized for combat operations in mountainous areas. Stationed in the city of Kirovabad of the Azerbaijan SSR, Transcaucasian Military District.
- 106th Guards Red Banner Order of Kutuzov II degree airborne division. It was stationed in the city of Tula and in the city of Ryazan of the RSFSR, Moscow Military District.
- 44th Training Red Banner Order of Suvorov II degree and Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree Ovruch airborne division. Stationed in the village. Gayzhyunay of the Lithuanian SSR, Baltic VO.
- 345th Guards Vienna Red Banner Order of Suvorov III degree Airborne Regiment named after the 70th anniversary of the Lenin Komsomol. Stationed in the city of Bagram (Afghanistan) as part of OKSVA. Until December 1979, it was stationed in the city of Fergana, Uzbek SSR, after February 1989 - in the city of Kirovabad, Azerbaijan SSR, Transcaucasian Military District.
- 387th Training Separate Airborne Regiment. Until 1982, he was part of the 104th Guards. VDD. In the 80s, in the 387th training OPDP, young recruits were trained to be sent to the airborne and airborne assault units as part of the OKSVA. In cinema, in the film "9th Company", the training part means exactly 387 OUPDP. Stationed in the city of Fergana, Uzbek SSR, Turkestan Military District.
- 196th separate regiment Communications of the Airborne Forces. Stationed in the village. Bear Lakes, Moscow Region, RSFSR.
Each of these divisions included: a directorate (headquarters), three airborne regiments, one self-propelled artillery regiment, and combat support and logistics support units.
In addition to parachute units and formations, the airborne troops also had air assault units and formations, but they were subordinate to the commanders of military districts (groups of forces), armies or corps. They did not differ in anything, except for tasks, subordination and OShS. Methods of combat use, combat training programs for personnel, weapons and uniforms for military personnel were the same as for paratrooper units and formations of the Airborne Forces (central subordination). Air assault formations were represented by separate air assault brigades (ODSHBR), separate air assault regiments (ODSHP) and separate air assault battalions (ODSHB).
The reason for the creation of air assault units in the late 60s was the revision of tactics in the fight against the enemy in the event of a full-scale war. The stake was placed on the concept of using massive landings in the near rear of the enemy, capable of disorganizing the defense. The technical possibility for such a landing was provided by the fleet of transport helicopters in army aviation, which had significantly increased by this time.
By the mid-80s, the USSR Armed Forces included 14 separate brigades, two separate regiments and about 20 separate battalions. The brigades were deployed on the territory of the USSR according to the principle - one brigade per one military district, which has land access to the State border of the USSR, one brigade in the inner Kiev Military District (23 ODSHBR in Kremenchug, subordinate to the High Command of the southwestern direction) and two brigades for groups of Soviet troops abroad (35 ODSHBR in the GSVG in the city of Cottbus and 83 ODSHBR in the SGV in the city of Bialogard). 56 Guards. ODShBR in OKSVA, stationed in the city of Gardez of the Republic of Afghanistan, belonged to the Turkestan Military District, in which it was formed.
Individual air assault regiments were subordinate to the commanders of individual army corps.
The difference between parachute and air assault formations of the Airborne Forces consisted of the following:
- In the presence of standard airborne armored vehicles (BMD, BTR-D, self-propelled guns "Nona", etc.). In the airborne assault units, only a quarter of all units were equipped with it - in contrast to 100% of its staffing in the paratrooper units.
- In the subordination of the troops. Airborne assault units, operationally, were subordinate to the command of military districts (groups of troops), armies, and corps. The parachute units were subordinate to the command of the Airborne Forces, whose headquarters was in Moscow.
- in assigned tasks. It was assumed that the air assault units, in the event of the start of large-scale hostilities, would be used to land in the enemy's near rear, mainly by landing from helicopters. Parachute units were supposed to be used in a deeper rear of the enemy with a parachute landing from VTA aircraft. At the same time, airborne training with planned training parachute landings of personnel and military equipment was mandatory for both types of airborne forces.
- Unlike the Guards paratroopers parts of the Airborne Forces deployed on a full staff, some air assault brigades were cadre (special staff) and were not guards. The exception was three brigades that received the names of the Guards, created on the basis of the 105th Vienna Red Banner Guards Airborne Division disbanded in 1979 - the 35th, 38th and 56th.
In the mid-80s, the following brigades and regiments were part of the Airborne Forces of the USSR Armed Forces:
Organizational and staffing structure of the 56th Guards Separate Air Assault Brigade, as of December 1986
- 11 ODSHBR in the Trans-Baikal MD (Trans-Baikal Territory, Mogocha and Amazar)
- 13 ODSHBR in the Far Eastern Military District (Amur Region, Magdagachi and Zavitinsk)
- 21 ODSHBR in the Transcaucasian Military District (Georgian SSR, Kutaisi)
- 23 ODSHBR of the South-Western direction (on the territory of the Kyiv Military District), (Ukrainian SSR, Kremenchug)
- 35 Guards. ODShBR in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (German Democratic Republic, Cottbus)
- 36 ODSHBR in the Leningrad Military District ( Leningrad region, village Garbolovo)
- 37 ODSHBR in the Baltic VO (Kaliningrad region, Chernyakhovsk)
- 38 Guards. ODSHBR in the Belarusian Military District (Belarusian SSR, Brest)
- 39 ODSHBR in the Carpathian Military District (Ukrainian SSR, Khyriv)
- 40 ODSHBR in Odessa Military District (Ukrainian SSR, Nikolaev)
- 56 Guards. ODSHBR in the Turkestan Military District (formed in the city of Chirchik, Uzbek SSR and introduced into Afghanistan)
- 57 ODSHBR in the Central Asian VO (Kazakh SSR, Aktogay town)
- 58 ODSHBR in the Kiev Military District (Ukrainian SSR, Kremenchug)
- 83 ODSHBR in North Group Troops, (Polish People's Republic, Bialogard)
- 1318 ODSHP in the Belarusian Military District (Belarusian SSR, Polotsk) subordinate to the 5th separate army corps (5 KLA)
- 1319 ODSHP in the Trans-Baikal Military District (Chita region, Kyakhta) subordinate to the 48th separate army corps (48 KLA)
These brigades had in their composition management, 3 or 4 air assault battalions, one artillery battalion and units of combat support and logistics. The personnel of the deployed brigades reached 2,500 military personnel. For example headcount personnel of the 56th Guards. On December 1, 1986, the ODShBR consisted of 2452 military personnel (261 officers, 109 ensigns, 416 sergeants, 1666 soldiers).
The regiments differed from the brigades in the presence of only two battalions: one paratrooper and one air assault (on the BMD), as well as a slightly reduced composition of the regimental units.
Participation of the Airborne Forces in the Afghan War
Organizational structure of the 345th Guards Separate Airborne Regiment, for the summer of 1988
In the Afghan war, one airborne division (103rd Guards Airborne Division), one separate airborne assault brigade (56th Guards ODSHBR), one separate parachute regiment (345th Guards OPDP) and two airborne assault battalions as part of separate motorized rifle brigades(in 66 Motorized Rifle Brigade and in 70 Motorized Rifle Brigade). In total, for 1987, these were 18 "linear" battalions (13 parachute and 5 air assault), which amounted to a fifth of total number all "line" OKSVA battalions (which included 18 more tank and 43 motorized rifle battalions).
In almost the entire history of the Afghan war, no situation has arisen that would justify the use of parachute landing for the transfer of personnel. The main reasons here were the complexity of the mountainous terrain and the unjustified material costs in using such methods in guerrilla war. The transfer of the personnel of the airborne and airborne assault units to the mountainous areas of hostilities, impassable for armored vehicles, was carried out exclusively by the landing method from helicopters. As in all motorized rifle, tank and artillery units as part of the OKSVA, up to half of all units of the airborne and airborne assault formations were assigned to guard outposts, which made it possible to control roads, mountain passes and the vast territory of the country, thereby significantly fettering enemy actions. For example, the 2nd Airborne Battalion from the 345th Guards. The OPDP was dispersed over 20 outposts in the Panjshir Gorge near the village of Anava. By this, 2 PDB 345 OPDP (together with the 682nd motorized rifle regiment of the 108th MSD stationed in the village of Rukha) blocked the western exit from the gorge, which was the main transport artery of the enemy from Pakistan to the strategically important Charikar Valley.
