“The work program of the optional course in geography “Entertaining geography” (Grade 7). Geography elective "Entertaining geography" Optional geography courses
Participation of students in circles and optional special courses
2008-2009 |
2009-2010 |
2010-2011 |
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"Journey through countries and continents" |
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"My Russia: big Adventure" |
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"Know your land" |
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By geographic profile in MDOU |
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Total students: |
(4,7%) |
(28,8%) |
(33,1%) |
GEOGRAPHY OPTIONAL COURSES
INTERESTING GEOGRAPHY:
JOURNEY TO COUNTRIES AND CONTINENTS
Entertaining geography: a journey through countries and continents. Program academic discipline for students in grades 7-8 of schools with in-depth study of foreign languages. Baskevich I.A. Perm, Perm. un-t, 2006. 12 p.
I. Explanatory note
1. The relevance of studying the course “Entertaining geography. Journey across countries and continents.
An in-depth study of foreign languages is accompanied by a close acquaintance with the countries of the world, with the peoples inhabiting them, their culture, traditions, way of life, sights. The need to study country-specific material in such a volume in a foreign language requires a preliminary acquaintance with it in mother tongue. However, the federal curriculum for 7th grade high school study of regional studies material in such volume is not provided. The federal curriculum is aimed at studying the nature of our planet as a whole, the features of discovery, study, natural conditions continents and oceans in particular.
In this regard, the formation of students' geographical ideas about the world as a whole and images of individual countries in particular, already at the initial stage of studying geography, is very relevant.
The opportunities to travel that have opened up in recent decades allow students to apply the knowledge gained by students in practice. Therefore it is obvious that this course in schools with in-depth study of foreign languages is relevant and necessary for studying.
2. Features of the course.
The course "Great journey across the continents and oceans" with a total volume of 32 academic hours is designed for students in grades 7-8 of schools with in-depth study of foreign languages.
This course:
1) forms a holistic view of the diversity of the modern world;
2) gives knowledge about nature, population and its economic activities in various regions and countries of the world;
3) reveals the complex relationship between society and the environment.
Within the framework of this course, integrated country-specific, humanistic and cultural approaches to the disclosure of educational material. So, in particular, the regional approach allows students to explore any territory, including the country of the language being studied, as a whole. The humanization and culturological components of this course allow students to expand their knowledge of a person, his settlement, races, languages, adaptation to the environment, material and spiritual culture, features of the everyday way of life, and religious characteristics of a particular people.
The program of the course "Great Journey through Countries and Continents" corresponds to the goals of pre-profile training in the field of foreign languages and regional studies, gives students the opportunity to become more familiar with the sights of the countries of the studied language in particular and the world as a whole, and is new for students.
As part of the course, traveling through countries and continents through the imaginative stories of a guide-teacher or colorful video films, students will be interested in already familiar images - the lifeless deserts of Egypt, Niagara Falls, and completely new, but beautiful creations of human hands - the Taj Mahal Mausoleum in Agra in India, the Egyptian pyramids in Giza, Stonehenge in the UK, St. Peter's Basilica in the Vatican, the Opera House in Sydney, mosques in Morocco and other attractions.
During the course, students will learn the following activities, as project assignments, press conferences, work with statistical material, correspondence and internal excursions, multimedia lessons, work with geographic information systems.
The result of successful completion of the program participation in geographical and regional studies quizzes, competitions, intellectual games in geography can serve. The geographical knowledge obtained within the framework of this course can later serve as the basis for preparing students for the choice of certain professions related to with tourism and service, international services, excursion activities.
Students should know (explain):
- the history of the study and development of the continents;
- countries and capitals;
- famous and most interesting sights of the countries of the world;
- features of the material and spiritual culture of peoples in various regions of the globe.
Students should be able to (name, show):
- freely talk about the diversity of natural conditions on various continents and countries located on these continents;
- work with various sources of geographic information;
- use the latest geoinformation programs and technologies, Internet resources; search for information about countries and continents on the Internet;
- freely talk about the natural and cultural attractions of various countries of the world.
The system for assessing the success of the course
During the study of this course, two credits(intermediate) practical work and one final- at the last lesson. On z accounting work the student acts as a guide on one of the continents. Final credit work – project activity in groups of 2-3 people on objects of natural and cultural heritage peace. After completing the practical work, the grade “passed” or “failed” is put.
3. General objectives of the program:
- call interest to subject "Geography of continents and oceans", desire to get acquainted with the countries of the world in the future;
- expand the geographic horizons of students, prepare for the perception of the compulsory academic discipline "Socio-economic geography of the world";
- in the process of studying the course, to acquaint students with various modern technologies, methods and forms of presentation of geographic information;
- in the process of studying the topics of the course develop capabilities to self-determination, it is possible to determine the future profile of the profession related to geography.
4. General tasks of the program:
- get acquainted with the history of the planet Earth and the features of the geographical shell;
- expand students' understanding of the diversity of natural conditions of continents and oceans globe.
- arouse interest in the countries of the world, cultural heritage through acquaintance with cultural and natural attractions;
- expand knowledge about the capitals and largest cities of the world;
- get to know the UNESCO Site Protection Program World Heritage;
- to cultivate respect for people of another nation, for the peculiarities of their life.
5. Information Support course. This course is provided with the following information materials:
a set of scientific and popular science videos about natural conditions, sights of various countries of the world,
· popular science books, articles and other materials about the sights of the world and Russia, including modern reference books "Countries of the World", "Capitals of the World".
· Google Earth 5.1.
Internet resources.
II. The content of the course “Entertaining geography. Journey through countries and continents»for grade 7 (32 hours).
Topic 1. Africa (5 hours).
Lesson 1. Interesting facts from the history of African exploration. Spaniards and Portuguese: to catch up and overtake each other. Juncker: in the wilds of Africa.
Lesson 2 Tassilin-Ajjer: the mystery of the Sahara. Ahaggar Highlands. Egypt. Egypt is the "gift" of the Nile. Cairo: "Capital" of Africa. Pyramids at Giza. Temples of Karnak and Luxor. Tunisia: heritage of Carthage. Morocco: "red" city, Dades Gorge. Algiers: Oasis of Oulad Said. Ethiopia: Lake Asal, Danakil - "land of horror, hardship, death", Erta-Ale.
Lesson 3 Kenya: Rudolph Lake, Alkaline Lakes East Africa. Congo: Rwenzori - "Mountains of the Moon" of Africa, "mighty river". Ghana: the "golden" coast of Africa. Zambia: Victoria Falls.
Lesson 4 Tanzania is a protected country: Ngoro-Ngoro is a “living laboratory”, the Ol-Doinyo-Lengai volcano is the “Mountain of God”, the Serengeti plateau. Namibia: Skeleton Coast, Etosha Basin - "Lake of Mirages". Botswana: The Kalahari Desert, Okavango is the sanctuary of life. Zimbabwe: Matopo hills - "granite grave", Victoria Falls - "Smoke that thunders".
Lesson 5 South Africa: Mont-au-Source - Devil's Tooth, Table Mountain, Kengo Caves, Blyde River Canyon. Seychelles. Aldabra atoll. Lost Worlds of Madagascar: Lands of Tsinga. Kilimanjaro is a "sparkling" mountain.
Topic 2. Australia and Oceania (5 hours).
Lesson 6 Terra astraulis incognita. Interesting facts from the history of the discovery and exploration of Australia. Three Discoveries of Australia. How did the name "kangaroo" come about?
Lesson 7 Western Australia. The Pinnacles desert is an enchanted legion. Hamersley Gorges. Hillier is a "pink" lake. The striped cliffs of the Bungle Bungle.
Northern Territory. Goss Bluff is a mysterious crater. Ayers Rock - "fiery" rock, Olgas - mysterious domes. The virgin nature of Kakadu National Park. Around the billabong. Darwin.
Lesson 8 South Australia. The Simpson Desert is the "withered heart" of Australia. Lake Eyre: Pelican Nursery. Victoria. Port Campbell: Twelve Apostles, London Bridge.
Lesson 9 Queensland. Fraser is an island of sand. The Great Barrier Reef is the pearl of Australia. Great Dividing Range. Australian Alps. Bredknife - "Bread Knife" in the Warrumbangles. Vollaman Falls: sheer fall. Ball's pyramid. Sydney.
Canberra - Australian Capital Territory.
Lesson 10 New Zealand. Rotorua is a land of steam, fire and volcanic eruptions. Milford Sound: Green Tears, Rainforest, Anita Cove, Miter Peak, Sinbad Gorge, Sutherland Falls. Mount Egmont. Volcanoes of Tongariro.
Oceania. Bora Bora Lagoon is the pearl of the coral reefs of the Pacific Ocean.
Topic 3. Antarctica (1 hour).
Lesson 11 Antarctica is the coldest continent on the planet. Pages of the past of Antarctica. Interesting facts from the history of the discovery of the mainland. Unfulfilled prediction of J. Cook. Russian discovery of Antarctica. Captain Ross. Robert Scott - "Fight and seek, find and never give up." Conqueror of the South Pole. Dry valleys of Antarctica: Erebus, Terror, Ice column.
What are people doing in Antarctica? International scientific stations.
Topic 4: South America (5 hours).
Lesson 12 Interesting facts from the history of the study. Columbus mistake. Like rivers South America got their names. "Big foot" or giants of South America. Tierra del Fuego, the Strait of All Saints and the feat of Captain Drake. On the verge of death: French mathematicians in the wilds of South America.
Lesson 13 In the wilds of the Amazon. Pantanal - the vast swamps of South America. Land of the "Holy Cross": Rio de Janeiro - "Magic City", Brasilia. rubber fever. Ecuador. Galapagos Islands.
Colombia: Butterfly Park and Golden Mountain, on Columbus Peak. Museum of Gold, Salt Cathedral. Stone idols of San Augustin.
Lost Worlds of Venezuela. 100 mesas of the Guiana Plateau. Steep slopes of Autana. Roraima is a "floating" plateau. Angel - "Devil's Mouth"
Lesson 14 Peru. Lima is the capital of the conquistadors. Cuzco: in the footsteps of the Inca empire. Machu Picchu: the city of a lost civilization. Mysterious lines of Nazca. Following in the footsteps of the Chimu and Moche civilizations in the city of Vesna. Lake Titicaca: Island of the Sun. Kolka Canyon. Blooming candelabra.
Lesson 15 Chile. Salt lakes of the Andes: Laguna Colorada, Laguna Verde, polygonal salt marsh. Atacama: garua or 400 years without rain. Smoke mountain. Peine Mountains. Penitentes - "penitent sinners" of the Andes. Easter Island: the mysteries of history.
Lesson 16 Argentina: Iguazu and the Devil's Throat. Los Glaciares National Park: Moreno and Uppsala glaciers, Lago Argentino lake. Buenos Aires. Secrets and mysteries of Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia.
Topic 5. North America (5 hours).
Lesson 17 Interesting facts from the history of the study North America. Hernando Cortes in search of El Dorado. Drama Hudson. Mackenzie's feat. The Lewis and Clark Journey.
Lesson 18. Ice deserts of Ellesmere Island.
Canada: Mackenzie Delta, pingos are the evergreen islands of Canada. Nahanni River - "double thunder". Western Brook. Banff Lake District: Alpine Gem. Niagara - Thundering Water.
USA. Glacier Bay: green fjords and endless ice of Alaska. Brooks Ridge. Smoke, ashes and Katmai explosions.
