Comparison of the block and Yesenin theme of the motherland. Comparative analysis of the works of Alexander Blok and Sergei Yesenin. "About the Motherland"
The theme of the Motherland, Russia, organically entered Russian poetry, absorbing all the best that was characteristic of Russian poets. Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov, Yesenin, Blok ... Each of them found in this topic his own, deeply personal, and at the same time something in common, which is the essence of Russian national character without which the meaning of life on earth is lost. “I consciously and irrevocably dedicate my life to this topic. I realize more and more clearly that this is the first question, the most vital, the most real, ”wrote Alexander Blok at the end of 1908 to K.S. Stanislavsky.
We find a confession consonant with this from Sergei Yesenin: “My lyrics are alive with one great love - love for the motherland. The feeling of the motherland is the main thing in my work.”
Turning to Blok's lyrics, one feature in the image of the Motherland should be noted. The main role in the poet's perception of the Motherland is played not by his external impressions, but rather by their refraction in the poet's soul, comparison with his inner feelings. He spoke about the motherland with endless love, with penetrating tenderness, with aching pain and bright hope. His fate is the fate of the motherland, inseparable from it, inextricably linked with it:
Russia, impoverished Russia,
Your gray huts
Your songs are windy for me, -
Like the first tears of love!
Wide, multi-coloured, full of life and motion picture native land"in tearful and ancient beauty" is composed in Blok's verses. Vast Russian distances, endless roads, full-flowing rivers, violent blizzards and blizzards, bloody sunsets, burning villages, frenzied troikas, gray huts, alarming cries of swans and the cry of a flock of cranes, milestones, trains and station platforms, the fire of war, soldiers' echelons, songs and mass graves - all this, as in a colorful kaleidoscope, rushes before us when we read Blok's poems, and all this is Russia, his long-suffering homeland. Let her be poor, let her be bitter and joyless, but the poet sees in her such power that her enemies and rapists cannot resist:
What kind of sorcerer do you want
Give me the beauty of the robbers!
Let him lure and deceive, -
You won't disappear, you won't die
And only care will cloud
Your beautiful features...
With such thoughts and confessions, the poet turned to Russia, and truly it was not pity for the motherland, but completely different feelings that he experienced - love, adoration, pride, that pride for her, which at one time inspired Gogol to create the anthem of Russia - the irrepressible troika rushing with unbridled force into the boundless distance.
Over the years, the very idea of the motherland became more and more real and distinct for the poet. In the cycle “On the Kulikovo Field”, the poet’s voice seems to dissolve in the voice of history itself. home country, which has such a great past and a great future that it captures the spirit, it is in the past that the poet is looking for a life-giving force that allows Rus' not to be afraid of "darkness". This is how the image of the Motherland appears - a steppe mare rushing at a gallop. The steppe mare embodies both Scythian origins and perpetual motion. Blok's search for a future is tragic. Suffering is the inevitable cost of moving forward. Therefore, the path of the Motherland lies through pain: "Our path - an arrow of the Tatar ancient will pierced our chest." In this poem, Blok created an original and unique lyrical image of the motherland - not a mother, as it was with the poets of the past, but a beautiful friend, lover, bride, "bright wife" - an image fanned by the poetry of Russian song and fairy folklore:
Oh, my Rus'! My wife! To pain
We have a long way to go!
There is an “eternal battle” - for Rus', for a dear friend, for everything that is dear and sacred, and there is no rest in this difficult and intense struggle:
And eternal battle! Rest only in our dreams
Through blood and dust...
In the thunderstorms and storms of the revolution, the Motherland was revealed to Blok as the closest and dearest thing in life. Blok's Russia is hope and consolation. Her face is "bright forever", she keeps the "original purity" of the poet's soul. This is a country of enormous power and energy that has not yet been fully revealed. She will never disappear or perish, with her "the impossible is possible" - she leads to the "eternal battle" and points the way forward, into the future. “The future of Russia lies in the barely touched forces of the masses and underground wealth…” Blok wrote two years before October revolution. “Russia is a storm,” Blok said. The poet expressed his new understanding of the homeland and the revolution in the poem "The Twelve". In it, he captured the image of a new, free homeland that was revealed to him in romantic snowstorms and fires. The image of Christ at the end of the poem became the personification of the new world and all-human religion, the symbol of the universal renewal of life.
In the days decisive for the revolution, Blok again turned to the question of the historical destinies and tasks of Russia that worried him. His poem "Scythians" sounded at the same time as a formidable warning to the old world:
Millions of you. We are darkness, and darkness,
Try it, fight with us!
Yes, we are Scythians! Yes, we are Asians,
With slanting and greedy eyes!
and as an impassioned appeal to all people of good will to put an end to the "horrors of war":
Come visit us! From the horrors of war
Come to peaceful embrace!
Before it's too late, sheathe the old sword!
Comrades! We will become brothers!
Blok believed in the great future of Russia. In 1918 he wrote: “Russia is destined to endure torments, humiliations, divisions; but she will come out of these humiliations new and great in a new way ... ”The poet knew - and could repeat after Bryusov - the significant words that were first heard at the beginning of the century:
The poet is always with people when he makes noise
And the song with the storm is forever sisters.