The most massive combat airborne operation in the USSR Armed Forces, in the period after the Great Patriotic War, should be considered the 5th Panjshir operation in May-June 1982, during which a mass landing in Afghanistan was carried out for the first time: only during the first three days , over 4 thousand people were parachuted from helicopters. In total, about 12 thousand military personnel of various branches of the armed forces took part in this operation. The operation took place simultaneously for all 120 km into the depths of the gorge. As a result most of Panjshir Gorge was taken under control.
In the period from 1982 to 1986, in all airborne divisions of OKSVA, there was a systematic replacement of standard airborne armored vehicles (BMD-1, BTR-D) with armored vehicles, standard for motorized rifle units (BMP-2D, BTR-70). First of all, this was due to the low security and low motor resource of the structurally lightweight armored vehicles of the Airborne Forces, as well as the nature of the hostilities, where the tasks performed by paratroopers differed little from the tasks assigned to motorized rifles.
Also, in order to increase the firepower of the landing units, additional artillery and tank units were introduced into their composition. For example, 345 OPDP, modeled on a motorized rifle regiment, was supplemented with an artillery howitzer battalion and a tank company, in 56 ODSHBR the artillery battalion was deployed up to 5 firing batteries (instead of the prescribed 3 batteries), and the 103rd Guards. the airborne division will be given to reinforce the 62nd separate tank battalion, which was unusual for the organizational and staffing structure of the airborne troops on the territory of the USSR.
Training of officers for the airborne troops
Officers were trained by the following military educational establishments in the following military specialties:
- Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School - commander of an airborne (airborne assault) platoon, commander of a reconnaissance platoon.
- Landing faculty Ryazan Higher Military Automobile Engineering School - commander of an automobile / transport platoon.
- Landing department of the Ryazan Higher Military Command School of Communications - commander of a communications platoon.
- The landing department of the Novosibirsk Higher Military-Political Combined Arms School - deputy company commander for political affairs (educational work).
- Landing Department of the Kolomna Higher Artillery Command School - commander of an artillery platoon.
- Landing Department of the Leningrad Higher Anti-Aircraft Missile Command School - commander of an anti-aircraft missile platoon.
- Landing faculty of the Kamenetz-Podolsky Higher Military Engineering Command School - commander of an engineering platoon.
In addition to graduates of these educational institutions, the Airborne Forces often appointed graduates of higher education to the positions of platoon commanders. combined arms schools(VOKU) and military departments that prepared for the commander of a motorized rifle platoon. This was due to the fact that the specialized Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School, which produced about 300 lieutenants every year on average, was not able to fully meet the needs of the Airborne Forces (at the end of the 80s they had about 60,000 personnel) in platoon commanders. For example, the former commander of the 247th Guards. PDP (7th Guards Airborne Forces), Hero Russian Federation Em Yuri Pavlovich, who began his service in the Airborne Forces as a platoon commander in the 111th Guards. PDP 105 Guards. VDD, graduated from the Alma-Ata Higher Combined Arms Command School.
For a long time, military personnel of units and units of the Special Forces (the so-called now army special forces) were mistakenly and deliberately called paratroopers. This is due to the fact that in the Soviet period, as now, in the Russian Armed Forces, there were no troops special purpose, but there were and are units and units of the Special Purpose (SpN) of the GRU of the General Staff of the USSR Armed Forces. The phrase “special forces” or “commandos” was mentioned in the press and in the media only in relation to the troops of a potential enemy (“Green Berets”, “Rangers”, “Commandos”).
Starting with the emergence of these units, in the USSR Armed Forces in 1950 until the end of the 80s, the existence of such units and units was completely denied. Up to the fact that about their existence the military military service they learned only when they were accepted into the personnel of these units and units. Officially in the Soviet press and on television, units and units of the Special Forces of the GRU General Staff The USSR Armed Forces were declared either as parts of the Airborne Forces - as in the case of the GSVG (officially there were no special forces units in the GDR), or, as in the case of OKSVA - separate motorized rifle battalions (OMSB). For example, the 173rd separate detachment special purpose (173 OOSpN), stationed near the city of Kandahar, was called the 3rd separate motorized rifle battalion (3 OMSB).
In everyday life, servicemen of subunits and units of the Special Forces wore full dress and field uniforms adopted in the Airborne Forces, although they did not belong to the Airborne Forces either in terms of subordination or in terms of the assigned tasks of reconnaissance and sabotage activities. The only thing that united the Airborne Forces and units and units of the Special Forces was most of the officers - RVVDKU graduates, airborne training and possible combat use behind enemy lines.
Semi-fitted dress in dark blue with a V-neck, decorated with a red silk scarf (included). Fabric - gabardine. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the dress at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police / justice officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. A shawl to a dress is worn in a triangle folded in the form of a scarf, the narrow ends are tied together and tucked in at the back inside under the collar. The wide side is tucked in under the neckline of the dress. It is allowed to wear a summer dress without a scarf in the office. The length of the dress along the bottom edge should be at the level of the knees. The Police/Justice short sleeve dress is part of the new police uniform Sample material pattern:
Gorka-3 suit is the most successful and widespread type of Gorka suit. Made from rip-stop material with a density of 270 gr. per 1 m2 of black color, structurally consists of a jacket and trousers. Used to protect the fighter from adverse weather conditions, all-weather. The main difference of this suit is the fleece lining. The jacket has a deep hood with drawstrings, two welt side pockets covered with flaps fastened with a button, one inside pocket for documents and two pockets on the sleeves, just below the shoulders. It is worth noting that the fleece lining is removable, which increases the usability of the suit and allows it to be used in a wider temperature range. Shoulders, elbows, cuffs are reinforced with oxford 0 rip-stop synthetic fabric. Reinforcement on the elbows of the mountain-3 suit is made in the form of a Velcro pocket, completed with hard inserts. The sleeves are equipped with anti-dust cuffs and a hidden volume adjustment elastic band just above the wrist. The jacket also has an adjustable drawstring along the edge and fastens with buttons. Gorka suit trousers have six pockets. Two side slotted, two cargo waybills and two rear. The knees, the bottom of the legs and other loaded areas of the trousers are reinforced with Oxford 0 rip-stop synthetic fabric. The bottom of the legs is double, the so-called “dust boot” reinforced with a cuff that is worn over the boot and prevents dust, dirt and small stones from entering it. Just below the knee bend, the trousers have a fixing elastic band. It automatically adjusts the volume of the leg and prevents the fabric from sailing. Pants are equipped with detachable suspenders. Main features: removable fleece lining demi-season suit strong material inner pocket hood CHARACTERISTICS SUIT CHARACTERISTICS Material: ripstop Composition: 70/30 Density: 240 gr. Overlays: oxford 0 Cuffs: yes Sealing elastic bands: yes Jacket/pants pockets: yes/yes Seasonality: demi-season Additionally: reinforced inserts, removable fleece lining, anthers on trousers, suspenders included
Semi-fitting dress in dark blue with a V-neckline, embellished with a red silk scarf (included). Fabric - gabardine. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the dress at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police / justice officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. A shawl to a dress is worn in a triangle folded in the form of a scarf, the narrow ends are tied together and tucked in at the back inside under the collar. The wide side is tucked in under the neckline of the dress. It is allowed to wear a summer dress without a scarf in the office. The length of the dress along the bottom edge should be at the level of the knees. The Short Sleeve Police/Justice Dress is part of the new police uniform. Material drawing example:
Thanks to innovative technologies and quality materials that provide maximum protection from rain and wind, you will be in constant comfort, which helps reduce fatigue throughout the day. Characteristics Protection from rain and wind Statutory cut Upper material: Rip-stop Insulation: Thinsulate
The women's demi-season raincoat is part of the uniform of the police officers of the new sample. Raincoat of a semi-adjacent silhouette, with a central inner secret fastener for five loops and buttons and additionally for an upper uniform button and a through overcast buttonhole, on a warmed stitched lining. On the coquettes in the area of the shoulder seam, there are two belt loops and one non-cut loop for attaching removable shoulder straps. Sleeves are set-in, two-sutural. In the lower part of the middle seam of the sleeve there are stitched-in pats, fastened with a loop and a uniform button. Turn-down collar, with detachable stand. The removable belt is threaded into the loops located in the side seams and fastens with a buckle with a tongue, the free end of which is threaded into the loop. On the right collar there is an internal welt pocket with a leaflet. Jacket fabric (100% polyester) with rip-stop weaving threads and water-repellent impregnation. The second layer is the membrane. Filler: Thinsulate 100 g/m. Recommended temperature range: from +10°С to -12°С. Worn with a navy blue scarf or with a scarf white color. It is allowed to wear a demi-season raincoat neatly folded with the front side out on the left hand. Demi-season raincoats are worn buttoned up. It is allowed to wear demi-season raincoats with the top button undone. Demi-season raincoats are worn with or without removable insulation with a belt fastened with a buckle. Removable shoulder straps in dark blue and stripes in dark blue are worn on this raincoat.