Lesson 19 Yosemite Valley is a wonderland. What does Yosemite mean? The purple shadows of Half-Dom. Giant rock. Dancing Water: Upper Yosemite and Lower Yosemite Cascades.
Yellowstone is a visual guide to geology. Grand Prismatic. Obsidian Cliff - "glass" mountain. Old Faithfull: A reliable geyser. Terraces of Minerva. Trees turned to stone. Devil tower.
Lesson 20 Arches and stone rainbow of the Utah desert. Red pillars of Bryce Canyon. The Great Stepped Path. Lechuguilla Cave is a dangerous path. Grand Canyon. Bisty Wilderness: a moonlit landscape.
Arizona Crater and Monument Valley. Canyon de Chelly. Crater: lake-volcano. Valley of death. White Sands: gypsum desert. Mono Lake: double splendor.
Mammoth Cave: underground landscape. Everglades - "grass waters". Florida mangrove maze.
Lesson 21 Hawaiian volcanoes. Central America. Mexico's Cobre Canyon. Costa Rica: Poas Volcano.
New York and Washington: symbols of freedom. American dream: myth or reality?
Topic 6. Europe (5 hours).
Lesson 22 Northern Europe. Finland. Lake Inari. Sweden. Norway. The beauty and charm of the fjords: Sognefjord, Hardangerfjord. Trollshaugen. Bergen is the rainiest city in Europe. Monuments of Medieval Europe. Vikings. Denmark. Iceland. Vatnadjokull: both ice and fire. Big geyser and Strokkur.
Benelux countries. Belgium: Brussels, Bruges. Netherlands. Polders, dam, tulip paradise. Luxembourg.
Lesson 23. Great Britain. England and Wales: under one crown. The West Water: England's deepest lake. London: the "global" city at all times. Stonehenge. Great Glen Valley. Old Man of Storr: An old man from Storr. Gibraltar. Ireland: giant's path or 40,000 basalt columns. Cliffs of Moher: silence in the sound of the wind. Benbulbin: A History of a Mountain in Western Ireland.
France. Paris is the pearl of Europe. A holiday that is always with you. The Louvre is a collection of kings. Eiffel Tower. Castles of the Loire: history etched in stone. Chambord Castle. The deepest gorge in Europe - Verdon. The Mer de Glace is an icy sea. Mont Blanc. Monaco.
Germany. Berlin through the Brandenburg Gate. Palaces and parks of Potsdam and Berlin. The Sanssouci Museum is a monument to the former power of the Prussian kings. Cologne Cathedral. Dresden gallery. Valley of the Elbe. Austria. Vienna is the musical capital of the world. The Eisriesenwelt is the wonderland of the Austrian Alps. The Matterhorn is an overhanging peak. Switzerland through the prism of the Alps. Liechtenstein is a "fortified city".
Lesson 24 Southern Europe. Portugal is the "forge of travelers". Spain: home of flamenco and matadors. Solar pier. In the heart of the Pyrenees: Ordesa. Coto de Doñana: swamps and forests of southern Spain. The Alhambra is the pearl of Granada. The Alcazar Castle is the symbol of Toledo. Andorra. Italy. Rome: the eternal city. Cathedral of Saint Peter in Rome. The grandeur of the past. Venice is a sinking city. Leaning Tower of Pisa. Vatican city-state. Ritten idols. Dolomites. Mount Etna. San Marino. Greece. Athens Acropolis. Mount Athos. Samaria Gorge. Malta.
Balkan countries. Serbia. Kosovo. Bosnia and Herzegovina. Montenegro. Macedonia. Croatia: near the Adriatic Sea. Slovenia. Albania.
Lesson 25 Eastern Europe . Czech. Slovakia. Hungary: royal city on the banks of the Vltava. Romania. Moldova. Bulgaria. Poland. Belarus. Bialowieza Forest. Ukraine.
Baltic countries. Lithuania. Latvia. Estonia.
Topic 7. Asia (5 hours).
Lesson 26 Persia is the country of "gardens of magic". Syria. The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. Saudi Arabia: Holy Kaaba. Kuwait. United Arab Emirates. Qatar. Bahrain. Lebanon. Yemen. Jordan. Dead Sea: salty firmament. Oman. Lebanon. Israel. Jerusalem: Holy City. Cyprus. Turkey. Top Cape is a symbol of Istanbul. Cones of Cappadocia. Pamukkale: “the castle is a cotton fortress.” Iraq. Iran. Kopetdag - Lunar Mountains. Afghanistan: cold lakes of Bandi-Amir.
Lesson 27 Azerbaijan. Georgia. Armenia.
Lesson 28 India. Temple of the Sun in Konark. Temples of Khajuraho. Treasures of Agra (Taj Mahal). Amber Fort - a palace-fortress. Indus Valley: Lion River. Nepal. Valley of Kathmandu. Kali Gandak: A river that originates on the roof of the world. Chomolungma: Goddess of mountain snows. Butane. Pakistan. Bangladesh. Sri Lanka. Maldives.
Lesson 29. Kyrgyzstan. Tien Shan - "Heavenly Mountains". Issyk-Kul - "salt lake". Kazakhstan. Uzbekistan. Turkmenistan. Tajikistan.
Lesson 30. China. Spring Festival, or Chinese New Year. Gardens of Lion Grove, Master of Fishing Nets, Incapable Steward, Blessed Shadow. Beijing is the northern capital. Gugong is the "forbidden" city. The great Wall of China. Gorges of the Yangtze: oriental mystery, stairs in the rock. Huangshan - Yellow Mountain. Guilin hills: the charm of the Chinese landscape. Along the Great Silk Road. Takla-Makan: "Enter and you will not return." Lunan - Stone forest. Mongolia. Gobi - 1 million square kilometers of sand and stones. Japan. At the foot of Mount Fuji: in pink. Kyoto is a treasure trove of Japanese arts and traditions. DPRK. The Republic of Korea.
Lesson 31. Taiwan. Taroko Gorge. Myanmar. Vietnam. Laos. Cambodia. Thailand. Phangnga bay. Malaysia. Philippines. Chocolate Hills. Indonesia. Krakatoa: life returns. Keli Mutu: the chameleon of Flores Island. Brunei. Mulu caves: a karst wonder in the rainforest. Singapore.
Theme 8. Tourist and recreational potential of the globe (1 hour).
Lesson 32 A summary lesson.
III. Lesson-thematic course planning
"Interesting geography. Journey through countries and continents" for the 7th grade. (32 hours).
Lesson topic. |
Number of hours |
Practical work |
Form of control |
|
Topic 1. Africa (5 hours). |
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1.1. |
Interesting facts from the history of African exploration. Spaniards and Portuguese: to catch up and overtake each other. Juncker: in the wilds of Africa. A visiting card of Africa: Kilimanjaro is a “sparkling” mountain. |
Practical work N 1. Lay out on a map the travel routes of Portuguese and Spanish sailors, Juncker, Livingston. |
Test |
|
1.2. |
Tassilin-Ajjer: the mystery of the Sahara. Ahaggar Highlands. Egypt. Egypt is the "gift" of the Nile. Cairo: "Capital" of Africa. Pyramids at Giza. Temples of Karnak and Luxor. Tunisia: heritage of Carthage. Morocco: "red" city, Dades Gorge. Algiers: Oasis of Oulad Said. Ethiopia: Lake Asal, Danakil - "land of horror, hardship, death", Erta-Ale. |
Practical work N 2. Comparative characteristics of the peoples of North Africa. |
Quiz |
|
1.3. |
Kenya: Rudolph Lake, East Africa Alkaline Lakes. Congo: Rwenzori - "Mountains of the Moon" of Africa, "mighty river". Ghana: the "golden" coast of Africa. Zambia: Victoria Falls. Tanzania is a protected country: Ngoro-Ngoro is a “living laboratory”, the Ol-Doinyo-Lengai volcano is the “Mountain of God”, the Serengeti plateau. Namibia: Skeleton Coast, Etosha Basin - "Lake of Mirages". Botswana: The Kalahari Desert, Okavango is the sanctuary of life. Zimbabwe: Matopo hills - "granite grave", Victoria Falls - "Smoke that thunders". |
Practical work N 3. Characteristics of one of the reserves or national parks according to the plan in the form of an electronic presentation. |
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South Africa: Mont-au-Source - Devil's Tooth, Table Mountain, Kengo Caves, Blyde River Canyon. Seychelles. Aldabra atoll. Lost worlds Madagascar: the lands of tsingy. |
Test |
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Topic 2. Australia and Oceania (5 hours). |
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2.1. |
"Terra astraulis incognita". Interesting facts from the history of the discovery and exploration of Australia. Three Discoveries of Australia. How did the name "kangaroo" come about? |
Practical work N 1. Lay a map of the routes of the discoverers of Australia. |
Working with a contour map |
|
2.2. |
Western Australia. The Pinnacles desert is an enchanted legion. Hamersley Gorges. Hillier is a "pink" lake. The striped cliffs of the Bungle Bungle. |
Practical work number 2. We study the minerals of Australia. |
oral questioning |
|
2.3. |
Northern Territory. Goss Bluff is a mysterious crater. Ayers Rock - "fiery" rock, Olgas - mysterious domes. The virgin nature of Kakadu National Park. Around the billabong. Darwin. South Australia. The Simpson Desert is the "withered heart" of Australia. Lake Eyre: Pelican Nursery. Victoria. Port Campbell: Twelve Apostles, London Bridge. |
Study on "The Causes of Creek Formation in Australia" |
Test |
|
2.4. |
Queensland. Fraser is an island of sand. The Great Barrier Reef is the pearl of Australia. Great Dividing Range. Australian Alps. Bredknife - "Bread Knife" in the Warrumbangles. Vollaman Falls: sheer fall. Ball's pyramid. Sydney. Canberra - Australian Capital Territory. |
Excursion to the exhibition "Exotic inhabitants of the oceans of tropical latitudes" |
Card offset |
|
2.5. |
New Zealand. Rotorua is a land of steam, fire and volcanic eruptions. Milford Sound: Green Tears, Rainforest, Anita Cove, Miter Peak, Sinbad Gorge, Sutherland Falls. Mount Egmont. Volcanoes of Tongariro. Oceania. Bora Bora Lagoon is the pearl of the coral reefs of the Pacific Ocean. |
Creative work on the topic "Pacifida, Lemuria, Mu" - looking for evidence of the existence of the seventh continent east of Australia |
Reports with presentations |
|
Topic 3. Antarctica (1 hour). |
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3.1. |
Antarctica is the coldest continent on the planet. Pages of the past of Antarctica. Interesting facts from the history of the discovery of the mainland. Unfulfilled prediction of J. Cook. Russian discovery of Antarctica. Captain Ross. Robert Scott - "Fight and seek, find and never give up." Conqueror of the South Pole. Dry valleys of Antarctica: Erebus, Terror, Ice pillar. What are people doing in Antarctica? International scientific stations. |
Practical work number 1. Create a map scientific research in Antarctica. |
Test |
|
Test lesson on the topics Africa, Australia and Oceania, Antarctica. |
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Topic 4: South America (5 hours). |
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4.1. |
Interesting facts from the history of the study. Columbus mistake. How did the rivers of South America get their names? "Big foot" or giants of South America. Tierra del Fuego, the Strait of All Saints and the feat of Captain Drake. On the verge of death: French mathematicians in the wilds of South America. |
Practical work number 1. We create a visiting card of the mainland South America. |
oral questioning |
|
4.2. |