In these lines we find a true and deep answer to the question of what constitutes the main meaning of Blok's poems, which have a great life force and by right have now become the property of the widest circles of our readers.
The singer of Russia, the poet, in whom "Rus' shines in the heart," was Sergei Yesenin. A little over ten years, the voice of Yesenin rang in Russian poetry; during this time, his views on life and people changed, the turbulent era put forward new topics, the poet developed and grew. But his constant love was the Motherland. He remained faithful to this great theme all his life. And he is all like one heartfelt and poignant song about Russia: he sang his most sincere songs to her, his love for her "tormented, tormented and burned." Everything: the fire of the dawn, and the splashing of the waves, and the silvery moon, and the rustle of the reeds, and the immense blue of the sky, and the blue surface of the lakes - all the beauty native land reflected in poems full of love for the Russian land:
O Rus' - raspberry field
And the blue that fell into the river -
I love to joy and pain
Your lake longing.
The theme of the Motherland develops throughout creative way Yesenin. The image of the Motherland appears already in the first verses. The poet sings of the discreet beauty and amazing charm of the nature of central Russia. The joyful and multi-colored world literally fascinates when we read Yesenin's poems. Motherland-Rus in pre-October verses appears as a free and at the same time long-suffering country, in Nekrasov's way "wretched and plentiful." Therefore, her image is most often accompanied by sad-singing intonations. In the poem “Goy you, my dear Rus' ...”, the young poet managed to express the feeling of love for the motherland so simply, clearly, strongly and artistically that it put him in the ranks of the largest Russian poets:
If the holy army shouts:
"Throw you Rus', live in paradise!"
I will say: “There is no need for paradise,
Give me my country."
The October Revolution illuminated Yesenin's poetry with a new light. In his poems of this period, with "cosmic" pathos glorifying the future of "terrible" Rus', there are biblical images that reflect the poet's desire to convey the grandiosity of what happened. Yesenin expected from the revolution an idyllic "earthly paradise" for the peasants. The hopes of the poet did not come true, and Yesenin is going through a period of spiritual crisis, he cannot understand "where the rock of events is taking us." The renewal of the village appears to him as an invasion of a hostile "bad", "iron" guest, before whom nature itself is defenseless. And Yesenin feels like "the last poet of the village." But "remaining a poet of a golden log hut," Yesenin understands the need for change in the old village. The passionate desire to see the "power of the native country" sounds in the lines:
I don't know what will happen to me...
Maybe in new life I'm not fit
But still I want steel
To see poor, impoverished Rus'.
Feeling a sense of belonging to everything that happens in Soviet country Yesenin writes:
I will accept everything.
I accept everything as it is.
But a little time passes and the attitude of the poet to the new changes. In the "split" of the country, he does not find the embodiment of his expectations. The revolution changes the habitual way of life of the Russian village. Then the bitter lines of poems are born: "Rus' is leaving", "Rus' is Soviet", "Rus' is homeless". The poet tries to escape from himself, goes abroad. But life away from beloved Russia is impossible. He returns home, but Russia is no longer the same, everything has changed, everything has become alien to him:
The language of fellow citizens has become like a stranger to me,
In my own country, I'm like a foreigner.
If in Yesenin's pre-revolutionary poems, peasant Rus' looked like an “abandoned land”, “a wasteland land”, now the poet sees Rus' - Soviet - awakened, reborn to a new life. And Yesenin wholeheartedly greets the younger generation: “Flower, young ones! And healthy body! You have a different life, you have a different tune.
The poet sincerely strove to keep up with his time, to be a faithful son of his homeland and his people. Shortly before his death, he wrote:
I want to be a singer
And a citizen
So that everyone
As pride and example
Was real
And not a half-son -
In the great states of the USSR.
Selfless love for his people, boundless faith in him, patriotism in Yesenin's poetry, expressed with captivating sincerity, made his poetry the property of numerous readers. His lyrics leave no one indifferent and continue to live, awakening a feeling of love for the native land, for everything near and dear.
Comparative analysis works by Alexander Blok and Sergei Yesenin. "About the Motherland".
The theme of the motherland has always been close to the Russian people. After all, we all live under the same leadership, and every citizen of Russia wants the best for his country. A huge number of works devoted to this topic, the treasury of Russian literature was replenished in the era of the "Silver Age". At this time, the country was preparing for serious changes. The October Revolution was approaching. Reflections on the fate of Russia are reflected in the work of more than one creator, whose work has become an incredibly strong heritage of the country. Sergei Yesenin, Alexander Blok, Marina Tsvetaeva, Vladimir Mayakovsky... These poets especially struck me with their thought, rhyme, and perception of what is happening.
A. Blok imbued with love for the Motherland already in early childhood. He, being a child, understood all the beauty and elegance of nature. The world of the creator's early poetry is the world of a beautiful dream. And the whole image of Russia in his work is shrouded in this dream. So, in the poem "Rus" a mysterious, wonderful, sometimes magical country appears before us:
... Where are the sorcerers with soothsayers
Enchant cereals in the fields,
And witches amuse themselves with devils
in road snow pillars ...