No Velcro for chevrons. The size is indicated by the collar. Shoulder straps can be used Worn loose Waistband adjustable with side elastic bands 2 chest pockets Material: 65% Polyester 35% Viscose
The jacket is short, straight cut. Fabric - gabardine. Designed for employees of internal affairs bodies with special police ranks. According to the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia No. 575, chevrons are sewn onto the sleeves of the suit at a distance of 8 cm from the edge of the shoulder. A chevron is sewn on the left sleeve, indicating belonging to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and on the right sleeve, a chevron, indicating the service of a police officer. You can add chevrons with Velcro. The central fastener on a detachable "lightning". Turn-down collar. Shelves with detachable yokes in the area of the shoulder girdle. On the shelves there are chest welt pockets with figured buttons on the buttons. Two side welt pockets with zipper entry. Back with stitched yoke. Soft folds are laid along the yoke line for freedom of movement. Single-seam set-in sleeves, with stitched cuffs fastened with buttons. On the bottom of the jacket there is a one-piece belt, the volume of which is regulated by the side sections with elastic band. A back and a shelf on a lining from a knitted cloth (grid). The armholes are edged with edging tape Trousers of a straight cut. Stitched belt with six belt loops. The volume of the belt is regulated by the side sections with elastic band. Two pockets in the side seams. One welt pocket with a flap and an internal button closure is located on the right rear half of the trousers. A red piping is inserted along the side seams of the trousers. It is part of the uniform of a police officer of a new sample. Material drawing example:
Material: gabardine - Classic trousers with piping along the side seam. - The volume of the belt is regulated by the side sections with elastic band. - 6 belt loops on the waist. -Two side pockets. - One welt pocket with a flap on the back half of the trousers. - On the side seam - red edging Example of material pattern:
The model of lightweight demi-season boots with high-strength hydrophobic leather uppers and rubber soles with embossed tread is consistently popular among employees of various law enforcement agencies, tourists and people who prefer outdoor activities. For greater comfort, the lining in the boots is made of dense PVC mesh. The toe box and heel counter are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material that allows you to maintain the external shape of the boots. The deaf valve prevents foreign objects from entering the boot. Demi-season boots are equipped with a lacing system consisting of eight pairs of D-shaped half rings, which make it possible to significantly facilitate and speed up the process of lacing and unlacing boots without removing the laces from the loops. ASSAULT BOOTS OF URBAN TYPE Continuation of the legendary "COBRA" series. Used in all special divisions of the Russian Federation Top combined: hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), “DRYWALKSYSTEM” (R) (CJSC “RUSSIAN KOZHA”) + elastic genuine leather on the top. Lining: mesh. Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Sole fastening method: adhesive. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. Deaf valve protects the foot from impact environment(dust, water, dirt) Speed lacing. Black color. Weight: 570 gr. Specifications Storm boots. Model Cobra 12011 Producer BUTEKS Country Belarus Top material hydrophobic leather (1.2-1.4 mm), "DRYWALK SYSTEM"® (CJSC "RUSSIAN KOZHA") + elastic natural leather on the tibia Lining material mesh Sole fastening glue-on Instep support metal Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Outsole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Lacing type speed lacing Valve type deaf valve
Border cap with a green top, black band and red piping. The cap is completed with a cockade and a metallized filigree (or lacquered) cord. The height of the crown is 7 cm. It is made within 3-5 working days.
Demi-season boots, in which the berets and the upper part of the vamp are made of nylon fabric with a density of 1000 D, and the lower part of the vamp are made of genuine chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, are perfect for law enforcement and security forces, as well as tourists or people who are fond of active outdoor activities. The undoubted advantages of this model is that the front part of the boot is protected from mechanical damage and moisture by an overlay made of Matrix leather and, in addition, the toe and heel are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to maintain shape. The lining in this model is made of durable nylon mesh. The high lacing system securely fixes the model on the leg, in addition, the presence of three pairs of hooks in the upper part of the ankle allows you to quickly lace up the boots. The deaf valve prevents foreign objects from entering the boot. The flexible and durable rubber outsole is equipped with a coarse tread pattern that provides optimal traction on a wide variety of surfaces, be it sand, gravel, rocks or grass. ASSAULT BOOTS URBAN TYPE This model is a classic "tactical" police boot. It has been tested in many special units of Russia. Got the most high marks according to such indicators as wear resistance and comfort, from the employees of SOBR "BULAT". Top combination: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6) + high-strength fabric made from non-textured 1680D nylon thread. Lining: laminated mesh Sole: rubber of increased wear resistance (Italy), BUTEK 1. Sole fastening method: adhesive. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, dirt). Black color. The toe part is reinforced - leather with high-strength PU coating "Matrix" (Italy). Weight: 545 gr. Specifications Assault boots. Model Viper 2331 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6) + high-strength nylon fabric 1680D Lining material laminated mesh Sole fastening adhesive Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material rubber of increased wear resistance BUTEK 1, (Italy) Available size range 40-46 Shoe color black Valve type deaf valve Protection with overlays made of high-strength Matrix leather with PU coating (Italy). toe
The combat suit offered for purchase is an almost complete copy of the ACU suit that the US Army has been using since 2005. For very a short time it has become so popular that it is used by both military elite units and fans of military sports such as airsoft. The costume is made of high quality cotton/polyester/35 blended fabric with a density of 210g. on 1m2, in the colors of the experimental A-TACS FG camouflage, which is used by various private military companies. The costume consists of a jacket and trousers. The jacket is fitted, so it is more convenient to wear it tucked into trousers with attached equipment. In the area of the shoulder blades there is a special fold, for greater mobility of the hands. The central zipper is double-sided, duplicated by a valve with Velcro fasteners, two oblique flat pockets on the chest are intended only for carrying documents, two patch pockets on the sleeves are used for the little things necessary for the fighter. On the left forearm there is a pocket for three ballpoint pens. For the convenience of wearing body armor, the collar of the jacket is made stand-up so that the equipment does not rub the neck. It fastens with a textile clasp. It should be noted that, unlike the original, the infrared marker mounts have been removed from the jacket, and the textile fasteners on the collar are softer and more comfortable. The sleeves of the jacket are fixed with a Velcro fastener. The jacket has seven fasteners for information about the rank of a fighter, his blood type, etc. Elbow reinforcements are made in the form of a pocket, with the possibility of completing them with a rigid insert. Trousers of loose fit, with wide belt loops, an additional tightening of the belt with a thin drawstring is provided. The width of the trousers fastens with buttons, on the sides at the waist there are loops for tightening, which is also not in the original form. There are eight pockets in the trousers of the uniform. Two large cargo pockets are able to accommodate additional ammunition if necessary, two small pockets on the calves are ideal for carrying a multi-tool and a dressing bag, access to them in a sitting position is easier than any other. All pockets on the trousers, except for the mortise ones, are covered with flaps. Two side slit pockets are traditionally used for household items, and two back pockets remain "in reserve". The loaded parts of the trousers are reinforced, in front, on the knees, the use of a rigid insert is provided. The bottom of the trousers is pulled with a thin braid. color A-TACS FG Main features: analogue of the NATO suit removed IR Velcro mark on the collar softer than the original soft fabric on the trousers drawstring loops CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUIT Material: blending (lux) Composition: 70pe / 30 hb Density: 270 gr. Cuffs: Velcro Sealing elastic bands: no Pockets jacket / trousers: oblique chest pockets Seasonality: all-weather Additionally: a copy of the NATO suit