In the wilds of the Amazon. Pantanal - the vast swamps of South America. Land of the "Holy Cross": Rio de Janeiro - "Magic City", Brasilia. rubber fever. Ecuador. Galapagos Islands. Colombia: Butterfly Park and Golden Mountain, on Columbus Peak. Museum of Gold, Salt Cathedral. Stone idols of San Augustin. Lost Worlds of Venezuela. 100 mesas of the Guiana Plateau. Steep slopes of Autana. Roraima is a "floating" plateau. Angel - "Devil's Mouth" |
Practical work number 2. |
Test |
|
4.3. |
Peru. Lima is the capital of the conquistadors. Cuzco: in the footsteps of the Inca empire. Machu Picchu: the city of a lost civilization. Mysterious lines of Nazca. Following in the footsteps of the Chimu and Moche civilizations in the city of Vesna. Lake Titicaca: Island of the Sun. Kolka Canyon. Blooming candelabra. |
We carry out a study on the topic "Revealing the secrets of the origin of the mysterious Nazca lines" |
Electronic presentation |
|
4.4. |
Chile. Salt lakes of the Andes: Laguna Colorada, Laguna Verde, polygonal salt marsh. Atacama: garua or 400 years without rain. Smoke mountain. Peine Mountains. Penitentes - "penitent sinners" of the Andes. Easter Island: the mysteries of history. |
Practical work number 2. Create with Google Earth interactive map of tourist attractions in South America. |
Card offset |
|
4.5. |
Argentina: Iguazu and the Devil's Throat. Los Glaciares National Park: Moreno and Uppsala glaciers, Lago Argentino lake. Buenos Aires. Secrets and mysteries of Tierra del Fuego: Ushuaia. |
Practical work number 3. We create interactive map tourist attractions in south america |
Working with the map |
|
Topic 5. North America (5 hours). |
||||
5.1. |
Interesting facts from the history of the exploration of North America. Hernando Cortes in search of El Dorado. Drama Hudson. Mackenzie's feat. The Lewis and Clark Journey. Mexico's Cobre Canyon. Costa Rica: Poas Volcano. Hawaiian volcanoes. |
Practical work number 1. We create a tourist guide to the mainland of South America. |
Electronic presentation |
|
5.2. |
Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Ice deserts of Ellesmere Island. Canada: Mackenzie Delta, pingos are the evergreen islands of Canada. Nahanni River - "double thunder". Western Brook. Banff Lake District: Alpine Gem. Niagara - Thundering Water. |
Practical work No. 2. Comparison of the physical and geographical features of Russia and Canada. |
Test |
|
5.3. |
USA. New York and Washington: symbols of freedom. Glacier Bay: green fjords and endless ice of Alaska. Brooks Ridge. Smoke, ashes and Katmai explosions. Mammoth Cave: underground landscape. Great American Lakes. Everglades - "grass waters". Florida mangrove maze. |
Discussion Lesson: American Dream: Myth or Reality? |
Oral questioning of the participants of the discussion |
|
5.4. |
Yosemite Valley is a wonderland. What does Yosemite mean? The purple shadows of Half-Dom. Giant rock. Dancing Water: Upper Yosemite and Lower Yosemite Cascades. Yellowstone is a visual guide to geology. Grand Prismatic. Obsidian Cliff - "glass" mountain. Old Faithfull: A reliable geyser. Terraces of Minerva. Trees turned to stone. Devil tower. |
Practical work number 3. We study the phenomena of the "false geology" of Yellowstone. |
Determination of minerals by samples |
|
5.5. |
Arches and stone rainbow of the Utah desert. Red pillars of Bryce Canyon. The Great Stepped Path. Lechuguilla Cave is a dangerous path. Grand Canyon. Bisty Wilderness: a moonlit landscape. Arizona Crater and Monument Valley. Canyon de Chelly. Crater: lake-volcano. Valley of death. White Sands: gypsum desert. Mono Lake: double splendor. |
Round table meeting on the topic “Is it possible in Russia to switch from state reserves to national commercial parks according to the US experience?” |
Test |
|
Credit lesson on the topics of South and North America. |
Development of a tourist route along one of the studied continents. |
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Topic 6. Europe (5 hours). |
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6.1. |
Northern Europe. Finland. Lake Inari. Sweden. Norway. The beauty and charm of the fjords: Sognefjord, Hardangerfjord. Trollshaugen. Bergen is the rainiest city in Europe. Monuments of Medieval Europe. Vikings. Denmark. Iceland. Vatnadjokull: both ice and fire. Big geyser and Strokkur. Benelux countries. Belgium: Brussels, Bruges. Netherlands. Polders, dam, tulip paradise. Luxembourg. |
Practical work number 1. |
||
6.2. |
Western Europe. Great Britain. England and Wales: under one crown. The West Water: England's deepest lake. London: the "global" city at all times. Stonehenge. Great Glen Valley. Old Man of Storr: An old man from Storr. Gibraltar. Ireland: giant's path or 40,000 basalt columns. Cliffs of Moher: silence in the sound of the wind. Benbulbin: A History of a Mountain in Western Ireland. |
Practical work number 1. We create an electronic route "In the footsteps of the Vikings". |
||
6.3. |
France. Paris is the pearl of Europe. A holiday that is always with you. The Louvre is a collection of kings. Eiffel Tower. Castles of the Loire: history etched in stone. Chambord Castle. The deepest gorge in Europe - Verdon. The Mer de Glace is an icy sea. Mont Blanc. Monaco. |
Test |
||
6.4. |
Germany. Berlin through the Brandenburg Gate. Palaces and parks of Potsdam and Berlin. The Sanssouci Museum is a monument to the former power of the Prussian kings. Cologne Cathedral. Dresden gallery. Valley of the Elbe. Austria. Vienna is the musical capital of the world. The Eisriesenwelt is the wonderland of the Austrian Alps. The Matterhorn is an overhanging peak. Switzerland through the prism of the Alps. Liechtenstein is a "fortified city". |
Practical work number 2. |
||
6.5. |
Southern Europe. Portugal is the "forge of travelers". Spain: home of flamenco and matadors. Solar pier. In the heart of the Pyrenees: Ordesa. Coto de Doñana: swamps and forests of southern Spain. The Alhambra is the pearl of Granada. The Alcazar Castle is the symbol of Toledo. Andorra. Italy. Rome: the eternal city. Cathedral of Saint Peter in Rome. The grandeur of the past. Venice is a sinking city. Leaning Tower of Pisa. Vatican city-state. Ritten idols. Dolomites. Mount Etna. San Marino. Greece. Athens Acropolis. Mount Athos. Samaria Gorge. Malta. |
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Topic 7. Asia (5 hours). |
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7.1. |
Southwest Asia.Persia is the country of "gardens of magic". Syria. The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. Saudi Arabia: Holy Kaaba. Kuwait. United Arab Emirates. Qatar. Bahrain. Lebanon. Yemen. Jordan. Dead Sea: salty firmament. Oman. Lebanon. Israel. Jerusalem: Holy City. Cyprus. Turkey. Top Cape is a symbol of Istanbul. Cones of Cappadocia. Pamukkale: “the castle is a cotton fortress.” Iraq. Iran. Kopetdag - Lunar Mountains. Afghanistan: cold lakes of Bandi-Amir. |
Practical work No. 1. Creating an interactive map of Marco Polo's travel route |
Working with the map |
|
7.2. |
South Asia.India. Temple of the Sun in Konark. Temples of Khajuraho. Treasures of Agra (Taj Mahal). Amber Fort - a palace-fortress. Indus Valley: Lion River. Nepal. Valley of Kathmandu. Kali Gandak: A river that originates on the roof of the world. Chomolungma: Goddess of mountain snows. Butane. Pakistan. Bangladesh. Sri Lanka. Maldives. |
Practical work number 2. We create the game "Peoples of Asia". |
Test |
|
7.3. |
Republic of the Caucasus.Azerbaijan. Georgia. Armenia. central Asia. Kyrgyzstan. Tien Shan - "Heavenly Mountains". Issyk-Kul - "salt lake". Kazakhstan. Uzbekistan. Turkmenistan. Tajikistan. |
Practical work number 2. We create the game "Peoples of Asia". |
Game presentation |
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7.4. |
East Asia. China. Spring Festival, or Chinese New Year. Gardens of Lion Grove, Master of Fishing Nets, Incapable Steward, Blessed Shadow. Beijing is the northern capital. Gugong is the "forbidden" city. The great Wall of China. Gorges of the Yangtze: oriental mystery, stairs in the rock. Huangshan - Yellow Mountain. Guilin hills: the charm of the Chinese landscape. Along the Great Silk Road. Takla-Makan: "Enter and you will not return." Lunan - Stone forest. Mongolia. Gobi - 1 million square kilometers of sand and stones. Japan. At the foot of Mount Fuji: in pink. Kyoto is a treasure trove of Japanese arts and traditions. DPRK. The Republic of Korea. |
Practical work number 3. We create the game "Flags of the countries of the world" |
Test |
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7.5. |
Southeast Asia. Taiwan. Taroko Gorge. Myanmar. Vietnam. Laos. Cambodia. Thailand. Phangnga bay. Malaysia. Philippines. Chocolate Hills. Indonesia. Krakatoa: life returns. Keli Mutu: the chameleon of Flores Island. Brunei. Mulu caves: a karst wonder in the rainforest. Singapore. |
Practical work number 4. Using the project method, we create |
oral questioning |
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Theme 8. Tourist and recreational potential of the globe (1 hour). |
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8.1. |
A summary lesson. |
Project activity in groups of 2-3 people on the topic: "Tourist and recreational potential of the globe." |
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Total hours: |
IV. Bibliographic list.
- Alekseev A.I. The program of the course "Geography of Russia" (grades 6-7). 2005.
- Whole world: Countries. Flags. Coats of arms. - Minsk: Harvest, 1999. (encyclopedic dictionary)
- Geography. Weekly methodical newspaper for teachers of geography, ecology and natural history of the Publishing House “First of September”. No. 19, No. 20, No. 42 - 2004.
- I.V. Dushina, T.L. Smoktunovich. Geography. 7th grade. Continents, oceans, peoples and countries: Regional Studies. M.: Ventana-Graf, 2007, 288 p.
- I.V. Dushina, T.L. Smoktunovich. The peoples of the world. Book for reading in geography. M.: Balass, 2004, 272 p.
- Kuznetsov A.P. Reader in economic geography foreign countries. 2004.
- Kuznetsov A.P. Geography: Earth and people. Moscow: Enlightenment, 2007. 175 p.
- Maksakovskiy V.P. Geographical picture of the world. Yaroslavl: Upper Volga, 1998.
- Maksakovskiy V.P. Economic and social geography of the world. - M .: Education, 2001.
- Maksakovskiy V.P. Development and geography of international tourism. / Geography at school.
- Rodin I.O., Pimenova T.M. All countries of the world. – M.: Veche, 2003.
- Most Beautiful places peace. M.: World of Encyclopedias Avanta +, Astrel, 2007, 180 p.
- The most beautiful places on the planet. M.: World of Encyclopedias Avanta +, Astrel, 2007, 480 p.
- Tomilin A.N. How people studied their Earth. Moscow: Education, 2008. 160 p.
- Williams L. Earth sciences without secrets. M.: Eksmo, 2009. 432 p.
- Encyclopedia of Natural Wonders. M .: CJSC "Publishing House Reader's Digest", 2000, 456 p.