But gradually, with the development of creativity, the poet's attitude to Russia, as to a charming fairy tale, is changing. A scary world appears, full of mosses, swamps, stumps...
And yes, the people here are terrible. As, for example, in the cycle of poems “Dances of Death.” But this terrible world, in the understanding of Blok, is also Russia. And the highest thing a poet can do is to fall in love with a country in such an ugly way. Alexander Alexandrovich speaks about his homeland with endless love, tenderness, aching pain and bright hope. All these feelings are reflected in his poem "Russia":
... Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your songs are windy for me, -
Like the first tears of love!
A wide, full of life, multicolored picture of the native land is formed in the poet's verses.
In turn, Sergei Yesenin speaks of Russia as something high, dear, bright. Everyone knows that the central and main theme in the writer's work was occupied by the Motherland. For each person, the homeland begins from the place where he was born, where he grew up, where he spent his childhood. The village of Konstantinovo was such a place for the poet. More than once he refers to his particle the globe in verse:
Beloved edge! Dreaming of the heart
Stacks of the sun in the waters of the womb.
I would like to get lost
In the greens of your hundred-ringing...
In another poem he writes:
I'm here again, in my own family,
My land, thoughtful and gentle!
Curly dusk behind the mountain
Hand waving snow-white ...
In each poem of Yesenin, his incommensurable love for the motherland is felt. Unlike Blok, the poet expresses his love not abstractly, but concretely, in visible images, through pictures of his native landscape:
I love my homeland.
I love my country very much!
Though there is sadness in it, willow neigh
Pleasant to me pigs dirty muzzles
And in the silence of the night ringing voice of toads ...
Yesenin is ready to forget about everything and admire all the beauties that are sometimes hidden from our eyes.
An unprecedented sincerity of tone, a rare gift of a direct vision of the world, the ability to look at phenomena and things with an unbiased look, to suddenly extract beauty and joy from objects that have long been erased by everyday life, a special ability to express human feelings, both simple and complex - this is what we see in Sergey's work Yesenin and Alexander Blok. And these verses are close to each of us, because they describe everything that surrounds us, but in a different light, more pleasant. After reading the poems, the soul becomes lighter and happier. Because in them we find that peace, which is so lacking in our tense and cruel time.
MBOU Lyceum №1 named after. G.S. Titov
Literary Lounge
"The theme of the Motherland in the work of A. Blok and S. Yesenin"
Compiled by: Orlova Olga Alekseevna,
teacher of Russian language and literature
MBOU Lyceum "1 Im. G.S. Titov
G. Krasnoznamensk
2015
Goals:
to acquaint students with the poetic works of A Blok and S. Yesenin dedicated to Russia,
trace the evolution of feelings for the Motherland in the lyrics of poets, open new pages for students in the life of writers,
enrich the idea of their personality;
reveal the image of the Motherland and artistic means its embodiment in the lyrics of A. Blok and S. Yesenin.
Tasks:
skills building expressive reading and interpretation of the text;
ability to analyze piece of art interpret what you read, thinking carefully about each word.
explore the work of A. Blok and S. Yesenin;
note image features native nature in poems;
find out what place the theme of the Motherland occupies in the lyrics of poets.
Decor:
Computer presentation, book exhibition table.
Leading: The theme of the Motherland, Russia, organically entered Russian poetry, absorbing all the best that was characteristic of Russian poets. Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov, Yesenin, Blok ... Each of them found in this topic something deeply personal, and at the same time something in common, which is the essence of the Russian national character, without which the meaning of life on earth is lost.
Reader: There are national shrines...
Leading: “I consciously and irrevocably dedicate my life to this topic. I realize more and more clearly that this is the first question, the most vital, the most real, ”wrote Alexander Blok at the end of 1908 to K.S. Stanislavsky.
Leading: We find a confession consonant with this from Sergei Yesenin: “My lyrics are alive with one great love - love for the motherland. The feeling of the motherland is the main thing in my work.”
Leading: In the work of Blok and Yesenin, despite the individual style and literary traditions of each, there is much in common. Both of them agree in their understanding of the Motherland, Russia, which for them has always been the most dear, beloved that a person can have, the most cherished dreams and aspirations of poets were devoted to it.
Leading: Turning to Blok's lyrics, one feature in the image of the Motherland should be noted. The main role in the poet's perception of the Motherland is played not by his external impressions, but rather by their refraction in the poet's soul, comparison with his inner feelings. He spoke about the motherland with endless love, with penetrating tenderness, with aching pain and bright hope. His fate is the fate of the motherland, inseparable from it, inextricably linked with it:
Leading: A wide, multicolored, full of life and movement picture of the native land “in tearful and ancient beauty” is formed in Blok’s poems. Immense Russian distances, endless roads, full-flowing rivers, violent blizzards and snowstorms, bloody sunsets, frenzied troikas, gray huts, alarming cries of swans and the crying of a flock of cranes, the fire of war, soldier trains, songs and mass graves - all this rushes by like in a motley kaleidoscope before us when we read Blok's poems, and all this is Russia, his long-suffering homeland. Let her be poor, let her be bitter and joyless, but the poet sees in her such power that her enemies and rapists cannot resist:
Reader: Russia. ( Again, as in the golden years ...)