OMON winter boots, in which high (24 cm) berets are made of genuine chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, with a flexible sole made of thermoplastic plastic, equipped with a large embossed tread and insulation made of high-quality natural sheepskin - these are exactly the shoes that law enforcement officers need , professional tourists and everyone who is fond of outdoor activities. The toe and heel of the boot are reinforced with thermoplastic material to keep their shape. In this model, a lacing system is used, in the upper part of which there are two pairs of metal loops that allow you to quickly take off and put on shoes without removing the laces from the loops. The deaf valve prevents dirt, snow, sand and other foreign objects from getting inside the boot. This model is a godsend for people with a high instep. Top: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm). Lining: natural sheepskin. Outsole: TEP (±40°C), 2050. Outsole fastening method: gluing. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 36-50. The deaf valve protects a foot from influence of environment (dust, water, dirt). Hooks. Soft edge. Black color. Weight: 840 gr. Technical characteristics Boots of army type (Berets). Model Omon 905 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material natural sheepskin Sole fastening glue-and-stitching Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (± 40 ° C), 2050 Available size range 36- 50 Shoe color black Valve type blind valve Soft piping present Hooks present
Pilot winter boots with a low (18 cm) beret and an elastic sole made of a polymer material with rubber properties (TEP) - perfect for active rest, as work shoes and long walks. The top of this model is made of genuine chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, and natural sheepskin fur is used as a heater. The toe and heel of the boot are reinforced with a special thermoplastic material to keep their shape. The outsole has a tread pattern for a secure grip on any surface. To prevent snow and foreign objects from getting inside the boot, Pilot boots are equipped with a semi-deaf valve. For greater reliability, the sole in this model is stitched around the perimeter, and the lower part of the ankle is attached to the vamp with a metal rivet. HIGH BOOTS Upper: natural chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining: natural sheepskin. Sole: TEP (±40°С), 3521. Sole fastening method: gluing. Arch support: metal Toe cap and heel counter: reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 36-50. Semi-deaf valve. Soft edge. Color: black Weight: 730 gr. Modifications: Model 180 faux fur. Specifications Boots. Model Pilot 181 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material natural sheepskin Sole fastening glue-and-stitching Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40°C) 3521 Available size range 36-50 Shoe color black Valve type semi-deaf valve Soft piping present
The size is indicated by the collar. No Velcro for chevrons. Shoulder straps can be used Worn loose Waistband adjustable with side elastic bands 2 chest pockets Material: 65% Polyester 35% Viscose
The summer suit consists of a jacket and trousers. Straight cut jacket. The collar is a stand, the volume is regulated by a pata on a textile fastener. The central fastener on a demountable lightning closed by a level on textile fasteners. Two breast patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. Pockets are located obliquely, in the direction of the hand. Back with two vertical pleats for freedom of movement in the area of the shoulder blades. Sleeves are one-piece. In the upper part of the sleeves there are patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners, with belt loops on the inside of the flaps. In the area of the elbow there are pads-amplifiers with an input for protectors on textile fasteners. At the bottom of the sleeves there are patch pockets for pens. On a bottom of sleeves cuffs with pats on textile fasteners for volume adjustment. Straight cut trousers. One-piece belt with seven belt loops. The volume of the belt is regulated by a cord with tips. Button closure. Two side slash pockets. On the side seams are two large patch pockets with three folds for volume. The upper part of the pockets is pulled together with an elastic cord with a clamp. Entrances to pockets, designed obliquely, like a hand, are closed with flaps on textile fasteners. In the area of the knees there are reinforcement pads with an input for protectors on textile fasteners. At the bottom of the trousers there are patch pockets with flaps on textile fasteners. The volume on the bottom of the trousers is regulated by a braid. On the back halves of the trousers there are two welt pockets with flaps with a hidden button closure.In the seat area there is an overlay-amplifier Fabric: Mirage-210, pe-67%, chl-33%
Classic style Loose fit Worn loose Shoulder straps can be used Adjustable waistband with side elastic 2 chest pockets Material: 67% Polyester 33% Viscose
Trousers of the police officer, female are intended for use during the summer season. The model is made of fabric (gabardine) with good air permeability, does not deform during operation, is resistant to dirt, does not become electrified and does not wrinkle. Uniform trousers with a classic straight cut with red piping along the side seam. The belt is stitched, on a button, adjustable with an elastic band. Two side pockets. Pants fasten with a button, codpiece - with a zipper. For an optimal fit, there are pleats at the front and darts at the back. Material drawing example:
Overalls for men are designed for pilots and technicians of civil and small aviation. The jumpsuit fits well. The period of wear of the product is increased due to high-quality domestic materials, design solutions and many years of experience of specialists. The product is designed in accordance with GOST 12.4.100-80. Overalls with a central fastener for a two-way zipper; internal windproof valve; shoulder pads; in the area of the armpits there are ventilation holes, inside the ventilation holes are closed with a mesh in the color of the fabric. The width of the overalls along the waist line is adjusted with the help of an elastic band (elastic band) on a contact tape (Velcro). In the side seams there are cuts on the "lightning"; at the bottom of the trousers of the overalls there are "zippers" for wearing over shoes. Pockets for various purposes: patch pockets with slanted entrances with zippers on the shelves, on the left sleeve - a patch pocket with a zipper with a flap fastened with a contact tape (Velcro); a pocket for fountain pens with three compartments is adjusted to it, lower patch pockets with “zippers”, on the right back half of the overalls there is a pocket for tools, fastened with a button; which is adjusted to the amplification detail. To fix the tools, a cord is provided, which is fixed to the pocket through the grommet and the holder with a half ring. On the right shelf - the mating part of the contact tape (soft) for placing a flight chevron, on the left shelf - the mating part of the contact tape (soft) for placing a standard nominal chevron, a belt loop for a badge. Back with vertical pleats for freedom of movement. The sleeves are set-in, one-sutural, adjustable at the bottom with a strap on a contact tape (Velcro). Above the pocket on the left sleeve, the mating part of the contact tape (soft) is adjusted to accommodate the chevron.
Lightweight UIS trousers provide comfort when working in hot weather. Material "Gabardine" does not wrinkle, does not lose shape when washed, does not fade. Ideal for daily wear. CHARACTERISTICS Statutory cut MATERIALS Gabardine (100% polyester)
Description: Jacket MPA-02 with a windproof strap and chin strap, removable insulating jacket and hood. Stand collar. In front of the cut-off along the waist line, the upper parts of the front with vertically located welt pockets with a zipper and patch pockets with flaps fastened with a loop and a "Canadian" button. On the lower parts of the front there are patch pockets with flaps fastened with a loop and a “Canadian” button. A back with stitched bottom part. The volume of the jacket at the waist is regulated by a set-in drawstring with a cord. The ends of the cord are brought out through the clamps. One-piece sleeves with side parts of the front and back, two-seam with pats on the bottom, to adjust the width with a textile fastener. On the sleeves patch pockets are sewn on the "lightning", which is hidden. Hood with visor and drawstring to adjust the volume of the hood. The front cutout is tightened with a cord, the ends of which are brought out through the eyelets, the length of the cord is regulated by clamps. Along the shoulder seams are belt loops. Shoulder straps and false shoulder straps are removable. A removable jacket (liner) is fastened to the jacket with a zipper along the edges of the sides and the neck, as well as with loops of elastic cord and buttons along the seam for attaching knitted cuffs. Removable liner made of double-sided quilted fabric. One-sutural set-in sleeves with stitched knitted cuffs. On the inner left side of the detachable jacket, there is a patch pocket with a textile fastener, a pocket made of the main fabric. Insulation: "Fibersoft" A unique product, indispensable in extreme conditions, with great physical exertion. Replaces several layers of clothing combining wind and moisture protection and a warming layer. Thanks to the one-piece sleeves, it provides unlimited freedom of movement and reduces fatigue. Removable jacket (liner) allows you to provide comfort during sudden changes in temperature external environment: day-night, highlands. A large number of different pockets (overhead bulky, welt) is convenient to accommodate all kinds of equipment. It is recommended to use in combination with thermal underwear. Temperature range from +10ºС to 0ºС.