- http://www.krugosvet.ru
- http://www.geografia.ru
- http://www.carib.ru
- http://www.vokrugsveta.ru
- http://www.skitalets.ru
- http://www.rgo.ru
- http://www.glossary.ru
- http://www.rcio.rsu.ru
MY RUSSIA: A BIG JOURNEY
My Russia: a great journey. The program of the academic discipline for students in grades 8-9 of schools with in-depth study of foreign languages. Baskevich I.A. Perm, Perm. un-t, 2007. 12 p.
I
A number of factors over the past decade have contributed to the decline in interest in geography and the popularity of the latter. In particular, unfortunately, the idea of nature as a single whole was lost, a complex and essentially indivisible complex of natural phenomena was artificially disassembled, divided. The transition from live communication, discussions at the exam to the form of the exam. The subsequent abolition of the USE in geography as entrance exam for a number of popular specialties in universities has significantly reduced the motivation for students to master the mandatory minimum.
Under these conditions, it is necessary to re-develop interest in geography, to make geography "alive". However, it is not always possible to implement this within the framework of the mandatory curriculum for a number of reasons.
In particular, in the course of studying the course "Physical Geography of Russia", students receive a general idea of the entire territory of Russia. But the general idea is very often not enough. It is impossible to understand the nature of any country by studying it only in terms of individual components. Dressing up figuratively, at the same time you “you won’t see the forest for the trees”, behind the random - natural. But one of the main tasks of geography today is to connect the most important departments modern natural science with the individual and society. Therefore, a significant role in this course is given to the creation of students' figurative representations that characterize appearance cities of our country, cultural customs and traditions of the peoples inhabiting it, life, living conditions, economic activity, etc.
The development of domestic tourism over the past decade gives us the opportunity to travel throughout the country, including to the most remote corners. Traveling with a class, traveling with parents by car in their own region or beyond - this is just a partial list of opportunities for a student today. The possibility of using the most modern means of navigation and geographic information systems in such trips dictates the need for training and developing skills in working with such technologies. In this regard, within the framework of this course, students get acquainted with the above-mentioned technologies.
2. Features of the course.
The purpose of the course “My Russia. Great Journey” – the development of the geographical outlook of students, increasing interest in the geography of their native country.
The course "My Russia: a great journey" (total volume of 32 academic hours) is designed for students in grades 8-9 of schools with in-depth study of foreign languages.
The program of the course "My Russia: a great journey" corresponds to the goals of pre-profile training in the field of foreign languages and regional studies, gives students the opportunity to become more familiar with the sights of their native country, and is new for students. The novelty lies in the fact that this course is not studied in the school curriculum.
The modern world is very interesting and attractive because meeting with it is an acquaintance with the beautiful and the unknown. Each student discovers something new for himself. Traveling as part of the course through the regions of Russia through the figurative stories of a guide-teacher or colorful video films, students will be interested in already familiar images - the Moscow Kremlin, the Volga, and completely new, unknown sights of Russia - unique corners of nature reserves.
During the development of the course, students may: activities, as project assignments, press conferences, work with statistical material, correspondence and internal excursions, multimedia lessons, work with interactive electronic maps.
The result of successful completion of the program can serve as participation in geographical quizzes, competitions, intellectual games on the geography of Russia. The geographical knowledge obtained within the framework of this course can later serve as the basis for preparing students for the choice of certain professions related to with tourism and service, excursion activities.
Students should know (explain):
- the history of the study and development of the territory of Russia;
- natural features of the regions of Russia;
- famous and most interesting sights.
Students should be able to (name, show):
- freely talk about the diversity of natural conditions in Russia;
- work with various sources of geographic information;
- navigate the map;
- freely talk about the sights of various regions of Russia.
The system for assessing the success of the course
During the course of this course, 2 credits(intermediate) practical work and 1 final- at the last lesson. Credit works- the role of a guide in one of the regions of Russia. Final credit work– participation in a presentation on the sights of Russia at the choice of the student. After completing the practical work, the grade “passed” or “failed” is put.
3. General objectives of the program:
- call interest to subject "Physical geography of Russia", desire to study this topic further.
- expand the geographic horizons of students, prepare for the perception of the compulsory academic discipline "Socio-economic geography of Russia".
- in the process of studying the course, to acquaint students with various modern technologies, methods and forms of presentation of geographic information
- in the process of studying the topic develop capabilities to self-determination, it is possible to determine the future profile of the profession related to geography.
4. General tasks of the program:
- get acquainted with the features of the physical and geographical position of Russia and the history of the development of their native country;
- expand students' understanding of the diversity of natural conditions in Russia;
- arouse interest in home country, natural and cultural heritage of Russia through acquaintance with cultural and natural attractions;
- expand knowledge about the capital of the Russian Federation and the largest regions of Russia;
- get acquainted with the UNESCO Program for the Protection of World Heritage Sites in Russia;
- to cultivate respect for the native country and people of other nationalities living in Russia.
5. Information support of the course. This course is provided with the following information materials from the funds of the Department of Tourism, Faculty of Geography, Perm State University :
a set of videos about natural conditions, sights of various countries of the world,
· popular science books, articles and other materials about the sights of Russia, including modern reference books.
All information material underlies the study of this elective course.
II. The content of the course “My Russia. Great Journey" for grades 8-9.
(32 hours).
Topic 1. Visiting card of Russia: territory, nature, population (1 hour).
Russia on the world map. State territory of Russia. What place does Russia occupy among other countries of the world? The size and configuration of the territory of Russia, their impact on the life and activities of people. Russian borders. What is the place of Russia in Europe and Asia?
Theme 2. Russian spaces: questions and problems (1 hour).
Territory and water area of Russia. What regions is the territory of Russia divided into? Geographical division of the territory of Russia. The role of nature in shaping Russian state. Natural regions of Russia. Economically active area. Economic regions of Russia. Russian Zone North and problems of its development.
Theme 3. Administrative and territorial structure of Russia (1 hour).
What is an administrative-territorial division? Russia is a federal state. Features of the administrative-territorial structure of Russia. Subjects of the Federation and their diversity. federal districts. Cities of federal significance.
Topic 4. Cities of Federal significance (2 hours).
Moscow: through the prism of time. Kremlin. China town. Boulevard ring. Garden Ring road. Zamoskvorechye. Museums of Moscow and Moscow region.
St. Petersburg: strokes to the biography. Northern palmyra. Peter-Pavel's Fortress. Admiralty and St. Isaac's Cathedral. Palace Square and the Hermitage. Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Spit of Vasilyevsky Island. Bridges, canals and embankments of St. Petersburg. Summer Garden, Field of Mars, Mikhailovsky Castle, Arts Square. Strelna. Peterhof. Pushkin. Pavlovsk. Kronstadt. Shlisselburg.
Topic 5. Central Russia (2 hours).
Along the Golden Ring of Russia. Spiritual shrines of Russia. Vladimir. Suzdal. Goose-Crystal. Sergiev Posad. Pereslavl-Zalessky. Rostov the Great. Yaroslavl. Uglich. Kostroma. Ples.
Natural pearls of the Valdai Upland: in the upper reaches of the Volga, lakes Valdai, Ilmen, Seliger. Rybinsk reservoir. Meshchera is a "wilderness" in the center of Russia.
Topic 6. Russian North (2 hours).
Kola Peninsula and Khibiny.
Karelia is the land of water and stone. Petrozavodsk. Ladoga. Onega lake. Kizhi. White Sea.
Cleanliness and light of Vologda and Arkhangelsk. Kholmogory. Kargopol and environs. Kotlas and Solvychegodsk. Solovetsky Islands. Belozersk. Veliky Ustyug is the "homeland" of Father Frost.
The beauty of the northern rivers is the Northern Dvina, Sukhona, Onega, Pinega.
Topic 7. Russian Baltic (1 hour).
Curonian spit. Zelenogradsk. Curonian National Park. Lake Chaika and Emerald. Dune Walnut. Kaliningrad.
Topic 8. The Volga region (1 hour).
National parks of the Volga region. Mariy Chodra. Lower Kama. Nechkinsky. Smolny. Chavash Varmane. Samarskaya Luka. Khvalynsky.
Topic 9. South of Russia and the South Russian steppe (2 hours).
Island forests of the Central Russian Upland. Prioksko-Terrasny Biosphere Reserve. Central Black Earth Reserve.
Divnogorye: the pearl of the middle Don, cave temples of the Big and Small Divs. Gallic Mountain. Reserve "Chernye Zemli" in Kalmykia.
Theme 10. North Caucasus (2 hours).
North Caucasus. Geographical position. The highest and youngest mountains in Russia. Altitudinal zonation of the Caucasus. Natural resource potential of the North Caucasus.
Caucasian Biosphere Reserve. Highland reserves of the Caucasus: Teberdinsky, Kabardino-Balkarian, North Ossetian. Krasnaya Polyana.
Elbrus. Nature park near Elbrus.
The Black Sea coast of Russia: from Novorossiysk to Adler.
Topic 11. Ural (2 hours).
Ural is a stone belt of the Russian land. Geological history of the Ural Mountains. In the underground storerooms of the Urals. Cities of the Urals: Perm, Yekaterinburg.
Natural unique Urals from Pai-Khoi to Mugodzhar. Polar Ural: from Constantine's Stone to the sources of Khulga. Subpolar Urals: Stone placer, Torgovoe lake, edge of glaciers. Northern Ural: Manpupuner plateau, Vishera reserve, Tulymsky stone, Kvarkush plateau. Middle Ural: Mount Kolpaki, Reserve Basegi. Southern Urals: Ilmensky Reserve.
Topic 12. Western Siberia (4 hours).
Peculiarities geographical location. The specific nature of the region. History of development. Natural resources West Siberian Plain.
Yugra - ancient land. Khanty-Mansiysk and environs. Park Samarovsky Chugas. Ob. Nizhnevartovsk: lake Samotlor. Samotlor deposit.
Tyumen region. Tobolsk is dear to the Decembrists.
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Beliefs of the Nenets. Reindeer Day. Protected areas. Mangazeya. The northern counterpart of BAM is the Transpolar Highway. Salekhard - Labytnangi - Nadym.
Omsk region: Gustav Gasfort, Omsk fortress, "five lakes".
Novosibirsk region. Novosibirsk is the "science city" of Russia. Baraba Plain. Umrevinsky prison. Paleolithic site "Wolf's Mane". Lakes: Ubinskoye, Chany, Karachi.
Tomsk Region: Talovskie Chalices. Ob-Yenisei waterway.
Topic 13. Central Siberia (4 hours).
Features of the geographical position, the history of the development of the region. The specificity of nature: from the height of the Central Siberian Plateau, the edge of the great rivers and the "sea of the taiga".
Krasnoyarsk region. Krasnoyarsk is the largest city in Eastern Siberia. Steamboat-museum "Saint Nicholas". State Nature Reserve "Krasnoyarsk Pillars". "Pallas iron" - the famous iron stone meteorite. Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP. Lake Tiberkul. Along the Yenisei
Evenk Autonomous Okrug. Lake Vivi is the geographical center of Russia. Khatanga is the "gateway" to the North Pole.
Taimyrsky (Dolgano-Nenets Autonomous Okrug). Dudinka. Norilsk. Mammoth Museum. Dixon Island. Taimyr nature reserve. Putorana Plateau: Talnikovy waterfall. Heiro is the festival of the Sun.
Topic 14. Mountains of Southern Siberia (2 hours).
Features of the nature of the mountain belt of Southern Siberia. Lake Baikal is the pearl of Siberia. Reasons for the uniqueness of Baikal. The value of Baikal resources. Ecological problems of Baikal. Baikal State Biosphere Reserve.