Leading: With such reflections and confessions, the poet turned to Russia, and truly it was not pity for the motherland, but completely different feelings he experienced - love, adoration, pride. Over the years, the very idea of \u200b\u200bthe motherland became more and more real and distinct for the poet.
Leading: In the cycle “On the Kulikovo Field”, the poet’s voice seems to dissolve in the voice of the very history of his native country, which has such a great past and a great future that it takes your breath away, it is in the past that the poet is looking for life-giving force that allows Rus' not to be afraid of “darkness”. This is how the image of the Motherland appears - a steppe mare rushing at a gallop. The steppe mare embodies both Scythian origins and perpetual motion.
Guitar performance of a song based on the verses of A. Blok "The river spreads."
Leading: Blok's search for a future is tragic. Suffering is the inevitable cost of moving forward. Therefore, the path of the Motherland lies through pain: "Our path - an arrow of the Tatar ancient will pierced our chest." In this poem, Blok created an original and unique lyrical image of the motherland - not a mother, as it was with the poets of the past, but a beautiful friend, lover, bride, "bright wife" - an image fanned by the poetry of Russian song and fairy folklore:
Leading: Blok was always with his Motherland. Motherland, Russia - she was everything to him.
Reader: On the night when Mamai lay down with the horde...
Leading: Whether a person is conscious or not, he necessarily bears the features of his homeland. For Blok, Russia was the land of birth and the ground of fate. Such a land for him was Shakhmatovo, "the fragrant wilderness of a small estate", without which it is impossible to imagine either life or Blok's poetry. He spent his childhood and youth there, and already at the very end, dying, he thought about Shakhmotov (which was plundered and destroyed after the 17th year), about his “beloved glade” and wrote with a weakening hand:
Reader: ... The sun casts shadow leaves,
Yes, the wind is blowing outside the window
centennial lilac bushes,
In which the old house is sinking.
White church over the river
Behind it again - forests, fields.
And all the beauty of spring
The Russian land shines...
Leading: In the thunderstorms and storms of the revolution, the Motherland was revealed to Blok as the closest and dearest thing in life. Blok's Russia is hope and consolation. This is a country of enormous power and energy that has not yet been fully revealed. She will never disappear or perish. “The future of Russia lies in the barely touched forces of the masses and underground wealth…” Blok wrote two years before the October Revolution. “Russia is a storm,” Blok said.
Leading: Blok believed in the great future of Russia. In 1918 he wrote: “Russia is destined to endure torments, humiliations, divisions; but she will come out of these humiliations new and great in a new way ... "
The romance "Lilac" to the verses of A. Blok is performed.
Leading: Sergei Yesenin was also a singer of Russia, a poet in whom "Rus shines in his heart". A little over ten years, the voice of Yesenin rang in Russian poetry; during this time, his views on life and people changed, the turbulent era put forward new topics, and the poet himself grew.
Leading: The theme of the Motherland develops throughout the entire career of Yesenin. The image of the Motherland appears already in the first verses. The poet sings of the discreet beauty and amazing charm of the nature of central Russia. The joyful and multi-colored world literally fascinates when we read Yesenin's poems.
Reader: Beloved edge! The heart is dreaming...
Leading: A significant part of the author's poetry is permeated with love for his country, for the Russian people, for nature. The master of literature draws the breadth of fields, reveals his native side in all its beauty. Reading Yesenin's poems, you are imbued with pride, patriotism, love for the motherland.
Leading: he sang to her his most sincere songs, his love for her "tormented, tormented and burned." Everything: the fire of the dawn, and the splashing of the waves, and the silvery moon, and the rustle of the reeds, and the immense blue of the sky, and the blue expanse of the lakes - all the beauty of the native land was reflected in poems full of love for the Russian land:
Reader: Hewn drogs sang...
Leading: In 1916, when this poem was written, the country already felt the onslaught of imminent social contradictions, the wind of upcoming historical changes, but, worried by ignorance, the poet still entrusts his fate to the fate of his homeland.
But not to love you, not to believe -
I can't learn, he exclaims.
Leading: The poet Sergei Yesenin had a chance to visit many countries of the world, but he always returned to Russia, believing that this is where his home is located. The author forgave Russia for dirt and broken roads, the tyranny of the landowners, faith in a good tsar and the miserable existence of the people.
Leading: Yesenin loved his homeland as it is, And, having the opportunity to stay abroad forever, he nevertheless preferred to return to die where he was born.
One of the works in which the author sings of his land is the poem "Goy you, Rus', my dear ...", written in 1914. By this time, Sergei Yesenin was already living in Moscow, having managed to become a fairly well-known poet. Nevertheless, big cities they made him feel sad and forced him to mentally turn to the recent past, when he was still an unknown peasant boy, free and truly happy.
Reader: Goy you, Rus', my dear ...
Leading: In the poem, the young poet managed to express the feeling of love for the motherland so simply, clearly, strongly and artistically that this put him forward among the largest Russian poets.
Leading: The October Revolution illuminated Yesenin's poetry with a new light. In his poems of this period, biblical images appear that reflect the poet's desire to convey the grandeur of what happened. Yesenin expected from the revolution an "earthly paradise" for the peasants. The hopes of the poet did not come true, and Yesenin is going through a period of spiritual crisis, he cannot understand "where the rock of events is taking us."