The police shirt is made of polyester-viscose fabric. Thanks to this fabric, the shirt will last longer, will not lose its original appearance even after numerous washes, and will not become electrified. SPECIFICATIONS Hot weather Statutory fit MATERIALS 65% polyester, 35% viscose
Material: wool mixture - Classic trousers with piping along the side seam. - 6 belt loops on the waist. -Two side pockets. - One welt pocket with a flap on the back half of the trousers. - Red piping along the side seam
The advantage of MPA-56 trousers is their impressive versatility.There are a large number of pockets, the Molle system and reinforcing pads in the seat seam area. Thanks to the anatomical cut, you are provided with maximum freedom of movement. SPECIFICATIONS For hot weather For intense loads For outdoor activities For military operations MATERIALS Rip-stop
Winter jacket for the army, navy and air force provides reliable protection against wind and snow. The insulation perfectly retains heat, weighs little, does not deform, does not absorb moisture. The combination of membrane fabric and insulation provides protection from severe frosts. FEATURES Cold protection Stabilized fit For military operations Hand wash only MATERIALS Rip-stop Membrane Fibersoft insulation
OMON winter boots, in which high (24 cm) berets are made of natural chrome leather 1.6 mm thick, with a flexible sole made of thermoplastic plastic, equipped with a large embossed protector and insulation made of high-quality printed woolen fur with a content (70%) of sheepskin - this is exactly those shoes that are necessary for law enforcement officers, professional tourists and everyone who is fond of outdoor activities. The toe and heel of the boot are reinforced with thermoplastic material to keep their shape. In this model, a lacing system is used, in the upper part of which there are two pairs of metal loops that allow you to quickly take off and put on shoes without removing the laces from the loops. The deaf valve prevents dirt, snow, sand and other foreign objects from getting inside the boot. This model is a godsend for people with a high instep. For greater comfort in this model, the toe and heel of the sole are raised, which creates a comfortable walking experience. Upper: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining: printed woolen fur Sole fastening method: glue-stitched Instep: metal Toe and heel counter: reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole: TEP (±40°C) 2050 Size: 36-50 Color: black . Weight: 840 g Deaf valve protects the foot from environmental influences (dust, water, dirt). Hooks. Soft edge. Technical characteristics Boots of army type (Berets). Model Omon 907 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material printed woolen fur (merino) Sole fastening glue-and-stitching Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40 ° С), 2050 Available size range 36-50 Shoe color black Valve type blind valve Soft piping present Hooks present
The MES summer trousers are incredibly comfortable thanks to the light and smooth Gabardine fabric, which is ideal for hot weather. The product does not fade in the sun, does not shrink after repeated washes, does not wrinkle. SPECIFICATIONS For hot weather Statutory fit MATERIALS Gabardine (100% polyethylene) Material pattern example:
Cap of the Ministry of Defense (office). The cap is made of ripstop fabric, olive color. According to the temporary regulation No. 256/41/3101. On caps and caps there is a sign of distinction according to belonging to the executive authorities, where the law provides military service(golden cockade), senior officers, in addition, have a visor and cap band with golden embroidery.
Police windbreaker. This statutory police windbreaker, thanks to the use of high-quality membrane fabric with a density of 240 gr. will be able to protect employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs from any adverse weather phenomena. A big feature of this jacket model is wind resistance and moisture resistance. A hood is folded inside the stand-up collar, which can be easily adjusted along the front. Elasticated cuffs, an adjustable waistband, and a durable zip fastening concealed by a fabric strip with rivets can also protect against bad weather. Along the perimeter of the shoulder girdle, the product is complemented by sewn-in red piping. On the shoulder seams on the button there are shoulder straps intended for attaching distinctive signs. color dark blue main features: MIA form material membrane wide dimensional grid CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUIT Material: membrane Composition: P/E Density: 240 gr. Cuffs: yes Pockets jacket/pants: yes/no Seasonality: all-weather Additionally: statutory police windbreaker
Men's raincoat for employees of the Ministry of Defense of a straight silhouette will provide comfortable service and presentable appearance at temperatures down to -15 degrees. Jacket fabric with a membrane in combination with insulation works as wind and moisture protection. CHARACTERISTICS Cold protection Rain and wind protection Statutory cut Hand wash only MATERIALS Rip-stop Membrane Fibersoft insulation
Patent No. 46636. Trousers from a modernized version of the Soviet jump suit for special forces, known as "Mabuta". Recommended for security services Loose fit that does not restrict movement The suit uses stainless steel buttons High waistband for comfort and ease of wearing ammunition on the belt. The sides of the belt are rubberized Loops for a wide waist belt Reinforcing pads on the knees Folds in the knee area for an anatomical cut Zip fly The belt fastens with two buttons The bottom of the trousers is rubberized, anthers made of fine cotton calico are sewn inside. Anthers are equipped with rubber bands. It is recommended to tuck the boots into the shoes and wear the leg over the boots. Pockets: pockets on the front side of the thighs with an entry from the top with two buttons. The entrance of the pockets is folded over to protect small contents from falling out. The rear mortise pocket on the right side with two buttons on the right leg, on the side, there is a pocket for a sling cutter or a bayonet knife. The pocket has a rubberized entrance, a valve with two buttons. A sling is sewn inside, forming cells for self-attaching the sheath; side cut-in pockets Material: "Rip-stop": 53% cotton; 47% polyester "Gretta": 53% cotton; 47% polyester "Standard": 60% cotton; 40% polyester Product weight: 46/176 size -589 g 50/176 size -654 g 54/182 size -690 g 58/188 size -703 g SIZE SELECTION: Download Size Chart (. xls) to determine the correct size REVIEWS: Overview by tankist_sssr YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN:
Description: Anti-harm suit biological factors, recommended for work in field and taiga conditions - hood complex design, which completely excludes the penetration of insects under clothing - the mosquito net comes unfastened and stows in a secret pocket - hood with volume adjustment - patch pocket with Velcro flaps - sleeves with knitted cuffs-wristlets - reinforcements in the elbows and knees - volume adjustment on the bottom of the jacket and bottom trousers - belt of trousers with double elastic band Color: KMF reed Materials: Blended fabric Standard: TU 8572-003-72179571-2012 Height: 170-176, 182-188 Size: from 88-92 to 120-124 Volume 1 unit. 0.005 (m3) Quantity of goods in the package: Pack of 5 pcs Volume of 1 pack: 0.024 (m3) Certificates:
The MPA-35 suit is designed for comfortable work of employees of the Ministry of Defense in hot weather. Consists of trousers and a jacket with long sleeves. On the sleeves there are reinforcing pads in the elbow area. The bottom of the jacket is adjustable in size. SPECIFICATIONS For hot weather Statutory fit For office work MATERIALS Gabardine (100% polyethylene)
An upgraded version of the jacket from the US Army ACU field uniform. Modernization concerns both changes in the cut of the latest generation of the original American form, and our own developments. Some general minor bugs in the Splav ACU suit have also been fixed (missing stitching, pocket position, size matching, etc.). Attention! The ACU-M suit replaces the ACU from Splav, and is no longer a replica of the original American ACU kit, as has a number of subtle design changes Worn tucked in or loose The torso is fitted. Creases in the area of the shoulder blades to increase freedom of movement of the arms Reinforcement of the elbows with fabric overlays with the possibility of installing protective foam inserts under them (not included in the kit!), the entrance is fastened with a narrow Velcro Removed as unnecessary square Velcro in the center of the chest to accommodate insignia Central fastener on a tractor plastic two-way zipper with comfortable braid grips. A Velcro placket is fastened over the zipper. As with the original ACU kit, the number and size of these Velcro tabs have been reduced for ease of use and less chafing. Mutual arrangement reciprocal Velcro has been changed to protect clothes under the jacket from damage (in the original, when the jacket is unbuttoned, the Velcro-hook looks towards the body) Stand-up collar (protects the neck from rubbing with body armor), fastens with Velcro. Can be worn turned down Velcro for personalized ribbons on the chest Cuffs with Velcro patches Most Velcro are sewn not only around the perimeter, but additionally along the diagonals or a seam in the middle for reliability. The loaded sides of all Velcro are sewn in two or three passes. In the original, most Velcro are sewn in only one pass along the perimeter. The main seams are zaposhitochnye (in the lock) with a chain stitch, a lot of zigzag bartacks in loaded places. Pockets: pockets on the shoulders, fastened with Velcro. On the outside of the flap there is Velcro for a standard chevron with a flag. The fastening elements of the IR marker were removed from the valve as unnecessary. Large Velcro for attaching chevrons. At the bottom, there is a swept loop for water drainage, as a set there are two plugs for large Velcro sleeve pockets - reciprocal Velcro, trimmed with the main fabric of the suit. The plug closes a single-color Velcro of a large area, which stands out against the background of the fabric, especially in camouflage design on the left forearm, a flat non-closing pocket for three handles. Flat chest pockets are sewn independently, inclined, fastened with a narrow Velcro. To protect hands and gloves from scratches, a hook-and-loop velcro is used on the pocket, and a velcro-loop on the valve (in the original ACU jacket it is vice versa). The dimensions and angle of the pockets have been changed to match the latest generation of the original American ACU set. Material: NYCO Rip-stop, 50% cotton, 50% nylon SIZE FINDING: Download