Altai region. Barnaul. Biysk. Altai Republic. Gorno-Altaisk. Teletskoye Lake and Mount Belukha.
Topic 15. North-Eastern Siberia (2 hours).
Eastern Siberia: the grandeur and severity of nature. History of development of the region.
Features of the nature of North-Eastern Siberia. Eastern Siberia is the land of the future.
The reserve "Wrangel Island" is a corner of the unique Arctic nature.
Topic 16. Far East (2 hours).
The Far East is a land of contrasts. The unique natural resource potential of the Far East. Features of natural conditions of the Far East. Natural disasters: volcanoes, earthquakes, tsunamis.
Kamchatka. Volcanoes and geysers of Kamchatka. Primorsky Krai: on the shores of the Sea of Japan. Sakhalin. Kurile Islands. Far Eastern Marine Reserve. Cruise on the Amur.
Final project work (1 hour).
III. REFERENCES
1. Alpatiev A.M., Arkhangelsky A.M. Physical geography of the USSR, part III. M., 1976. 348 p.
2. Botvinnikov V. I. Mineral resources of Siberia and the Far East. M., 1975.
3. Gvozdetsky N. A. Soviet geographical research and discoveries. M., 1967.
4. Davydova M.I., Rakovskaya E.M., Tushinsky G.K. Physical geography of the USSR. T. 1. M., Enlightenment, 1989
5. Milkov F.N., Gvozdetsky N.A. Physical geography of the USSR. General review. European part. Caucasus. M., Enlightenment, 1986
6. Rakovskaya E.M., Davydova M.I. Physical geography of Russia. Part 1-2. M., Vlados, 2001
7. The most beautiful and famous places in Russia. Ed. O.E.Eliseeva. M.: Avanta, 2006. 184 p.
8. The most beautiful and famous places in Moscow. Ed. I.P. Merkin. M.: Avanta, 2009. 180 p.
9. Russian churches. M.: Avanta, 2010. 188 p.
10. "Physical-geographical zoning of the USSR". M., 1986.
11. V.E. Shanin, V.A. Agronsky. Seven wonders of Russia and 42 more sights you need to know. Moscow: Eksmo, 2009. 224 p.
INTERESTING GEOGRAPHY.
Interesting geography. Academic discipline program for students6th grade schools with in-depth study of foreign languages. Baskevich I.A. Perm, Perm. un-t, 2006. 8 p.
I. Organizational and methodological section
1. Purpose of the course
The main goal of the course is to acquaint students with the features of the science of geography; define the most important concepts related to geography; characterize the main directions of development of science and practice of geography.
2. Course objectives
1. Define the concept of "geography".
2. To trace the history of the development of people's knowledge about the Earth.
3. Learn the history of the emergence and formation of the Earth as a planet and its individual shells.
4. Track the evolution of the development of living organisms on Earth.
5. To reveal the role of geography in modern society.
3. Requirements for the level of mastering the course content
Students should get an idea of the basic concepts in the field of geography, understand the essence of the main sections of geography, understand the connection between geography and the possibility of solving life problems with its help.
II. The content of the course "Entertaining geography", grade 6 (32 hours).
Topic 1. How people discovered the Earth.
1. Who are geographers? From watchmen to topographers.
2. What did the ancients know about our world? Interesting facts.
3. As in ancient times, different peoples imagined our planet: three elephants and a turtle.
4.Geography in the Middle Ages. Swim to the ends of the earth. Interesting facts.
5.What gave mankind the era of the great geographical discoveries. Cape of Storms or Good Hope?
6. How were all the continents discovered and explored?
Topic 2. Images earth's surface and their use.
1. How did the globe appear?
2. Making a model of the Earth - a globe.
3. Acquaintance with the plan of the area. Treasure search.
4. Building a plan of the area in the school area.
5. Map - the "language" of geography. The history of the cards. Ancient (Ptolemy's map, ancient Greek maps) and modern maps.
6. Entertaining geography. Colors and lines on bump maps.
7. Get acquainted with the coordinate grid.
Topic 3. We and the solar system?
1. We and our neighbors in the Universe.
2. Stars and constellations.
3. The sun is a familiar and unknown star.
4. How is the solar system arranged?
5. How is our planet arranged?
6. Sunlight on Earth.
Topic 4. What do we know about the shape of our planet today?
1. Modern geographical science.
2. Is it a "globe"?
3. Mandarin or orange? The British and French are arguing about the shape of the Earth.
4. How geographers in the wilds of South America invented a unit of measurement - a meter.
5. What is a geoid?
Topic 5. What do we know about the planetary properties of the Earth?
1. What properties can a planet have?
2. What would happen if ...
3. How the law of universal gravitation was discovered.
4. In search of the gravitational constant.
Topic 6. Why is the Earth a magnet?
1.Where is the earth magnet hidden?
2.Experiences of Dr. Gilbert, medical officer of the queen.
3.Can you see the magnetic field?
4. How the compass appeared. Interesting facts.
Topic 7. In the bowels of the Earth.
1. How to study the internal structure of the Earth.
2. "Journey" to the center of the Earth.
3. What does the Earth's mantle consist of?
4. Model of our planet.
5. Core: secrets of the "heart" of the Earth.
6.12 steps to the realm of Pluto.
Topic 8. The earth is the breadwinner.
1. Where do rocks and minerals come from?
2. Rocks, minerals and boundaries of lithospheric plates.
3.What are minerals? One of the earliest treasures of the Earth, which people met.
4. How ores are born. Ores on the ocean floor.
5. Rare minerals and rocks. Precious and semi-precious stones.
6. Storerooms of the Urals.
Topic 9. The atmosphere is the air shell of the Earth.
1. What is weather and climate. Interesting facts.
2. How did the atmosphere appear. Proof of the existence of air.
3.The hottest, coldest, wettest, etc.
4. Amazing meteorological phenomena: rainbow. Working with photographs.
5. How the weather is predicted.
6.Climatic epochs on Earth. Ice Age.
7. How cities affect the Earth's climate. Greenhouse effect. Global warming.
8.Ozone layer.
Topic 10. Hydrosphere - water shell Earth.
1. World Ocean. Seas. Interesting facts.
2. Tsunami.
3. Black Sea: interesting facts, flora and fauna.
4. Rivers. Most long rivers peace.
5. Famous waterfalls of the world.
6. Lakes and swamps.
7. Glaciers and permafrost.
Topic 11. Biosphere - the living shell of the Earth.
1. Why did life arise on Earth? Is there life on Mars?
2. Amazing animals of planet Earth.
3. Amazing plants of planet Earth.
4. Ecological problems. Acid rain. Deforestation of the Amazon rainforest.
5. Rare and endangered animals and plants.
III. Bibliographic list.
1. Alekseev A.I. The program of the course "Geography of Russia" (grades 6-7). 2005.
2.Worldwide: Countries. Flags. Coats of arms. - Minsk: Harvest, 1999. (encyclopedic dictionary)
3. Geography. Weekly methodical newspaper for teachers of geography, ecology and natural history of the Publishing House “First of September”. No. 19, No. 20, No. 42 - 2004.
4. Kuznetsov A.P. Reader on the economic geography of foreign countries. 2004.
5. Kuznetsov A.P. Geography: Earth and people. Moscow: Enlightenment, 2007. 175 p.
6. Maksakovsky V.P. Geographical picture of the world.-Yaroslavl.: Upper Volga, 1998.
7. Maksakovsky V.P. Economic and social geography of the world. - M .: Education, 2001.
8. Maksakovsky V.P. Development and geography of international tourism. / Geography at school.
9. Nekrasova A. Geography of the “Golden Ring” of Russia. Course work. 2006.
10. Ovchinnikov N. Sights of the countries of the former republics. Course work. 2007
11. Rodin I.O., Pimenova T.M. All countries of the world. – M.: Veche, 2003.
12.Tomilin A.N. How people studied their Earth. Moscow: Education, 2008. 160 p.
"KNOW YOUR LAND"
Know your edge. The program of the academic discipline for students in grades 8-9 of schools with in-depth study of foreign languages. Perm, Perm. un-t, 2009. 10 p.
I.Organizational and methodological section
The course "Know your land" is designed for students in grades 8-9 general education schools and implements a local history approach in teaching geography. The frequency of classes is one hour per week, or 32 hours (at the expense of the regional component or the component of the educational institution). It is possible to study the course in the 10th grade - 1 hour per week, or 32 hours (at the expense of the regional component in economics). This program is a modification of the program "Physical and socio-economic geography of the Perm region", developed by the senior methodologist of PKIPKRO Kotelnikova G.I.
For this course, the teacher can use the educational and methodological complex, which includes:
Textbook head. Department of Physical Geography PSU Nazarova N.N. "Geography of the Perm region";
Atlas of the Perm region;
Workbook with a set of contour maps.
The program of the course corresponds to the age characteristics of the students. It reflects a specific range of issues that make up its content, the sequence of its study, distribution in time within subject. The program provides for the repetition of well-known general geographical concepts that are necessary for understanding and conscious assimilation of the socio-economic geography of the native land. Known concepts are concretized, refined and enriched with new content.
This course is primarily applied in nature. The main objectives of the course:
Formation of students' geographical image of their small homeland;
Development of skills and abilities, methods of educational, cognitive, communicative, practical, creative activities of students, their gaining experience in this activity;
Preparing students to use the experience gained at school in real life to solve practical problems;
Adoption of the values of civil society and the rule of law democratic state;
Formation of the personality of the student.
To implement the target setting, the main emphasis is on the knowledge of the characteristic geographical features of the Perm Territory. On the concrete examples in their region, students should see the connection between natural conditions and resources and the economic activity of the population, identify how rational the use of natural resources is, what impact enterprises have on the natural environment. When studying the region (city, town, village), one must remember that these territorial and economic units do not develop in isolation, but are connected by numerous threads with various settlements, administrative districts, regions of Russia, and other states. This leads to an understanding of the relationship between global and regional processes.
Working with the textbook "Geography of the Perm Region", a workbook with a set of contour maps provide the teacher with great opportunities for organizing a variety of student activities in the classroom, in choosing teaching methods and means.
Working with the textbook involves studying the main text of the paragraph. The material marked with the heading "It's interesting" is studied by students, but is not subject to control. To test the basic knowledge, students are offered questions and tests at the beginning of the paragraph, newly acquired knowledge - at the end of the paragraph. The development of logical thinking of schoolchildren is facilitated by questions in the text of the paragraph in the course of the presentation of the topic. Tasks under the heading "Think and answer" are aimed at solving these problems.
A lot of practical tasks placed in the textbook involve the analysis of statistical tables, diagrams, graphs, as well as physical and socio-economic maps of the Atlas of the Perm Region. These tasks, which require answers to the questions “How?”, “Why?”, “Why?”, “What does this indicate?”, teach students to analyze, reason, require an assessment of certain socio-economic processes and phenomena, their influence on the prospects for the development of the region's economy. This should be the main focus.
The workbook contains tasks, the implementation of which involves filling in tables, contour maps, solving problems, plotting graphs, and written answers. There are materials for current and final testing.
In the course program, 4 hours are devoted to a comprehensive economic and geographical description of the place of residence (city, town, village). The workbook contains diagrams of the economic and geographical characteristics of the city (urban-type settlement) and rural locality that students should use when doing their work.