Leading: The renewal of the village appears to him as an invasion of a hostile "bad", "iron" guest, before whom nature itself is defenseless. And Yesenin feels like "the last poet of the village." But "remaining a poet of a golden log hut," Yesenin understands the need for change in the old village. The passionate desire to see the "power of the native country" sounds in the lines:
I don't know what will happen to me...
Maybe I'm not fit for a new life,
But still I want steel
To see poor, impoverished Rus'.
Leading: But a little time passes and the attitude of the poet to the new changes. In the "split" of the country, he does not find the embodiment of his expectations. The revolution changes the habitual way of life of the Russian village. Then the bitter lines of poems are born: "Rus' is leaving", "Rus' is Soviet", "Rus' is homeless".
Reader: And thoughts go through my head:What is homeland?Are these dreams?After all, for almost everyone here I am a gloomy pilgrimGod knows how far away.And it's me!I am a village citizenWhich will be famous only for that,That here once a woman gave birthRussian scandalous piit.
Leading: The poet tries to escape from himself, goes abroad. But life away from beloved Russia is impossible. He returns home, but Russia is no longer the same, everything has changed, everything has become alien to him:
Reader: The language of fellow citizens has become like a stranger to me,
In my own country, I'm like a foreigner.
Leading: If in Yesenin's pre-revolutionary poems, peasant Rus' looked like an “abandoned land”, “a wasteland land”, now the poet sees Rus' - Soviet - awakened, reborn to a new life.
Leading: The poet sincerely strove to keep up with his time, to be a faithful son of his homeland and his people. Selfless love for his people, boundless faith in him, patriotism in Yesenin's poetry, expressed with captivating sincerity, made his poetry the property of numerous readers. His lyrics leave no one indifferent and continue to live, awakening a feeling of love for the native land, for everything near and dear.
Reader:
Bloom, young ones! And healthy body!You have a different life, you have a different tune.And I will go alone to unknown limits,Rebellious soul forever subdued.
Leading: The fate of both poets is tragic, and it probably could not have been otherwise, since their nerves were always strained to the limit. Yesenin dies at the age of 30, unable to fully overcome the screaming contradictions caused by the complexity of the critical era. Four years before him, Blok had gone into oblivion, unable to withstand the contrasts and tensions of the first years of the revolution.
Leading: A. Blok and S. Yesenin raised Russian poetry to a qualitatively new level, opened up new ways for its development. Their works also resonate in the souls of our contemporaries, as they carry an endless love for the Motherland, for nature, for their people.
The theme of the Motherland, Russia, organically entered Russian poetry, absorbing all the best that was characteristic of Russian poets. Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov, Yesenin, Blok ... Each of them found in this topic something deeply personal, and at the same time something in common, which is the essence of the Russian national character, without which the meaning of life on earth is lost. “I consciously and irrevocably dedicate my life to this topic. I realize more and more clearly that this is the first question, the most vital, the most real, ”wrote Alexander Blok at the end of 1908 to K.S. Stanislavsky. We find a confession consonant with this from Sergei Yesenin: “My lyrics are alive with one great love - love for the motherland. The feeling of the motherland is the main thing in my work.”
Turning to Blok's lyrics, one feature in the image of the Motherland should be noted. The main role in the poet's perception of the Motherland is played not by his external impressions, but rather by their refraction in the poet's soul, comparison with his inner feelings. He spoke about the motherland with endless love, with penetrating tenderness, with aching pain and bright hope. His fate is the fate of the motherland, inseparable from it, inextricably linked with it:
Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your songs are windy for me, -
Like the first tears of love!
A wide, multicolored, full of life and movement picture of the native land “in tearful and ancient beauty” is formed in Blok’s poems. Vast Russian distances, endless roads, full-flowing rivers, violent blizzards and blizzards, bloody sunsets, burning villages, frenzied troikas, gray huts, alarming cries of swans and the cry of a flock of cranes, milestones, trains and station platforms, the fire of war, soldiers' echelons, songs and mass graves - all this, as in a colorful kaleidoscope, rushes before us when we read Blok's poems, and all this is Russia, his long-suffering homeland. Let her be poor, let her be bitter and joyless, but the poet sees in her such power that her enemies and rapists cannot resist:
What kind of sorcerer do you want
Give me the beauty of the robbers!
Let him lure and deceive, -
You won't disappear, you won't die
And only care will cloud
Your beautiful features...
With such thoughts and confessions, the poet turned to Russia, and truly it was not pity for the motherland, but completely different feelings that he experienced - love, adoration, pride, that pride for her, which at one time inspired Gogol to create the anthem of Russia - the irrepressible troika rushing with unbridled force into the boundless distance.