Patent No. 46636. Jacket from a modernized version of the Soviet jump suit for special forces, known as "Mabuta". Recommended for security services. The bottom of the jacket is fastened with a button, relieving the load from the zipper Reinforcing pads on the elbows Folds in the elbows for an anatomical fit Jacket waistband is adjustable with side drawstrings Cuffs with buttons, two positions for adjustment Stainless buttons are used Chest pockets of the jacket with a top entry with a zipper. Zip protected by a placket Velcro pockets for IPP on the shoulders Inside, on the side of the heart, a pocket for documents made of water-repellent fabric. Velcro entrance with a folded edge to protect against moisture At the base of the collar on the wrong side is a hanger loop sewn in Material: "Rip-stop": 53% cotton; 47% polyester "Gretta": 53% cotton; 47% polyester "Standard": 60% cotton; 40% polyester Product weight: 46/176 size -512 g 50/176 size -612 g 54/182 size -745 g 58/188 size -794 g SIZE SELECTION: Download Size Chart (. xls) to determine the correct size YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN:
Casual suit of military personnel of the RF Ministry of Defense. Men's jacket: fastens at the waist with a zipper, long sleeves, unlined. Turn-down collar with a stand and fixing the corners with buttons. The pockets are fastened with a contact tape. Below are welt pockets "frame", fastened with a zipper. The inner pocket for documents is fastened with a button. Trousers with a stitched belt fastened with a button. Color: Blue, green, black. Size: 88-132 Size: 84-100 Height: 158-200 Fabric: Rip-stop Accessories: Reinforced Color: blue, green, black. Material: rip-stop.
The MPA-35 suit is designed for comfortable work of employees of the Ministry of Defense in hot weather. Consists of trousers and a jacket with long sleeves. On the sleeves there are reinforcing pads in the elbow area. The bottom of the jacket is adjustable in size. SPECIFICATIONS For hot weather Statutory fit For office work MATERIALS Gabardine (100% polyethylene)
The Soft Shell suit is purposefully designed to meet the demanding requirements of Special Forces operators. Designed to maintain a comfortable body temperature of the user in the cold season during vigorous activity, in bad weather, in wind and rain. The suit can be used as the base 5th layer of ECWCS Gen.III. Trousers MPA-28: -2 side patch pockets with Velcro flaps; - the side sections of the belt are pulled together with an elastic band; - on the bottom of the side seams - "lightning"; - perforated elastic band for attaching to shoes. Soft shell fabric breathes, does not tear, does not get wet, does not restrict movement!
LOW SHOES Top: genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm). Lining: non-woven, resistant to abrasion and quick-drying, high density (150g/sq.m.) Sole: TPE "FASHION" (±40°C), 112. Sole fastening method: glue-stitched. Supinator: metal. Toe cap and heel counter: Reinforced thermoplastic material. Sizes: 40-46. Black color. Weight: 495 gr. Specifications Low shoes. Model Inspector 704 Producer BUTEX Country Belarus Top material genuine chrome leather (1.4-1.6 mm) Lining material hygroscopic and wear-resistant fabric (150 g/m2) Glue-and-sewn fastening of the sole Metal arch support Toe and heel reinforced from thermoplastic material Sole material TEP (±40°С) ) "FASHION", 112 Available size range 36-46 Shoe color black
Warm and durable winter jacket. The most popular model. The site presents a single-color version of this jacket. False epaulettes can be used Polyester lining is quilted together with padding polyester, which increases the service life of clothes (padding stays in place when dry-cleaning or washing) Frontal zipper with two locks, unzips both at the top and bottom of the jacket Pleats on the back for extra freedom of movement Windproof valve , covering the front zipper, knitted cuffs inside the sleeves prevent the penetration of cold under clothing Stainless buttons are used It is possible to complete the jacket with a hood, collar and lining Pockets: 2 chest pockets, 2 at the bottom of the jacket and 1 inside Drawstrings: cord for tightening the belt and bottom of the jacket Material: Oxford ) -100% nylon with PU coating Insulation: Synthetic winterizer 300 g/m 2 SIZE FINDING: Download
The airborne troops of the Russian Federation are a separate branch of the Russian armed forces, located in the reserve of the Commander-in-Chief of the country and directly subordinate to Commander of the Airborne Forces. At the moment, this position is held (since October 2016) by Colonel General Serdyukov.
The purpose of the airborne troops is operations behind enemy lines, carrying out deep raids, capturing important enemy facilities, bridgeheads, disrupting enemy communications and enemy control, and conducting sabotage in his rear. The Airborne Forces were created primarily as an effective tool for offensive warfare. To cover the enemy and operate in his rear, the Airborne Forces can use landing - both parachute and landing.
The airborne troops are rightfully considered the elite of the armed forces of the Russian Federation, in order to get into this branch of the troops, candidates must meet very high criteria. First of all, it concerns physical health and psychological stability. And this is natural: the paratroopers carry out their tasks behind enemy lines, without the support of their main forces, the supply of ammunition and the evacuation of the wounded.
The Soviet Airborne Forces were created in the 30s, the further development of this type of troops was rapid: by the beginning of the war, five airborne corps were deployed in the USSR, with a strength of 10 thousand people each. The USSR Airborne Forces played an important role in the victory over the Nazi invaders. The paratroopers actively participated in the Afghan war. The Russian airborne troops were officially created on May 12, 1992, they went through both Chechen campaigns, participated in the war with Georgia in 2008.
The flag of the Airborne Forces is a blue panel with a green stripe at the bottom. In its center is an image of an open golden parachute and two planes of the same color. The flag was officially approved in 2004.
In addition to the flag, there is also the emblem of this type of troops. This is a flaming golden-colored grenada with two wings. There is also a medium and large airborne emblem. The middle emblem depicts a double-headed eagle with a crown on its head and a shield with George the Victorious in the center. In one paw, the eagle holds a sword, and in the other, a flaming grenada of the Airborne Forces. On the large emblem, grenada is placed on a blue heraldic shield framed by an oak wreath. In its upper part is a double-headed eagle.
In addition to the emblem and flag of the Airborne Forces, there is also the motto of the Airborne Forces: "No one but us." The paratroopers even have their own heavenly patron - Saint Elijah.
The professional holiday of the paratroopers is the Day of the Airborne Forces. It is celebrated on August 2nd. On this day in 1930, the first parachute landing of a unit was made to perform a combat mission. On August 2, Airborne Forces Day is celebrated not only in Russia, but also in Belarus, Ukraine and Kazakhstan.
The airborne troops of Russia are armed with both conventional types of military equipment and models developed specifically for this type of troops, taking into account the specifics of its tasks.
It is difficult to name the exact number of the Airborne Forces of the Russian Federation, this information is secret. However, according to unofficial data obtained from Russian Ministry defense, it is about 45 thousand fighters. Foreign estimates of the number of this type of troops are somewhat more modest - 36 thousand people.
The history of the creation of the Airborne Forces
The birthplace of the Airborne Forces is the Soviet Union. It was in the USSR that the first airborne unit was created, this happened in 1930. First, a small detachment appeared, which was part of an ordinary rifle division. On August 2, the first parachute landing was successfully carried out during exercises at the training ground near Voronezh.