The methodology for studying the economic and social geography of one's locality is varied. The collection of information for a comprehensive description of economic and geographical objects includes independent work with textbooks, scientific, publicistic and fiction, periodicals, analysis of various physical and socio-economic maps of the Atlas of the Perm region. When characterizing the population and the economy, it is necessary to use the latest statistical data, which, as part of the study of this course, students access through the database of the federal state statistics service.
This course allows not only to acquire knowledge, to consolidate and develop the skills, abilities and methods of activity of students, but also to teach how to use them in practical activities and Everyday life to contribute to the formation of the student's personality. The use of English-language versions of the Google Earth, In Design software allows you to apply the linguistic competencies obtained during the in-depth study of the English language in practice in a geographical subject area.
The study of one's native land presupposes acquaintance not only with economic successes, but also with problems and possible ways of solving them. This is for schoolchildren, most of whom, after leaving school, remain to work in their hometown (town, village), a kind of setting professional tasks for the future. Studying the geography of their locality should make them proud of the economic successes of their small homeland, grief for failures, and most importantly, a desire to work for its benefit. This is the expression of love for one's Fatherland, for one's native land.
As a result of studying the course, students should:
Know/Understand:
Basic geographical concepts and terms;
Physical and geographical position and features of the natural conditions of the territory;
The specifics of the economic and geographical position, area, boundaries and administrative-territorial division of the region;
The importance of the Perm Territory in the Russian economy;
Features of the placement of natural resources;
Population size, features of its natural and mechanical movement, gender and age structure, national composition, distribution of urban and rural population.
Labor resources, standard of living of the population;
The importance of industry in the economy, the development and location of industries industrial production;
Level of development and geography of branches of the non-productive sphere of the economy;
Peculiarities of external economic relations of the Perm Territory, the structure of exports and imports, the main trading partners;
Differences in economic development, the relationship between geographical location, natural conditions, resources and the economy of individual regions.
Be able to:
Work with the text of the textbook, with the physical and socio-economic maps of the Atlas, with statistical materials;
Perform and analyze graphs, diagrams, charts, diagrams and maps;
Reveal causal relationships between phenomena and processes;
Give examples, argue, draw conclusions and generalizations;
Compare, classify, rank economic and geographical objects;
Assess the importance of the issues under consideration for the life of people, their economic activity;
Identify problems and possible solutions;
Practically master the elements of analysis and forecast of geographical situations in the region (city, town, village).
Use the acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and everyday life for:
Reading cards of various content;
Analysis of statistical and graphic materials of economic and geographical content;
Independent collection, systematization and creative processing of geographic information from various sources (statistical, cartographic, textual, etc.);
Geographical interpretation of natural, economic and social phenomena and processes on the territory of the Perm Territory using different forms of their presentation;
Understanding the geographical specifics of individual regions of the region;
Preservation of the environment and socially responsible behavior in it;
To adapt to the constantly changing socio-economic environment.
II.Thematic course planning
Topic 1. Physical and geographical position of the Perm region (2 hours).
Territory, borders and geographic location. General characteristics of the nature of the Perm region. Visiting card of the Perm Territory.
Practical work N 1 . Drawing on the contour map of the borders of the Perm Territory, extreme points, their coordinates, border regions of the Russian Federation, administrative districts of the Perm Territory, their centers. Assessment of the influence of geographical location on the natural conditions of the region.
Topic 2. Zoning of the territory of the Perm Territory (2 hours).
Physical-geographical zoning: Urals and Cis-Urals. Administrative-territorial structure of the Perm region. From the history of the formation of the Perm region and the Komi - Perm Autonomous Okrug.
Topic 3. Peculiarities of the geological structure of the territory of the Perm Territory (4 hours).
History of geographical development. Geological scale. R. I. Murchison and the Permian period. History of the development of the nature of the Cis-Urals and the Urals. Museum of Perm Antiquities. Permian lizards. Geography of the Perm Sea.
Topic 4. The relief of the territory of the Perm region and its features (4 hours).
Cis-Urals. Northern Ridges. Upper Kama Upland. Tulva Upland. Ufa plateau. Kondas and Xenophon's Ridges. Usinskaya hill. Veslyanskaya, Yazvinsko-Vishera and Sredne-Kosvinskaya lowlands.
Ural. Low mountains of the Middle and Northern Urals. Middle mountains of the Northern Urals. Characteristics of the orographic regions of the Urals.
Small forms of the earth's surface. Karst. The famous "stones" of the Urals. Caves of the Kama region.
Practical work №2. Drawing on the contour map the names of the main landforms. Establishment of patterns of their placement based on the analysis of maps.
Topic 5. Minerals of the Perm region (6 hours).
Mineral resources: what is rich in Perm region.
combustible minerals. Kizelovsky coal basin. The history of the discovery of the Kama oil. Verkhnechusovskie towns - "the second Baku".
Ore minerals. The history of the development of the Gornozavodsk Urals: from Petrovsky times to the present day. Through the old Ural factories.
Nonmetallic minerals. Silvinite is a miracle of the Kama region. Perm Territory and Uralkali: role, significance in the Russian potash industry. Volkonskoit and paleontological finds in Ocher.
Gems of Prikamye. Quartz pantries of the Perm region. History of the diamond and gold mining industry of the Urals.
Practical work №3. Establishment of regularities in the distribution of minerals based on the analysis of maps (in the atlas and textbook). Development of an electronic map of mineral resources of the Perm Territory.
Practical work No. 4. Creation of a virtual museum of minerals in the Perm region.
Topic 6. Climate (2 hours).
Climate shaping factors. Climate features. climate resources. resort areas. Climatic and meteorological natural phenomena.
Practical work number 5. Determination of the main climatic indicators from the climatic map, the establishment of patterns of their change. Assessment of climatic conditions, their impact on the development of agriculture.
Topic 7. Water (2 hours).
Surface and ground water. Kama is the water artery of the region. Mineral springs. Small and medium rivers of the Perm region.
Water resources. Hydrological natural phenomena.
Practical work No. 6. Drawing on the contour map of the most important objects of the region. Evaluation of their use. Characteristics of the river in the locality. Drawing up an action plan for its protection.
Topic 8. Soils, vegetation, animal world(4 hours).
Soils. Their types, views on the plain and mountainous parts of the region. Formation conditions. Measures for the protection and conservation of soils. Land resources.
Vegetation. Forest types. Kungur forest-steppe.
Animal world. Changes in flora and fauna as a result of human economic activity.
Forest, commercial and hunting resources. Measures for their protection and renewal. Red Book of the Middle Urals. Soils, vegetation, fauna of the area.
Practical work number 7. Compilation of a memo to a tourist going on a hike in his region. Development of a virtual tourist route in the Perm region and its certification.
Topic 9. Protected natural areas of the Perm region (2 hours).
Reserve "Vishersky". Pearl of the Krasnovishersky district of the Perm Territory. General characteristics of natural conditions. Flora and fauna of Vishera. Calendar of nature Vishera. Deposits "Citrine", "Olkhovka".
Reserve "Basegi". Basegi is a visiting card of the Middle Urals. From the history of the organization of the reserve. General characteristics of natural conditions. Flora and fauna.
Practical work No. 8. Development of a video tour "Pearls of the Northern Urals" based on the use of software Google earth. Compilation of a memo to a tourist going on a hike in his region.
Topic 10. Social and economic characteristics of the Perm region (4 hours).
Geography of interbranch complexes and branches of the Perm Territory. fuel and energy complex. NGDU "Lukoil-Permneft" and oil and gas production in the territory of the region. Oil refineries of the region: Permnefteorgsintez.
To a complex for the production of structural materials in the Perm Territory. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy. Engineering. Chemical industry of the Perm Territory on the example of the enterprises of the cities of Solikamsk and Berezniki OJSC "Uralkali" and OJSC "Silvinit". Timber industry complex.
Complex for the production of food and consumer goods. Light industry. Food industry. Agro-industrial complex.
The population of the Perm region. Settlement and economic development of the Ural Kama region. Number, density, national composition of the population, religions of the peoples of the region. The structure of the population.
Practical work N 9. Mapping cities, ranking their population by size. Explanation of the reasons for the location of cities in the region.
III.Bibliographic list
1. Atlas of the Perm region. Ed. Nazarova N.N. Perm, publishing house "Perm book publishing house", 2005. 48 p.
2. Atlas of the Perm region. Geography. Story. Educational edition. M., Publishing house "DIK", 1999 48 p.
3. Nazarov N.N., Sharygin M.D. Geography. Perm region. / Tutorial. Perm, "Book World", 1999. 248 p.
4. Tourism in the Perm region. Perm: Raritet-Perm LLC, 2004. 348 p.
5. Tourism in the Perm region. Perm: Raritet-Perm LLC, 2002. 336 p.
6. Khlyupina T.L. Geographical dictations on the course "Geography of the Perm region" for grades 7-9. Perm, PKIPKRO, 2007. 36 p.
Elective work program
"Entertaining geography".
6th grade.
Explanatory note
to the work program of the elective "Entertaining geography"
The elective program "Entertaining Geography" is aimed at generating interest in the subject, the ability to solve non-standard tasks increased complexity, because interest in the subject is currently reduced. To a large extent, this is due to the fact that in the lessons of geography, students do not have enough opportunities to practice communication skills both orally and in writing. Therefore, even graduates with a generally good level of training are not able to clearly, geographically competently express their thoughts. The rich content of the geography course provides great opportunities for organizing a variety of activities, both in the classroom and after school hours. Extracurricular work contributes to the improvement of learning motivation and the development of cognitive interests of students. The combination of practical and intellectual activity contributes to the mental development of students, is a means of strengthening health and rational use of free time, fosters a culture of intellectual work, and a need is formed to apply knowledge in everyday life. life.
The novelty of the proposed program:
The program complies with the goals and objectives of the Federal State Educational Standard general education second generation. it comprehensive program the formation of knowledge, attitudes, personal guidelines, which ensures the formation of regulatory, cognitive, communicative and personal universal actions.
Pedagogical expediency:
It consists in the fact that its content includes topics that are not studied by students in the framework of the educational program, or go in the section “And now more complex questions”
Effective for the development of children is the introduction of new theoretical material, which is caused by the requirements of the socialization of students.
The program was developed taking into account modern educational technologies which are reflected in:
Forms and methods of education (differentiated education, classes, competitions, excursions);
Principles of training (individuality, accessibility, continuity, effectiveness);
Methods of control (testing, analysis of the results of competitions).
Teaching aids (maps, atlases, globe, encyclopedias, etc.)
Goals:
Mastering knowledge about basic geographical concepts,
Mastering the ability to solve tasks of increased complexity.
Development of cognitive interests, independent acquisition of new knowledge;
Raising love for the subject, ecological culture respect for the environment.
Tasks: :
1. Creation of conditions for students to master the skills of independent creative activity when performing tasks of an increased level of complexity.
2. Formation of the ability of schoolchildren to work with sources of geographical information;
3. Formation of skill research activities when deciding problematic issues geography;
4. Education of the geographical culture of schoolchildren.
The Entertaining Geography program is designed for 34 hours, at the rate of 1 hour per week. The elective program is designed for students of the 6th grade.
The program provides for the formation of students' general educational skills and abilities, universal methods of activity andkey oversubject competencies.In this direction, the priorities for the elective program are:
To form students' skills in solving tasks of increased complexity;
Provide conditions for the disclosure of the creative abilities of students, improve the quality of student training in the subject.
To develop in students an understanding of the social need for geographical knowledge;
To form their attitude towards geography as a possible area of future practical activity;
A distinctive feature of this program from existing educational programs is the substantive aspect: in the classes of the circle, students have the opportunity to fully acquire the knowledge that they need for life and work.