Over the years, the very idea of the motherland became more and more real and distinct for the poet. In the cycle “On the Kulikovo Field”, the poet’s voice seems to dissolve in the voice of the very history of his native country, which has such a great past and a great future that it takes your breath away, it is in the past that the poet is looking for life-giving force that allows Rus' not to be afraid of “darkness”. This is how the image of the Motherland appears - a steppe mare rushing at a gallop. The steppe mare embodies both Scythian origins and perpetual motion. Blok's search for a future is tragic. Suffering is the inevitable cost of moving forward. Therefore, the path of the Motherland lies through pain: "Our path - an arrow of the Tatar ancient will pierced our chest." In this poem, Blok created an original and unique lyrical image of the motherland - not a mother, as it was with the poets of the past, but a beautiful friend, lover, bride, "bright wife" - an image fanned by the poetry of Russian song and fairy folklore:
Oh, my Rus'! My wife! To pain
We have a long way to go!
There is an “eternal battle” - for Rus', for a dear friend, for everything that is dear and sacred, and there is no rest in this difficult and intense struggle:
And eternal battle! Rest only in our dreams
Through blood and dust...
In the thunderstorms and storms of the revolution, the Motherland was revealed to Blok as the closest and dearest thing in life. Blok's Russia is hope and consolation. Her face is "bright forever", she keeps the "original purity" of the poet's soul. This is a country of enormous power and energy that has not yet been fully revealed. She will never disappear or perish, with her "the impossible is possible" - she leads to the "eternal battle" and points the way forward, into the future. “The future of Russia lies in the barely touched forces of the masses and underground wealth…” Blok wrote two years before the October Revolution. “Russia is a storm,” Blok said. The poet expressed his new understanding of the homeland and the revolution in the poem "The Twelve". In it, he captured the image of a new, free homeland that was revealed to him in romantic snowstorms and fires. The image of Christ at the end of the poem became the personification of the new world and all-human religion, the symbol of the universal renewal of life.
In the days decisive for the revolution, Blok again turned to the question of the historical destinies and tasks of Russia that worried him. His poem "Scythians" sounded at the same time as a formidable warning to the old world:
Millions of you. We are darkness, and darkness,
Try it, fight with us!
Yes, we are Scythians! Yes, we are Asians,
With slanting and greedy eyes!
And as a passionate appeal to all people of good will to put an end to the "horrors of war":
Come visit us! From the horrors of war
Come to peaceful embrace!
Before it's too late, sheathe the old sword!
Comrades! We will become brothers!
Blok believed in the great future of Russia. In 1918 he wrote: “Russia is destined to endure torments, humiliations, divisions; but she will come out of these humiliations new and great in a new way ... ”The poet knew - and could repeat after Bryusov - the significant words that were first heard at the beginning of the century:
The poet is always with people when he makes noise
And the song with the storm is forever sisters.
In these lines we find a true and deep answer to the question of what constitutes the main meaning of Blok's poems, which have great vitality and have now rightfully become the property of the widest circles of our readers.
The singer of Russia, the poet, in whom "Rus' shines in the heart," was Sergei Yesenin. A little over ten years, the voice of Yesenin rang in Russian poetry; during this time, his views on life and people changed, the turbulent era put forward new topics, the poet developed and grew. But his constant love was the Motherland. He remained faithful to this great theme all his life. And he is all like one heartfelt and poignant song about Russia: he sang his most sincere songs to her, his love for her "tormented, tormented and burned." Everything: the fire of the dawn, and the splashing of the waves, and the silvery moon, and the rustle of the reeds, and the immense blue of the sky, and the blue expanse of the lakes - all the beauty of the native land was reflected in poems full of love for the Russian land:
O Rus' - raspberry field
And the blue that fell into the river -
I love to joy and pain
Your lake longing.
The theme of the Motherland develops throughout the entire career of Yesenin. The image of the Motherland appears already in the first verses. The poet sings of the discreet beauty and amazing charm of the nature of central Russia. The joyful and multi-colored world literally fascinates when we read Yesenin's poems. Motherland-Rus in pre-October verses appears as a free and at the same time long-suffering country, in Nekrasov's way "wretched and plentiful." Therefore, her image is most often accompanied by sad-singing intonations. In the poem “Goy you, my dear Rus' ...”, the young poet managed to express the feeling of love for the motherland so simply, clearly, strongly and artistically that it put him in the ranks of the largest Russian poets:
If the holy army shouts:
"Throw you Rus', live in paradise!"
I will say: “There is no need for paradise,
Give me my country."
The October Revolution illuminated Yesenin's poetry with a new light. In his poems of this period, with "cosmic" pathos glorifying the future of "terrible" Rus', there are biblical images that reflect the poet's desire to convey the grandiosity of what happened. Yesenin expected from the revolution an idyllic "earthly paradise" for the peasants. The hopes of the poet did not come true, and Yesenin is going through a period of spiritual crisis, he cannot understand "where the rock of events is taking us." The renewal of the village appears to him as an invasion of a hostile "bad", "iron" guest, before whom nature itself is defenseless. And Yesenin feels like "the last poet of the village." But "remaining a poet of a golden log hut," Yesenin understands the need for change in the old village. The passionate desire to see the "power of the native country" sounds in the lines:
I don't know what will happen to me...
Maybe I'm not fit for a new life,
But still I want steel
To see poor, impoverished Rus'.
Feeling his involvement in everything that is happening in the Soviet country, Yesenin writes:
I will accept everything.
I accept everything as it is.