However, the first use of paratroopers in military affairs occurred even earlier, in 1929. During the siege of the Tajik city of Garm by anti-Soviet rebels, a detachment of Red Army soldiers was parachuted there, which made it possible to unblock the settlement as soon as possible.
Two years later, a special purpose brigade was formed on the basis of the detachment, and in 1938 it was renamed the 201st Airborne Brigade. In 1932, by decision of the Revolutionary Military Council, special-purpose aviation battalions were created, in 1933 their number reached 29 units. They were part of the Air Force, and their main task was to disorganize the rear of the enemy and carry out sabotage.
It should be noted that the development of the landing troops in the Soviet Union was very rapid and rapid. No expense was spared on them. In the 30s, the country experienced a real parachute boom, skydiving towers were in almost every stadium.
During the exercises of the Kyiv military district in 1935, a mass parachute landing was practiced for the first time. The following year, an even more massive landing was carried out in the Belarusian military district. Foreign military observers invited to the exercises were amazed at the scale of the landings and the skill of the Soviet paratroopers.
Before the start of the war, airborne corps were created in the USSR, each of them included up to 10 thousand fighters. In April 1941, by order of the Soviet military leadership, five airborne corps were deployed in the western regions of the country, after the German attack (in August 1941), the formation of five more airborne corps began. A few days before the German invasion (June 12), the Directorate of the Airborne Forces was created, and in September 1941, the paratrooper units were withdrawn from the command of the fronts. Each corps of the Airborne Forces was a very formidable force: in addition to well-trained personnel, it was armed with artillery and light amphibious tanks.
In addition to the landing corps, the Red Army also included mobile landing brigades (five units), spare regiments of the Airborne Forces (five units) and educational institutions that trained paratroopers.
The Airborne Forces made a significant contribution to the victory over the Nazi invaders. The airborne units played a particularly important role in the initial - the most difficult - period of the war. Despite the fact that the airborne troops are intended for offensive operations and have a minimum of heavy weapons (compared to other branches of the military), at the beginning of the war, paratroopers were often used to “patch holes”: in defense, to eliminate sudden German breakthroughs, to release of the encircled Soviet troops. Because of this practice, the paratroopers suffered unreasonably high losses, and the effectiveness of their use decreased. Often, the preparation of landing operations left much to be desired.
Air- landing units took part in the defense of Moscow, as well as in the subsequent counteroffensive. The 4th Corps of the Airborne Forces was parachuted in the winter of 1942 during the Vyazemsky landing operation. In 1943, during the crossing of the Dnieper, two airborne brigades. Another major landing operation was carried out in Manchuria in August 1945. In its course, 4,000 fighters were parachuted by landing.
In October 1944, the Soviet Airborne Forces were transformed into a separate guards airborne army, and in December of the same year - to the 9th Guards Army. Airborne divisions have become ordinary rifle divisions. At the end of the war, the paratroopers took part in the liberation of Budapest, Prague, and Vienna. 9th guards army finished her glorious military career on the Elbe.
In 1946, the landing units were introduced into the Ground Forces and were subordinate to the country's Minister of Defense.
In 1956, Soviet paratroopers participated in the suppression of the Hungarian uprising, and in the mid-60s they played key role in pacifying another country that wanted to leave the socialist camp - Czechoslovakia.
After the end of the war, the world entered the era of confrontation between the two superpowers - the USSR and the USA. The plans of the Soviet leadership were by no means limited only to defense, so the airborne troops developed especially actively during this period. Emphasis was placed on increasing the firepower of the Airborne Forces. For this, a whole range of airborne equipment was developed, including armored vehicles, artillery systems, and road transport. The fleet of military transport aircraft was significantly increased. In the 1970s, large-capacity wide-body transport aircraft were created, which made it possible to transport not only personnel, but also heavy military equipment. By the end of the 80s, the state of the military transport aviation of the USSR was such that it could ensure the parachute drop of almost 75% of the personnel of the Airborne Forces in one sortie.
At the end of the 60s, a new type of units was created, included in composition of the Airborne Forces, - air assault units (DShCh). They were not much different from the rest of the Airborne Forces, but they were subordinate to the command of groups of troops, armies or corps. The reason for the creation of the DShCh was a change in the tactical plans prepared by Soviet strategists in the event of a full-scale war. After the start of the conflict enemy defense planned to "break" with the help of massive landings landed in the immediate rear of the enemy.
In the mid-1980s, the USSR Ground Forces included 14 air assault brigades, 20 battalions and 22 separate air assault regiments.
In 1979, the war in Afghanistan began, and the Soviet Airborne Forces took an active part in it. During this conflict, the paratroopers had to engage in counter-guerrilla struggle, of course, there was no talk of any parachute landing. The delivery of personnel to the place of military operations took place with the help of armored vehicles or vehicles, landing by landing method from helicopters was less often used.
The paratroopers were often used to guard the numerous outposts and roadblocks scattered throughout the country. Typically, airborne units performed missions more suited to motorized rifle units.
It should be noted that in Afghanistan, the paratroopers used military equipment of the ground forces, which was more suitable for the harsh conditions of this country than their own. Also, parts of the Airborne Forces in Afghanistan were reinforced with additional artillery and tank units.
After the collapse of the USSR, the division of its armed forces began. These processes also affected the paratroopers. They were able to finally divide the Airborne Forces only by 1992, after which the Russian Airborne Forces were created. They included all units that were located on the territory of the RSFSR, as well as part of the divisions and brigades that were previously located in other republics of the USSR.
In 1993, the Russian Airborne Forces included six divisions, six air assault brigades and two regiments. In 1994, in Kubinka near Moscow, on the basis of two battalions, the 45th Special Forces Regiment of the Airborne Forces (the so-called special forces of the Airborne Forces) was created.
The 1990s became a serious test for the Russian landing troops (as well as for the entire army, by the way). The number of the Airborne Forces was seriously reduced, some of the units were disbanded, the paratroopers became subordinate to the Ground Forces. Army aviation was transferred to the Air Force, which significantly worsened the mobility of the Airborne Forces.
The airborne troops of the Russian Federation took part in both Chechen campaigns, in 2008 the paratroopers were involved in Ossetian conflict. The Airborne Forces have repeatedly taken part in peacekeeping operations (for example, in the former Yugoslavia). Airborne units regularly participate in international exercises, they guard Russian military bases abroad (Kyrgyzstan).
The structure and composition of the airborne troops of the Russian Federation
Currently, the Russian Airborne Forces consist of command and control structures, combat units and units, as well as various institutions that provide them.
Structurally, the Airborne Forces have three main components:
- Airborne. It includes all airborne units.
- Air assault. Consists of air assault units.
- Mountain. It includes air assault units designed to operate in mountainous areas.
At the moment, the Airborne Forces of the Russian Federation include four divisions, as well as separate brigades and shelves. Airborne troops, composition:
- 76th Guards Air Assault Division, stationed in Pskov.
- 98th Guards Airborne Division, located in Ivanovo.
- 7th Guards Air Assault (Mountain) Division, stationed in Novorossiysk.
- 106th Guards Airborne Division - Tula.
Regiments and brigades of the Airborne Forces:
- 11th Separate Guards Airborne Brigade, stationed in the city of Ulan-Ude.
- 45th separate guards brigade special purpose (Moscow).
- 56th Separate Guards Air Assault Brigade. Place of deployment - the city of Kamyshin.
- 31st Separate Guards Air Assault Brigade. Based in Ulyanovsk.
- 83rd Separate Guards Airborne Brigade. Location - Ussuriysk.
- 38th separate guards regiment airborne communications. Located in the Moscow region, in the village of Medvezhye Ozera.
In 2013, the creation of the 345th Airborne Assault Brigade in Voronezh was officially announced, but then the formation of the unit was postponed to a later date (2017 or 2019). There is information that in 2019 an airborne assault battalion will be deployed on the territory of the Crimean peninsula, and in the future, a regiment of the 7th airborne assault division, which is currently deployed in Novorossiysk, will be formed on its basis.