This program combines theoretical information from the field of geography, biology, history, demography, agroclimatology. This integration helps students to form a holistic perception of the world around them, to develop their own point of view on the most important problems, to find their place in life.
The focus of the proposed course:
By functional purpose: educational and cognitive
By form of organization: optional
By implementation time: annual
The elective program is provided for one year of study. Classes are scheduled for 45 minutes. The main form of organization educational process is a group activity.
Expected results:
Substantive resultmastering the program "Entertaining geography" is:
- ability to work with different sources of geographic information;
The ability to identify, describe and explain the essential features of geographical objects and phenomena.
- cartographic literacy;
The ability to establish cause-and-effect relationships, monitor objects, processes and phenomena of the geographic environment, their changes as a result of natural and anthropogenic influences, and evaluate their consequences.
The ability to apply geographical knowledge in everyday life to explain and evaluate a variety of phenomena and processes, adapt to living conditions;
Ability to comply with security measures in case of natural disasters and man-made disasters;
Ability to make a geographic forecast.
Metasubject Resultsconsist in the formation and development of cognitive interests, intellectual and creative abilities of students;
The ability to independently acquire new knowledge and practical skills, the ability to manage their learning activities.
The ability to conduct an independent search, analysis, selection of information, its transformation, preservation, transmission and presentation with the help of technical means and information technologies.
Ability to interact with people, work in teams with the implementation of various social roles, introduce yourself, lead a discussion;
The ability to navigate in the world around, choose the target and semantic settings in their actions and deeds, make decisions.
personal resultstudents under the program "Entertaining Geography" is the formation of a comprehensively educated, enterprising and successful personality, possessing a system of modern worldviews, value orientations, ideological, moral, cultural and ethnic principles and norms of behavior.
Emotional and valuable attitude to the environment, the need for its conservation and rational use;
Patriotism, love for one's locality, one's country;
Respect for history, culture, national characteristics, traditions and way of life of people, tolerance.
Educational Outcomesprovide for: - mastering the system of geographical knowledge and skills of a practical orientation; skills of their application in various life situations.
Place of the training course in curriculum gymnasium.
The work program of the optional course "Entertaining Geography" for students in grade 6 is designed for 35 hours per year (1 hour per week). The program provides for both theoretical classes and practical work, including on the ground. In the process of studying the course, knowledge and skills of working with a map are formed, the ability to compare and analyze materials, broadens horizons, instills a love for native land.
Planned results of studying the section. |
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Sources of geographic information. The map is the greatest creation of mankind. |
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Know and explain the concept of "geographical object". Apply images from space to determine geographical objects. Be able to determine directions on the map and on the ground. Distinguish geographical maps, different in content and scale. Determine the meaning of cards for people of different professions. To know and explain the role and contribution of outstanding geographers to the development of the science of geography. |
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Journey around the native land. |
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The history of the settlement of the Simbirsk Volga region. regions of our region. Drafting business cards regions of the region. Customs, traditions, and holidays of peoples. Unusual monuments of our region ("Pancake Capital", the birthplace of Kolobok). Project activities of students. Project protection. | Know the history of your region, its settlement, the formation of customs and traditions. To know the domestic geographers-researchers of the Simbirsk Volga region, their contribution to the study of nature. Be able to characterize the regions of the region. Give examples of events and phenomena that are significant for our region. Use the acquired knowledge in everyday life, to independently search for information about the history and settlement of the region and entertaining material. |
An amazing variety of shells of the Earth. The lithosphere is the stone shell of the Earth. Geological past of the planet. Unsolved secrets of the depths of the earth. Unique monuments created by nature. Atmospheric mysteries. Live barometers.. Riddles of the atmosphere. Anomalous zones. Climate change issues and how consequence of nature planets. Nature and human health. Biosphere. These amazing plants medicinal plants around us). Green Pharmacy. Medicinal plants Red book. Squares and parks. Natural parks and reserves. Excursion. | To know and have ideas about the relationship of processes occurring on Earth, about the greatness of natural phenomena, about the importance of nature in human life, its economic activity. Predict changes in the environment under the influence of human activities. Give examples of actions during natural disasters in the territory of the region. Select sources to find entertaining and scientific information. Use the acquired knowledge and skills to read maps of flora and fauna, to compile a collection of medicinal herbs. |
Countries of the world. |
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Travel around the world. Diversity of the countries of the world. Differences in territory, geographical location, population, nature and economic activity of the country's development. Material and spiritual culture of the peoples of the world. Monuments of the world cultural heritage. Customs and traditions of the peoples of the world.Countries that don't exist | To know and explain the reasons for the diversity of peoples on Earth. To establish the dependence of a person, his economic activity, types of dwellings, food, customs and traditions on natural conditions. Understand the reasons for the uneven distribution of people on earth. Acquaintance with the main religions of the world. |
6th grade.
Topic name | ||
Introduction. Optional program. 1 hour | Organization of classes on the subject of electives. Job requirements. Determination of requirements for the educational organization of students in the course of the implementation of the elective program |
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Sources of geographic information. The map is the greatest creation of mankind. 6 hours | Main sources of geographic information: globe, directories, geographic sites. The map is the greatest creation of mankind. Types of geographical maps. Geographical map in professions. History of the geographical map, globe. Great scientists of antiquity and modernity who contributed to the development of the science of geography. In the footsteps of geographical discoveries. Without a map, there is no geography. Their names are on the geographical map. Names are twins. Adventures with geography (history of geographical names) Benefits: atlas, geographical maps, portraits of scientists - geographers. |
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Journey around the native land. 6 hours | Entertaining material on the native land. Records in the heading "most, most, most." Drawing up visiting cards of the regions of the region ("pancake capital", the birthplace of the kolobok). Unusual monuments of our region. Customs, traditions, and holidays.Project activities of students. Protection of projects. “And life left its mark ...” Equipment : video presentations |
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Mysteries of the geographic shells of the Earth. 15 hours | An amazing variety of shells of the Earth. The lithosphere is the rocky shell of the Earth. Unsolved mysteries of the depths of the earth. Geological past of the planet. Atmospheric mysteries. Live barometers. Problems of climate change and, as a result, the nature of the planet. Nature and human health. Mysteries of the World Ocean. Records of the oceans "The most, the most, the most." Atlas of non-existent lands. Biosphere. These amazing plants (medicinal plants around us). The Red Book. Project activities of students. Project protection. Equipment and aids: video material "History of the development of life on planet Earth" encyclopedias, reference books, anthologies. |
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Countries of the world 5 o'clock | Travel around the world. Diversity of the countries of the world. Differences in territory, geographical location, population, nature and economic activity of the country's development. Countries that don't exist. customs of the peoples of the world. Project activities of students. Project protection. Equipment and aids:political map of the world, Directory "Countries of the World", Encyclopedia. |
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Final lesson 2h. | Generalization and control of assimilation of material according to the elective program. Final testing of students. Self-analysis of students on the work of an elective. |
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35h. |
Elective hours distribution
"Entertaining geography".
p.p. | List of topics and sections | Number of hours | Theory | Practice | Types and forms of activity |
Introduction. Elective program | 1 hour | Conversation |
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Sources of geographic information. Map - the greatest creation of mankind | 6 o'clock | Lecture Practicum. |
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Journey around the native land | 6 o'clock | Lecture. Practical.Project activities of students. Project Protection |
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Mysteries of the geographic shells of the Earth. | 15 o'clock | Workshop |
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Countries of the world | 5 o'clock | Workshop Project activities of students. Project Protection |
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Final lesson | 2 hours | Final testing . Project protection. |
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Total |
Calendar-thematic planning.
"Entertaining geography"
Topic of extracurricular activities | Objective | Learning Outcomes | Methods | Equipment | Kinds activities |
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Introduction. 1 hour |
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This mysterious world of nature. | Awaken cognitive interest in the natural world | subject : - an idea of \u200b\u200bnatural conditions, of the flora and fauna, the ability to observe the surrounding nature. Universal: the ability to set goals and objectives, the development of cognitive interest. Personal: awareness of the importance of knowledge about nature and their application in life, awareness of the integrity of the natural world. | Observations | Reference books, geography textbooks, atlases. | ||
Sources of geographic information. 6 o'clock |
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The main sources of geographic information. | Find the information you need using geographic sources. Reveal the history of the creation of maps, their significance for people of various professions. Introduce interesting facts about the appearance of names on the map. | subject : - an idea of \u200b\u200bhow to depict the area on a map; the ability to work with sources of information. an idea of orientation on the ground, the ability to determine the direction on the map, an idea of \u200b\u200bmaps of cities and military maps, the meaning of maps for people of different professions. Universal : the ability to compare, analyze, compare, make corrections, develop skills Working with various sources of knowledge. Personal: formation of a holistic perception of the world, the foundations of ecological culture. | Methods of analysis and comparison | Atlas, globe, maps. Traveler portraits | Workshop Workshop |
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The map is the greatest creation of humankind. |
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Types of geographical maps. Geographic map in professions. |
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History of the geographical map and globe. Their names on the map |
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In the footsteps of the great geographical discoveries. Geographic closures. |
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Adventures with geography. (History with geographical names) |
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Journey around the native land. 6 hours. |
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The history of the settlement of the Simbirsk region. | The history of the settlement of the region by ancient tribes (Burtases, Ilmenkovsky tribes, the formation of the peoples of the Volga region). Acquaintance with folk culture, outstanding fellow countrymen, their contribution to the history of the region. | Subject: ability to master cartographic knowledge Universal: the formation of a sustainable cognitive interest in the history of their region. Personal : awareness of one's ethnicity. | Research methods. Design method. | Map of Ulyanovsk region | Workshop Workshop |
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Drawing up a business card Ulyanovsk cards. |
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regions of our region. (pancake capital) |
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Customs and traditions of the Simbirsk region. |
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“And life left its mark ...” |
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Mysteries of the geographic shells of the Earth. 15 hours. |
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Unsolved mysteries of the depths of the Earth. | Peculiarities Relief of the Earth. To study the monuments of nature. To reveal the role of the relief, climate, and the world ocean in the life and economic activity of man. To form the need for respect for the environment. Develop a travel itinerary for the most interesting and significant geographic features. | Subject: an idea of the geological past of the Earth, of the rocks and minerals that make up the earth's crust, and the forces that shape the relief of the planet, the ability to compare meteorological maps and predict weather changes, to identify the causes of changes in the state of the world's oceans, the similarities and differences of geographical objects. Ability to prove the need for nature conservation. Universal : analyze the necessary information from various sources (maps, observation diary, diagrams). Personal: formation of motivation for self-development and self-education. | Method of research and projects. | Physical maps of the world, Russia. | Workshop Workshop Workshop Project Protection Comrade Workshop Project Protection Tov Excursion |
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Earth. The geological past of the planet. |
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Unique monuments created by nature. |
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Unique monuments created by nature |
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Atmospheric mysteries. |
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Live barometers. | ||||||
Protection of projects by topics. | ||||||
Anomalous zones of the oceans. | ||||||
Atlas of non-existent lands. Toponymy. | ||||||
Biosphere. | ||||||
These are amazing plants. Green Pharmacy. | ||||||
Defense of projects on the topic "Medicinal plants" | ||||||
Natural parks and reserves. | ||||||
Parks and squares of the city of Ulyanovsk. Landscaping. | ||||||
Excursion in the park "Privolzhsky" | ||||||
Countries of the world.5 hours. |
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Travel around the world. | Develop a travel route for the most interesting and significant geographical objects. Acquaintance with the customs and traditions of the peoples of the world. | Subject: formation of ideas about the integrity and heterogeneity of the Earth as a planet of people and changes in space and time. Universal : the ability to organize their activities according to the description of the peoples of different continents. Personal : respect for other nations; awareness of one's ethnicity. | Research. | Political map of the world and individual countries. | Project Protection Comrade Project Protection Comrade |
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The difference between countries by area, position on the map. | ||||||
People are so different. The peoples of the world. | ||||||
Customs and traditions of the peoples of the world. | ||||||
Project protection. Presentations. | ||||||
34-35 | Literature for students | Literature and teacher's manuals | media resources |
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"Entertaining geography". 6th grade | Geography. Initial course. 5-6 grades. Textbook for educational institutions.A.A.Letyagin.\\Ventana Count//;-M. 2015. Geographic local history. Ulyanovsk, 2010 Encyclopedic reference book "Countries and peoples";-M.2014 | V.A. Nizovtsev Geography. School Olympiads", Moscow, Iris - Press, 2006 V.N. Ivanov "Geography. Activation cognitive activity students." Volgograd., "Teacher", 2009. | Internet resources Disc “Geography. Planet Earth", line "Sphere" |
28.10.2015 3912 484 Boribayeva Meiramgul Samatkyzy
Explanatory note
The optional course "Geographical Kaleidoscope" provides a thorough study of the most important geographical knowledge and skills related to the physical geography of Kazakhstan. The program is designed for 34 hours, addressed to students in grade 8, as they are already familiar with the basic practical knowledge of geographical laws. Each lesson is accompanied by practical work on the topic.