But a little time passes and the attitude of the poet to the new changes. In the "split" of the country, he does not find the embodiment of his expectations. The revolution changes the habitual way of life of the Russian village. Then the bitter lines of poems are born: "Rus' is leaving", "Rus' is Soviet", "Rus' is homeless". The poet tries to escape from himself, goes abroad. But life away from beloved Russia is impossible. He returns home, but Russia is no longer the same, everything has changed, everything has become alien to him:
The language of fellow citizens has become like a stranger to me,
In my own country, I'm like a foreigner.
If in Yesenin's pre-revolutionary poems, peasant Rus' looked like an “abandoned land”, “a wasteland land”, now the poet sees Rus' - Soviet - awakened, reborn to a new life. And Yesenin wholeheartedly greets the younger generation: “Flower, young ones! And healthy body! You have a different life, you have a different tune.
The poet sincerely strove to keep up with his time, to be a faithful son of his homeland and his people. Shortly before his death, he wrote:
I want to be a singer
And a citizen
So that everyone
As pride and example
Was real
And not a half-son -
In the great states of the USSR.
Selfless love for his people, boundless faith in him, patriotism in Yesenin's poetry, expressed with captivating sincerity, made his poetry the property of numerous readers. His lyrics leave no one indifferent and continue to live, awakening a feeling of love for the native land, for everything near and dear.
The theme of the Motherland, Russia, organically entered Russian poetry, absorbing all the best that was characteristic of Russian poets. Pushkin, Lermontov, Nekrasov, Yesenin, Blok... Each of them found in this topic his own, deeply personal, and at the same time something in common, which is the essence of the Russian national character, without which the meaning of life on earth is lost. “I consciously and irrevocably dedicate my life to this topic. I realize more and more clearly that this is the first question, the most vital, the most real, ”wrote Alexander Blok at the end of 1908 to K.S. Stanislavsky. We find a confession consonant with this from Sergei Yesenin: “My lyrics are alive with one great love - love for the motherland. The feeling of the motherland is the main thing in my work.”
Turning to Blok's lyrics, one feature in the image of the Motherland should be noted. The main role in the poet's perception of the Motherland is played not by his external impressions, but rather by their refraction in the poet's soul, comparison with his inner feelings. He spoke about the motherland with endless love, with penetrating tenderness, with aching pain and bright hope. His fate is the fate of the motherland, inseparable from it, inextricably linked with it:
Russia, impoverished Russia,
I have your gray huts,
Your songs are windy for me, -
Like the first tears of love!
A wide, multicolored, full of life and movement picture of the native land “in tearful and ancient beauty” is formed in Blok’s poems. Vast Russian distances, endless roads, full-flowing rivers, violent blizzards and blizzards, bloody sunsets, burning villages, frenzied troikas, gray huts, alarming cries of swans and the cry of a flock of cranes, milestones, trains and station platforms, the fire of war, soldiers' echelons, songs and mass graves - all this, as in a colorful kaleidoscope, rushes before us when we read Blok's poems, and all this is Russia, his long-suffering homeland. Let her be poor, let her be bitter and joyless, but the poet sees in her such power that her enemies and rapists cannot resist:
What kind of sorcerer do you want
Give me the beauty of the robbers!
Let him lure and deceive, -
You won't disappear, you won't die
And only care will cloud
Your beautiful features...
With such reflections and confessions, the poet turned to Russia, and truly it was not pity for the motherland, but completely different feelings he experienced - love, adoration, pride, that pride for her, which at one time inspired Gogol to create the anthem Russia - an unbeatable troika rushing with unbridled force into the boundless distance.
Over the years, the very idea of the motherland became more and more real and distinct for the poet. In the cycle “On the Kulikovo Zero”, the poet’s voice seems to dissolve in the voice of the very history of his native country, which has such a great past and a great future that it takes your breath away, it is in the past that the poet is looking for life-giving force that allows Rus' not to be afraid of “darkness”. This is how the image of the Motherland appears - a steppe mare rushing at a gallop. The steppe mare embodies both Scythian origins and perpetual motion. Blok's search for a future is tragic. Suffering is the inevitable cost of moving forward. Therefore, the path of the Motherland lies through pain: "Our path - an arrow of the Tatar ancient will pierced our chest." In this poem, Blok created an original, unique lyrical image of the motherland - not a mother, as it was with the poets of the past, but a beautiful friend, lover, bride, "bright wife" - an image fanned by the poetry of Russian song and fairy folklore:
Oh, my Rus'! My wife! To pain
We have a long way to go!
There is an "eternal battle" - for Rus', for a dear friend, for everything that is dear and sacred, and there is no rest in this difficult and intense struggle:
And eternal battle! Rest only in our dreams
Through blood and dust
In the thunderstorms and storms of the revolution, the Motherland was revealed to Blok as the closest and dearest thing in life. Blok's Russia is hope and consolation. Her face is "bright forever", she keeps the "original purity" of the poet's soul. This is a country of enormous power and energy that has not yet been fully revealed. She will never disappear or perish, with her "the impossible is possible" - she leads to the "eternal battle" and points the way forward, into the future. “The future of Russia lies in the barely touched forces of the masses and underground riches...” Blok wrote two years before the October Revolution. “Russia is a storm,” said Blok. The poet expressed his new understanding of the homeland and the revolution in the poem "The Twelve". In it, he captured the image of a new, free homeland that was revealed to him in romantic snowstorms and fires. The image of Christ at the end of the poem became the personification of the new world and all-human religion, the symbol of the universal renewal of life.