In addition to combat units, the Russian Airborne Forces also include educational institutions that train personnel for the Airborne Forces. The main and most famous of them is the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School, which, among other things, trains officers for the Russian Airborne Forces. Also, the structure of this type of troops includes two Suvorov schools (in Tula and Ulyanovsk), Omsk cadet corps and the 242nd training center located in Omsk.
Armament and equipment of the Russian Airborne Forces
The airborne troops of the Russian Federation use both combined arms equipment and samples that were created specifically for this type of troops. Most types of weapons and military equipment of the Airborne Forces were developed and manufactured back in the Soviet period, but there are also more modern models created in modern times.
The most popular models of airborne armored vehicles at present are the airborne combat vehicles BMD-1 (about 100 units) and BMD-2M (about 1 thousand units). Both of these vehicles were produced back in the Soviet Union (BMD-1 in 1968, BMD-2 in 1985). They can be used for landing both by landing and by parachute. These are reliable vehicles that have been tested in many armed conflicts, but they are clearly outdated, both morally and physically. This is openly stated even by representatives of senior management. Russian army., which was adopted in 2004. However, its production is slow, today there are 30 BMP-4s and 12 BMP-4Ms in service.
Also, the airborne units are armed with a small number of BTR-82A and BTR-82AM armored personnel carriers (12 pieces), as well as the Soviet BTR-80. The most numerous armored personnel carrier currently used by the Russian Airborne Forces is the tracked BTR-D (more than 700 pieces). It was put into service in 1974 and is very outdated. It should be replaced by the BTR-MDM "Shell", but so far its production is moving very slowly: today in combat units there are from 12 to 30 (according to various sources) "Shells".
The anti-tank weapons of the Airborne Forces are represented by the 2S25 Sprut-SD self-propelled anti-tank gun (36 units), BTR-RD Robot self-propelled anti-tank systems (more than 100 units) and a wide range of different anti-tank systems: Metis, Fagot, Konkurs and "Cornet".
Is on armament of the Airborne Forces Russian Federation and self-propelled and towed artillery: Nona self-propelled guns (250 units and several hundred more units in storage), D-30 howitzer (150 units), as well as Nona-M1 mortars (50 units) and Tray (150 units).
The air defense means of the Airborne Forces consist of portable missile systems (various modifications of the Needles and Willow), as well as the Strela short-range air defense system. Special attention should be paid to the newest Russian MANPADS "Verba", which was only recently put into service and now it has been put into trial operation in only a few units of the RF Armed Forces, including the 98th Airborne Division.
The Airborne Forces also operate self-propelled anti-aircraft guns BTR-ZD "Skrezhet" (150 units) of Soviet production and towed anti-aircraft guns ZU-23-2.
AT last years the Airborne Forces began to receive new models of automotive equipment, of which the Tiger armored car, the A-1 Snowmobile all-terrain vehicle and the KAMAZ-43501 truck should be noted.
The airborne troops are sufficiently equipped with communication, control and electronic warfare systems. Among them, modern Russian developments should be noted: electronic warfare systems "Leer-2" and "Leer-3", "Infauna", the control system for air defense systems "Barnaul", automated command and control systems "Andromeda-D" and "Flight-K".
The Airborne Forces are armed with a wide range of small arms, among which there are both Soviet models and newer Russian developments. The latter include the Yarygin pistol, the PMM, and the PSS silent pistol. The main personal weapon of the fighters remains the Soviet AK-74 assault rifle, but deliveries of the more advanced AK-74M to the troops have already begun. To carry out sabotage missions, paratroopers can use the Russian-made Val Orlan-10 silent assault rifle. The exact number of Orlans in service with the Airborne Forces is unknown.
If you have any questions - leave them in the comments below the article. We or our visitors will be happy to answer them.
The Airborne Forces are courage, resilience, strength and victory. Airborne troops are designed to carry out targets behind enemy lines, destroy enemy groupings and other complex tasks. Airborne Troops Day is a memorable day. August 2 is the birthday of the Soviet Airborne Forces. The airborne troops are designed to perform tasks behind enemy lines to disrupt command and control, capture and destroy ground elements of high-precision weapons, disrupt advancement, disrupt the operation of the rear and communications, as well as to cover (defend) certain directions, areas, open flanks, blocking and the destruction of airborne assault forces, enemy groupings that have broken through, and the performance of other tasks.
Best Airborne Force quotes
“He who wears, or has ever worn blue shoulder straps with paratrooper emblems, will proudly pronounce the words all his life: I am a PARATROOPER!”
V. F. MAREGLOV
"A paratrooper is a concentrated will, strong character and the ability to take risks.
V. F. Margelov
"The Airborne Forces are courage of the highest class, bravery of the first category, combat readiness number one."
V. F. Margelov
“The one who has never left the plane, from where cities and villages seem like toys, who has never experienced the joy and fear of a free fall, a whistle in his ears, a stream of wind beating in his chest, he will never understand the honor and pride of a paratrooper.”
V. F. Margelov
“Only a paratrooper knows the true value of life. For he more often than others looks death in the eye.
V. F. Margelov
“Any paratrooper should be such that young women, admiring him, if they didn’t give themselves to him, then at least thought about it.”
V. F. Margelov
"In the event of war, guys in blue berets will be thrown into the mouth of the aggressor in order to break this mouth."
V. F. Margelov
"My first shot - and on target!"
V. F. Margelov
"You can't drink vodka - drink water, you can't drink water - eat earth!"
V. F. Margelov
"Paratroopers are people who can go gray or stay forever young in people's memory."
V. F. Margelov
"The Airborne Forces are courage, resilience, success, onslaught, prestige."
V. F. Margelov
"The jump is not an end in itself, but a means of entry into battle."
V. F. Margelov
“This is exactly the case when the commander, commander, military leader found his Troops, and the Troops found their Commander”
A. V. Margelov
"Margelov and the Airborne Forces are inseparable!"
G. I. Shpak
“To sit in the saddle is enough for the ass, and to stay in the saddle, you also need a head.”
V. F. Margelov
"Even death is no excuse for not following a combat order."
V. F. Margelov
"Knocked down - fight on your knees, you can't walk - advance lying down."
V. F. Margelov
“There are cartridges - there is food!”
V. F. Margelov
"From any height - to any hell!"
V. F. Margelov
Any task, any time!
V. F. Margelov
"A paratrooper needs to know only two operations of mathematics: subtract and divide."
V. F. Margelov
"Do not get in the way of the paratrooper - you risk becoming a mystery to the surgeon."
V. F. Margelov
“These guys in blue berets cannot be broken, scared mentally and physically. Even though I'm 68, I'll go anywhere with them. In a night we will slaughter half of Romania, in a week we will capture Europe. The only pity is that they serve only 2 years, otherwise I would have made real thugs out of them.
V. F. Margelov
“As for Margelov, it is known that nothing will frighten this person. He will crawl crawling, but he will fulfill the order on time.
Marshal A. A. Grechko
Anyone who has never left an airplane in his life, from where cities and villages seem like toys, who has never experienced the joy and fear of a free fall, a whistle in his ears, a stream of wind beating in his chest, he will never understand the honor and pride of a paratrooper ...
V. F. Margelov
Winged quotes about paratroopers and airborne forces
A paratrooper in the sky is an eagle, on the ground a camel, and in battle a lion.
Don't spit in the paratrooper's soul or you'll spit out your jaw.
Landing is not the Ministry of Health - it will not warn!
Where hell ends, airborne forces begin.
The girl is like the main dome, so you need to have a spare tire.
<Жизнь, ты где?>the paratrooper asked.<У тебя за спиной>, the parachute answered.
<С нами Бог и два парашюта!>- the paratrooper shouted and jumped into the ramp of the plane.
Not the man who lived with the woman, but the one who served in the Airborne Forces.
A paratrooper with a spoon is invincible, and with a dry ration, he is practically immortal.
Thunder rumbles, the earth shakes<слон>on the BMD rushes.
The paratroopers are, in fact, saboteurs, wreaking havoc behind enemy lines. And the Day of the Paratrooper exists so that they do not lose their qualifications in their military specialty.
A paratrooper is a person deprived of much, but capable of EVERYTHING!
Airborne is a blast furnace. Ore gets in there, and either steel or slag comes out.
Anthem of the Airborne Forces "The blue splashed"
Oleg Gazmanov - Nobody but us!