This course will expand and concretize knowledge of the mathematical basis of geography, as well as continue the development of intellectual, cognitive and creative abilities of students. This will enable more full training students to the Olympiad tasks on the subject.
secondary education practical work and tasks that are in this course the result of the teacher's work on the formation of students' ability to use a variety of geographic information. The practical tasks assumed in the course contribute to the writing by students of various kinds of design and research papers. In accordance with this, practical work of different levels of complexity is assumed:
· creative design;
geoinformation technologies .
All tasks are advisory in nature and are designed for their creative use by the teacher, taking into account:
- available study time;
- equipment educational process necessary materials;
- general and individual training of students;
- own professional techniques and methods of work.
Purpose and objectives of the course :
Basic goal course is the formation of schoolchildren's complete ideas about the study of the most important geographical knowledge and skills.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following educational and methodological tasks:
· Formation of versatile and deep knowledge of students about the mathematical basis of geography and cartography;
Develop cognitive interest, intellectual and Creative skills through a closer acquaintance with the outstanding geographical discoveries and travel;
Promote student development personal qualities: patriotism, respect for geographical culture;
· To continue the development of cartographic literacy of schoolchildren;
· Expand the ability to extract information from various sources of knowledge.
Expected Result
The study of the optional course "Geographical Kaleidoscope" contributes to the active formation of the geographical thinking of schoolchildren, develops their interest in the subject. This course helps to develop the knowledge of the mathematical basis of geography more deeply.
Forms of conducting classes
In this course, various forms of organizing and conducting classes are used: frontal survey, independent work of students, practical work, information computer technology.
Practical work contributes to the deepening and development of theoretical knowledge and skills (independent use of a textbook and additional literature, maps, statistical materials, visual aids, geographical instruments, etc.). Practical work prepares students to perform independent work creative nature, to independent search for new knowledge and mastery of new skills.
Information computer technologies allow the student to study with interest, find sources of information, bring up independence and responsibility in obtaining new knowledge, develop the discipline of intellectual activity.
Teaching methods
To achieve the goal of the optional course, methods are used that include elements of research: partial exploratory, independent acquisition of knowledge, work with documents and literature, analysis of geographical sources of knowledge and statistical materials. In the context of the material of this elective course, multimedia computer technologies are used. The use of demonstration presentations in the classroom develops imagination, abstract thinking, and increases interest in the material being studied. multimedia presentations created by the students themselves using the Internet. Preparing presentations allows students to develop their horizons, make plans for the future and see the prospects for their own development, and, accordingly, strive for their implementation.
The above methods develop in students the ability to apply them in new conditions and situations.
Introduction. Features of the geographical location of Kazakhstan
Types of geographical position of Kazakhstan: physical-geographical, mathematical-geographical, economic-geographical, transport-geographical, geopolitical, ethno-cultural and ecological-geographical positions. Levels (scales) of geographical location. Comparison of the geographical position of Kazakhstan and the position of other states
Kazakhstan on timezone map
Local, belt, maternity, their role in the economy and people's lives.
Practical work . 1. Characteristics of the geographical position of Kazakhstan. Comparison of the GP of Kazakhstan with the GP of other countries. 2. Definition of standard time for various points of Kazakhstan.
Stagesgeographical study of the territory Kazakhstan.
Periods of research on the territory of Kazakhstan from ancient times to the new period.
Geological history and geological structure territories Kazakhstan. Relief of Kazakhstan . The main landforms, their relationship with the structure of the lithosphere . Mountains and plains. Influence of the lithosphere and relief on other components of nature. Natural natural phenomena in the lithosphere.
Geological history and geological structure of the territory of Kazakhstan. Stable and moving areas earth's crust. The main stages of the geological history of the formation of the earth's crust on the territory of the country. Basic tectonic structures.
Relief of Kazakhstan: main forms, their connection with the structure of the lithosphere. Mountains and plains. Influence of internal and external processes on the formation of relief. The movement of the earth's crust. Areas of modern mountain building, earthquakes and volcanism. Modern relief-forming processes and dangerous natural phenomena. Ancient and modern glaciations. Natural natural phenomena in the lithosphere. Influence of the lithosphere and relief on other components of nature. Man and the lithosphere. Patterns of placement of mineral deposits. Mineral resources of the country and problems of their rational use. Relief change by man. Influence of the lithosphere on human life and economic activity.
Manifestation of patterns of relief formation and its modern development on the example of their region and locality.Relief and minerals of the Aktobe region.
Practical work. Explanation of the dependence of the location of large landforms and mineral deposits on the structure of the earth's crust on the example of individual territories.
Factors determined key features of the climate of Kazakhstan . Sunnyradiation. Patterns of distribution of heat and moisture in the territory Kazakhstan.Climate typesKazakhstan.Climate and people.
Factors that determine the climate of Kazakhstan: the influence of geographic latitude, the underlying surface, the circulation of air masses. Cyclones and anticyclones. Patterns of distribution of heat and moisture on the territory of the country (average temperatures in January and July, precipitation, evaporation, evaporation, moisture coefficient). Seasonality of the climate.
Types of climates in Kazakhstan. Comfort (discomfort) of climatic conditions. Climate change under the influence of natural factors.
Climate and people. The influence of climate on a person's life, his dwelling, clothes, means of transportation, health. Dangerous and adverse climatic phenomena. Methods for studying and predicting climatic phenomena.
The climate of your region.
Practical work. 1. Determination of the patterns of distribution of solar radiation, radiation balance from maps. Identification of the features of the distribution of average temperatures in January and July, the annual amount of precipitation throughout the country. 2.Determination of the moisture coefficient for various points. 3. Assessment of the main climatic indicators of one of the regions of the country to characterize the living conditions and economic activities of the population.
Ravariety of inland waters of Kazakhstan . Rivers. Lakes. The groundwater. Glaciers. Permafrost.
The special role of water in nature and economy. Types of land waters in the country. Major river systems, watersheds, basins. Distribution of rivers in ocean basins. Nutrition, regime, flow, annual flow of rivers, ice regime. Hazardous phenomena associated with waters (floods, floods, avalanches, mudflows), their prevention. The role of rivers in the development of the territory and the development of the economy of Kazakhstan.
The most important lakes, their origin. The groundwater. Glaciers. Permafrost.
Water resources and people. Uneven distribution of water resources. The growth of their consumption and pollution. Ways to preserve the quality of water resources.
inland waters and water resources your region and locality.
Practical work. 1. Compilation of the characteristics of one of the rivers using thematic maps and climatograms. Determining the possibilities of its economic use. 2. Explanation of regularities in the distribution of different types of land waters and related natural hazards on the territory of the country depending on the relief and climate.
Soil is a special natural body. Soil formation and diversity. Patterns of soil distribution. Main soil types Kazakhstan.Soil resources Kazakhstan.
Soil is a special component of nature. VV Dokuchaev is the founder of soil science. Soil is a national wealth. Factors of soil formation, their main types, properties, differences in fertility. Diversity and patterns of soil distribution.
Man and soil. Soil resources of Kazakhstan. Changes in soils in the course of their economic use. Land reclamation and soil conservation: erosion and pollution control.
Features of the soils of your region and your area.
Practical work. Identification of soil formation conditions for the main land types of soils (amount of heat, moisture, relief, nature of vegetation) and assessment of their fertility. Acquaintance with soil samples from your area.
Vegetableand animal worldKazakhstan.Biological resources and their rational use. Protection of the organic world.
Flora and fauna of Kazakhstan: species diversity factors that determine its appearance. Features of vegetation and fauna of natural zones of Kazakhstan.
Biological resources, their rational use. Measures for the protection of flora and fauna. Flora and fauna of your region and locality.
Practical work. Making a forecast of changes in flora and fauna under given conditions of changes in other components of the natural complex.
Natural zones of Kazakhstan.
Natural zone as a natural complex: interconnection and interdependence of its components. The role of V. V. Dokuchaev and L. S. Berg in the creation of the doctrine of natural zones. Characteristics of forests, forest-steppes and steppes, semi-deserts and deserts. Altitudinal zonation. Natural resources of zones, their use.
Practical work. Identification of dependencies between the components of nature on the basis of maps on the example of one of the natural zones.
Territories that are ecologically favorable and unfavorable for human existence. Reserves.
Environmental problems. Reserves. Specially protected natural areas. Monuments of the world natural heritage.
natural area of the area. Her environmental problems.
Review of the program of the optional course for students of the 8th grade "Geographical Kaleidoscope", prepared by the geography teacher of the secondary school named after Zh. Kereev B Oribaeva M . FROM.
The study of the optional course "Geographical Kaleidoscope" contributes to the active formation of the geographical thinking of schoolchildren, develops their interest in the subject. This course helps to develop the knowledge of the mathematical basis of geography more deeply.
In the course of study, schoolchildren consolidate their skills: to compose brief geographical descriptions and characteristics of territories based on various sources of geographical knowledge; identify and describe the essential features of geographical objects; find and analyze information in different sources; and also continue to develop their skills in writing design and research papers.
In the future, students can use the acquired knowledge, skills and abilities in practical activities and everyday life: to conduct an independent search for geographic information from various sources (including maps, information systems and Internet resources).
The proposed program is designed in accordance with the requirements for the school component of the generalsecondary education Republic of Kazakhstan. All sections of the program are equipped with a fairly extensive listpractical work and assignments, which in this course are the result of the teacher's work on the formation of students' ability to use a variety of geographical information. The practical tasks assumed in the course contribute to the writing by students of various kinds of design and research papers. In accordance with this, practical work of different levels of complexity is assumed:
Tasks for traditional independent work;
· creative design;
work performed withgeoinformation technologies .
The material on the physical geography of Kazakhstan is grouped into several stages and periods, differing from each other in the breadth of spatial horizons, the amount of geographical knowledge, methods and methods of research.
History and geography teacher
secondary school named after Zh. Kereev Vinogradov V.P.
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