In the days decisive for the revolution, Blok again turned to the question of the historical destinies and tasks of Russia that worried him. His poem "Scythians" sounded at the same time as a formidable warning to the old world:
Millions - you. Us - darkness, and darkness, and darkness.
Try it, fight with us!
Yes, we are Scythians! Yes, we are Asians, -
With slanting and greedy eyes!
and as an impassioned appeal to all people of good will to put an end to the "horrors of war":
Come visit us! From the horrors of war
Come to peaceful embrace!
Before it's too late, sheathe the old sword!
Comrades! We will become brothers!
Blok believed in the great future of Russia. In 1918 he wrote: “Russia is destined to endure torments, humiliations, divisions; but she will come out of these humiliations new and great in a new way ... ”The poet knew - and could repeat after Bryusov - the significant words that were first heard at the beginning of the century:
The poet is always with people when you make noise
storm,
And the song with the storm is forever sisters.
In these lines we find a true and deep answer to the question of what constitutes the main meaning of Blok's poems, which have great vitality and have now rightfully become the property of the widest circles of our readers.
The singer of Russia, the poet, in whom "Rus' shines in the heart," was Sergei Yesenin. A little over ten years, the voice of Yesenin rang in Russian poetry; during this time, his views on life and people changed, the turbulent era put forward new topics, the poet developed and grew. But his constant love was the Motherland. He remained faithful to this great theme all his life. And he is all like one heartfelt and poignant song about Russia: he sang his most sincere songs to her, his love for her "tormented, tormented and burned." Everything: the fire of the dawn, and the splashing of the waves, and the silvery moon, and the rustle of the reeds, and the immense blue of the sky, and the blue expanse of the lakes - all the beauty of the native land was reflected in poems full of love for the Russian land:
O Rus - raspberry field
And the blue that fell into the river -
I love to joy and pain
Your lake longing
The theme of the Motherland develops throughout the entire career of Yesenin. The image of the Motherland appears already in the first verses. The poet sings of the discreet beauty and amazing charm of the nature of central Russia. The joyful and multi-colored world literally fascinates when we read Yesenin's poems. Motherland-Rus in pre-October verses appears as a free and at the same time long-suffering country, in Nekrasov's way "wretched and plentiful." Therefore, her image is most often accompanied by sad-singing intonations. In the poem “Goy you, my dear Rus' ...”, the young poet managed to express the feeling of love for the motherland so simply, clearly, strongly and artistically that it put him in the ranks of the largest Russian poets:
If the holy army shouts:
"Throw you Rus', live in paradise!"
I will say: “There is no need for paradise,
Give me my country."
The October Revolution illuminated Yesenin's poetry with a new light. In his poems of this period, with "cosmic" pathos glorifying the future of "terrible" Rus', there are biblical images that reflect the poet's desire to convey the grandiosity of what happened. Yesenin expected from the revolution an idyllic "earthly paradise" for the peasants. The hopes of the poet did not come true, and Yesenin is going through a period of spiritual crisis, he cannot understand "where the rock of events is taking us." The renewal of the village appears to him as an invasion of a hostile "bad", "iron" guest, before whom nature itself is defenseless. And Yesenin feels like "the last poet of the village." But "remaining a poet of a golden log hut," Yesenin understands the need for change in the old village. The passionate desire to see the "power of the native country" sounds in the lines:
I don't know what will happen to me...
Maybe I'm not fit for a new life,
But still I want steel
To see poor, impoverished Rus'.
Feeling his involvement in everything that is happening in the Soviet country, Yesenin writes:
I will accept everything.
I accept everything as is.
But a little time passes and the attitude of the poet to the new changes. In the "split" of the country, he does not find the embodiment of his expectations. The revolution changes the habitual way of life of the Russian village. Then the bitter lines of poems are born: "Rus' is leaving", "Rus' is Soviet", "Rus' is homeless". The poet tries to escape from himself, goes abroad. But life away from beloved Russia is impossible. He returns home, but Russia is no longer the same, everything has changed, everything has become alien to him:
The language of fellow citizens has become like a stranger to me,
In my own country, I'm like a foreigner.
If in Yesenin's pre-revolutionary poems, peasant Rus' looked like an "abandoned land", "a wasteland land", now the poet sees Rus' - Soviet - awakened, reborn to a new life. And Yesenin wholeheartedly greets the younger generation: “Flower, young ones! And healthy body! You have a different life, you have a different tune.
The poet sincerely strove to keep up with his time, to be a faithful son of his homeland and his people. Shortly before his death, he wrote:
I want to be a singer
And a citizen
So that everyone
As pride and example
Was real
And not a half-son -
In the great states of the USSR.
Selfless love for his people, boundless faith in him, patriotism in Yesenin's poetry, expressed with captivating sincerity, made his poetry the property of numerous readers. His lyrics leave no one indifferent and continue to live, awakening a feeling of love for the native land, for everything near and dear.
